• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.522-529
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• 2010

Distance relay plays an important role in the protection of transmission lines. The application of flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) devices, such as the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), could affect the performance of the distance relay because of compensation effect. This paper analyzes the application of distance relay on the protection of a transmission line containing STATCOM. New setting principles for different protection zones are proposed based on this analysis. A typical 500 kV transmission system employing STATCOM is modeled using Matlab/Simulink. The impact of STATCOM on distance protection scheme is studied for different fault types, fault locations, and system configurations. Based on simulation results, the performance of distance relay is evaluated. The setting principle can be verified for the transmission line with STATCOM.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.75-81
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• 2009

The cellular system in the next generation decreases the range of transmission of a signal as well as increases the rate of transmission adapting the method of multi-hop relaying with the relay. However, the fact of decreasing the range of transmission with the method of multi-hop relaying means increasing interferential amount in the outer cell; therefore, the deployment of the relay can affect to the function of the cellular system. In this thesis, the deployment of the relay is determined for the maximum rate of transmission, based on the transmission power of the relay and the variation of interferential amount. The condition to determine the deployment of the relay is analyzed with the mathematical model; in addition, its performance is verified through the result of a simulation. Based on the analysis of this thesis, the established deployment and transmission power of the relay to minimize the average outage probability exist. Furthermore, the relay contributes to enlargement of capacity of cells, decreasing the average outage probability in the situation of less severe interference between cells with reuse of frequency. However, the relay should be restrained in use in the situation of severe interference between cells due to the fact that the outage probability of inter-cells can be increased.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.12-15
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• 2002

Korea Power System Protection Setting Rule was used from the rectify 1990's. Thereafter transmission voltage is raised the voltage into 765kV, and introduction to new technology of Power System, and was many of variation but, it is using. The present is using Digital type distance relay for 765kV transmission line protection. If impedance value of transmission line were to value lower than setting, this would be operating and relay setting rule is for 85% into Zone 1 self section, and Zone 2 is a 125%, Zone 3 is a 225%. Which's $15{\sim}25%$ include current transformer error 5%, potential transformer 5%, relay calculation error 5% and margin factor from the field experience. This paper is discussed transmission protective relay and relay setting rule of high voltage power system and we verify the correctness relay setting rule with distance relay using Matlab simulation.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07c
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• pp.1407-1409
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• 1999

Distance relay is being used for transmission line protection. Recently, current differential relay is used with high reliability in power system. This kind of relay is reported that it has a reliable detection ability, even so high impedance faults take place in transmission line. Therefore it is expected to use and expand widely in many utilities. Tripping of the relay is decided according to the difference between differential and restraint current. However the tripping criterion can be changed by the manufacturers. This paper presents an operational scheme of current differential relay for transmission line protection with graphical model. It is developed for educational purpose for students interesting in power system and protection engineer in utility. MATLAB is used to establish the models.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2016

In this paper, the performance of dual-hop multi-relay maximum ratio transmission (MRT) over Rayleigh flat fading channels is studied with both conventional (all relays participate the transmission) and opportunistic (best relay is selected to maximize the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)) relaying. Performance analysis starts with the derivation of the probability density function, cumulative distribution function and moment generating function of the SNR. Then, both approximate and asymptotic expressions of symbol error rate (SER) and outage probability are derived for arbitrary numbers of antennas and relays. With the help of asymptotic SER and outage probability, diversity and array gains are obtained. In addition, impact of imperfect channel estimations is investigated and optimum power allocation factors for source and relay are calculated. Our analytical findings are validated by numerical examples which indicate that multi-relay MRT can be a low complexity and reliable option in cooperative networks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.1046-1048
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• 2009

Cooperative transmission is an effective technique to combat multi-path fading and reduce transmitted power. Relay selection and power allocation are important technical issues to determine the performance of cooperative transmission. In this paper, we proposed a new multi-relay selection and power allocation algorithm to increase network lifetime. The proposed relay selection scheme minimizes the transmitted power and increase the network lifetime by considering residual power as well as channel conditions. Simulation results show that proposed algorithm obtains much longer network lifetime than the conventional algorithm.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.442-448
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• 2010

Cooperative relaying methods have attracted a lot of interest in the past few years. A conventional cooperative relaying scheme has a source, a destination, and a single relay. This cooperative scheme can support one symbol transmission per time slot, and is caned full rate transmission. However, existing fun rate cooperative relay approaches provide asymmetrical gain for different transmitted symbols. In this paper, we propose a cooperative relaying scheme that is assisted with dual relays and provides full transmission rate with the same macro-diversity to each symbol. We also address equalization for the dual relay transmission system in addition to addressing the issues concerning the improvement of system performance in terms of optimal power allocations.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.874-887
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• 2011

Compared to nomadic and fixed relay stations, vehicle-mounted mobile relay stations show different characteristics caused by the time-variant topology, due to their mobility. Especially, a relay mounted in a vehicle is differentiated from nomadic or fixed relay by the restricted distance between the relay and associated mobile station and the variable density of relay deployment in a cell. In this paper, we identify the characteristics of vehicle-mounted mobile relay stations and provide some parameters that highly influence the performance of vehicle-mounted relay. Through simulation, we measure the effect of relay density, zone ratio, relay transmission power, and frame transmission mode on the performance of vehicle-mounted relay. The results show that the performance of vehicle-mounted relay is highly susceptible to the above vehicle-mounted relay-specific parameters.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.464-472
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a packet scheduling algorithm for cellular relay networks by considering relay selection, variation of channel quality, and packet delay. In the networks, mobile users are equipped with not only cellular but also user relaying radio interfaces, where base station exploits adaptive high speed downlink channel. Our proposed algorithm selects a user with good cellular channel condition as a relay station for other users with bad cellular channel condition but can get access to relay link with good quality. This can achieve flexible packet scheduling by adjusting transmission rates of cellular link. Packets are scheduled for transmission depending on scheduling indexes which are calculated based on user's achieved transmission rate, packet utility, and proportional fairness of their throughput. The performance results obtained by using computer simulation show that the proposed scheduling algorithm is able to achieve high network capacity, low packet loss, and good fairness in terms of received throughput of mobile users.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1997.07c
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• pp.1025-1027
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• 1997

In this paper, the digital distance relay of transmission lines under fault conditions is discussed. Distance relay is used to protect transmission lines. The principle of distance relay is well-known ; the impedance measured by a relay is Proportional to the distance from the relay to the fault. Hence, by measuring the impedance, it can be determined whether the line is faulted or not. Unfortunately, the measurement of the fault distance is distorted by Mutual Coupling. To implement more reliable and practical digital distance relay, the mutual coupling effect has to be considered.