• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.34-41
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• 2011

Today, residential building is considered of be one of the most important space of their quality of life and health. Residential buildings should provide comfortable environments to support the activities of their occupants. And good residential buildings are made by appropriately combining residential spaces, such as living room, master bedroom, bedroom, kitchen, restroom, and so on. These combinations in residential building are must be compatible with the activities of the occupants and their needs. The objective of this research is to investigate and analyze the relative importance and space priority between residential space in residential buildings depending on occupants' characteristics, such as, gender and age. Especially, this research is to find space weighting factors for integrative evaluation in residential buildings based on occupant survey. These weighting factors play an important role in determining the relative importance of various residential spaces for integrative residential space evaluation. And, the result from this research will help designers and researchers to find space planning strategies in residential building, and develop new integrative evaluation framework for improving residential quality from the occupants' point of view.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 2013

In this paper, the guidance law for formation flight and collision avoidance of multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)s is proposed. To construct the physically comprehensible guidance law for formation flight, the virtual structure approach is used. To develop a guidance law for collision avoidance considering both other UAVs and unknown static obstacles, a geometric approach using information such as a relative position vector is utilized. Through the Lyapunov theorem, the stability of the proposed guidance law is proved. To combine guidance commands, the concept of the elastic weighting factor inspired by the elastic behavior of shape memory polymer, which tends to regain its original shape after deformation, is introduced. By using the concept of elastic weighting factor, multiple UAVs are able to cope actively with the situation of a collision between both UAVs and static obstacles during the formation flight. To verify the performance of the proposed method, numerical simulations are performed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.71-76
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is the development, application and assessment of probability and artificial neural network methods for assessing landslide susceptibility in a chosen study area. As the basic analysis tool, a Geographic Information System (GIS) was used for spatial data management. A probability method was used for calculating the rating of the relative importance of each factor class to landslide occurrence, For calculating the weight of the relative importance of each factor to landslide occurrence, an artificial neural network method was developed. Using these methods, the landslide susceptibility index was calculated using the rating and weight, and a landslide susceptibility map was produced using the index. The results of the landslide susceptibility analysis, with and without weights, were confirmed from comparison with the landslide location data. The comparison result with weighting was better than the results without weighting. The calculated weight and rating can be used to landslide susceptibility mapping.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.543-549
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• 1995

The inverse method has been used to estimate a surface velocity field from sequential AVHRR/SST data. In the model, equation system was composed of heat equation and horizontal divergence minimization and the velocity field contained in the advective term of the heat equation, which was linearized in grid system, was estimated. A constraint was the minimization of horizontal divergence with weighting factor and introduced to compensate the null space(Menke, 1984) of the velocity solutions for the heat equation. The experiments were carried out to set up the range of weighting factor and the matrix equation was solved by SVD(Singular Value Decomposion). In the experiment, the scales of horizontal temperature gradient and divergence of synthetic velocity field were approximated to those of real field. The neglected diffusive effect and the horizontal variation of heat flux in the heat equation were regarded as random temperature errors. According to the result of experiments, the minimum of relative error was more desirable than the minimum of misfit as the criteria of setting up the weighting factor and the error of estimated velocity field became small when the weighting factor was order of $10^{-1}$

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.131-147
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• 2024

Damage caused by an earthquake depends on not just the intensity of an earthquake but also the region-specific construction practices. Past earthquakes in Asian countries have highlighted inadequate construction practices, which caused huge life and property losses, indicating the severe need to strengthen existing structures. Strengthening activities shall be proposed as per the proposed weighting factors, first at the higher weighted members to increase the capacity of the building immediately and thereafter, the other members. Through this study on gravity load-designed (GLD) buildings, relative weights are assigned to each storey and exterior and interior columns within a storey based on their contribution to the energy dissipation capacity of the building. The numerical study is conducted on mid-rise archetype GLD buildings, i.e., 4, 6, 8, and 10 stories with variable storey heights, in the high seismic zones. Non-linear static analysis is performed to compute weights based on energy dissipation capacities. The results obtained are verified with the non-linear time history analysis of 4 GLD buildings. It was observed that exterior columns have higher weightage in the energy dissipation capacity of the building than interior columns up to a certain building height. The damage in stories is distributed in a convex to concave parabolic shape from bottom to top as building height increases, and the maxima location of the parabola shifts from bottom to middle stories. Relative weighting factors are assigned as per the damage contribution. And the sequence for strengthening activities is proposed as per the computed weighting factors in descending order for regular RCC buildings. Therefore, proposals made in the study would increase the efficacy of strengthening activities.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.22 no.A
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• pp.127-135
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• 2002

In this study, the preliminary risk assessment for the underground storage tanks(UST) in Chunchon city was implemented using the geographical information system(GIS). The estimation variables, such as the installation year, storage capacity, the distances from streams, and from groundwater pumping wells, were selected to estimate the relative risk levels. The weighting factors were given to all the estimation variables. Cumulative scores were induced by the combination of all the scores of the corresponding variables using the buffering technique and the overlay analysis in ArcView. Using the these process, the relative risk level of each UST was estimated. Some sites in this study are simplified and reduced because the number of useable data are limited or too enormous. Thus the selection of the comprehensive estimation variables and the proper weighting values are required for the future study. The methodology in this study could be served not only for the preliminary risk assessment of UST but also for the selection of the proper location of new and old UST. And, it can be used for the effective management system of UST.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.71-96
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• 2008

Recently, some universities and university libraries have implemented performance management system as a part of managerial innovation, and they have either implemented or are considering implementing BSC. Thus there are needs to develop performance indicator, which is a tool measuring performance of university libraries, based on BSC, and to assess the developed performance indicator's relative weights to analyze which indicators are essential to fulfill and improve the university library's mission. The performance indicators are also affected by the characteristics and perspectives of the people who develop them during the development process. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the differences among the professional groups in relative weighting of the performance indicator. The purposes of this study are to derive a university library performance indicator model based on BSC, to analyze the importance of each evaluation factor of the derived performance indicator model, and to analyze the differences among the professional groups in relative weighting of the performance indicator model.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.663-674
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• 2004

In this study, the principle of water allocation is proposed based on efficiency, equity, sustainability. Also weighting factors are estimated with sectoral factors and regional factors. The former represents relative weights among water use and the latter represents physical characteristics of water demand places. The AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) is applied to estimate the sectoral factors, and compounded regional-characteristic factors and regional-scale factors, which reflects socioeconomic statistics for the regional factors. By applying these weighting factors, water allocation rules for dam is developed and applied to Andong dam which supplies water to parts of Busan Shi, Daegu Shi and Goryeong Gun in a water-deficit situation. As a result, it is estimated that Water allocation by priorities distributes the entire water shortage to the lowest rank of water sectors or regions, while water allocation by relative weighting factors disperse all the burdens of water shortage to all sectors and regions.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.102-110
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• 2001

In this work, the model predictive control method was applied to a linear model and a nonlinear model of steam generators. The parameters of a linear model for steam generators are very different according to the power levels. The model predictive controller was designed for the linear steam generator model at a fixed power level. The proposed controller at the fixed power level showed good performance for any other power levels by designed changing only the input-weighting factor. As the input-weighting factor usually increases, its relative stability does so. The steam generator has some nonlinear characteristics. Therefore, the proposed algorithm has been implemented for a nonlinear model of the nuclear steam generator to verify its real performance and also, showed good performance.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.87-92
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• 2016

Purpose: The objective of this research is to investigate and analyze the relationship between physical residential conditions and occupants' responses in apartment buildings by POE(Post-Occupancy Evaluation). The analysis results from this research will help to identify the indoor residential problems and find design solutions for improving overall residential indoor residential environment. Method: The occupant survey was conducted at four different apartment complex area at Cheongju City, Chungbuk Province, Korea. Combination of unbalanced indoor environmental conditions in residential building had difference of occupants' responses according to occupants' characteristics, such as gender, age, and so on. The survey collected data regarding the occupants' EQ(Environmental Quality) priorities to determine the weight of each environmental-quality factor (lighting, acoustic, thermal and indoor air quality). A paired comparison method was used to determine the weight by comparing the relative importance of the two factors based on occupant's survey response. Result: The output from this research is useful to understand the residential environment, occupants' satisfaction, preference, and identifies the current residential problems and finds an architectural solution in apartment buildings.