• Membrane Journal
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.191-198
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• 1997

Membrane formation mechanism by the phase inversion has been investigated in order to control the membrane morphology. It was found that finger-like structures were obtained when the heat of mixing between the solvent and non-solvent is exothermic, while sponge-like structures were obtained when they are endothermic in polystyrenes as well as in polyimides (Torlon and polyimide made frorn 3,3'4,4'-benzophenontetracarboxylic diahmydride and 1,4-phenylene diarnine) membranes. This concept was applied to control the morphology of polysulfone membranes simply by adding a solvent additive by adjusting the heat of mixing. A crude, but simple, relationship between the heat of mixing and the exchange rate of the solvent with non-solvent has been also developed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.32-38
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• 1998

For the purpose of monitoring the abnormal state in proportion to cutting in automatic production process, the 3 kinds of specimens different from mechanical properties by austempering through temperature variation were manufactured, and the effects of tool wear on thrust and AE RMS was analyzed with sequential drilling in in-process. When the ADI specimens were drilled, the relationship of thrust and AE RMS with flank wear was studied through experiments, and it is confirmed that the reliable wear state is able to be monitored by using these signals. It was shown that thrust and AE RMS increased slowly till flank wear reached to V$_{B}$ = 0.25mm, and they increased steeply over the value. The effective tool exchange time was able to be pre-estimated by using this fact. It was validated that the tool breakage was able to be detected on the real time by monitoring in in-process.s.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.53-69
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• 2003

This paper tried to find how the characteristics of purchasing items would have influence on the relational e-procurement. The characteristics of purchasing items include the importance and the complexity of purchasing items. In order to define these characteristics, this paper reviewed various literatures about purchasing strategies. The empirical analysis through the multi-nominal logistic regression shows that the importance of items has influence on relational e-procurement, while the complexity of purchasing process has little influence. And also, the relational e-procurement through EDI as a long term buying relationship is being converted toward the exchange through purchasing sites.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.231-240
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• 2019

The paper aims to investigate the relationship between firm size and organizational actions on adopting social media for corporate reputation management. The sample group of 198 companies is selected with a simple random sample method from the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) listings: Sixty nine companies were from the Fortune 500 listings, seventy one companies from the NYSE midsize capitalization and fifty eight companies from the NYSE small capitalization listings. This study employs cross tabulations and Chi-square analysis, and the Kruskal-Wallis that enables the comparison of three samples that are independent. The results of the study show that (1) large firms have more social media ownership than small firms, (2) large firms respond to social media posts at a greater frequency and quickly than small firms, and (3) firm size is less likely associated with response styles to social media for online reputation management. The results show that reply time and response styles of organizations to social media customers in the 2015 survey has no significant change compared to that of 2011. There appears to be a pervasive lack strategic framework as most firms in the study were found not to be adequately monitoring or leveraging social media communication for their reputation management.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2019

The auditor, an important instrument of corporate governance, ensures the transparency and accountability of the firm to the stakeholders. The objective of this paper is to explore the impact of audit characteristics on firm performance. In this study, external audit quality (BIG4), frequencies of audit committee meetings, and audit committee size are used as the proxies of audit characteristics and firm performance is measured through ROA, profit margin and EPS. A total of 503 firm years are considered as sample size from the listed manufacturing firms of Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) during the period of 2013 to 2017 to find out the impact of audit characteristics on firm performance. In this study, multivariate regression analysis is conducted using the pooled OLS method. Moreover, time dummy and lag model of multivariate analysis are also analyzed as robust check. The multivariate regression results find that external audit quality (BIG4) and audit committee size are significantly positively associated with firm performance. This study also finds that there is a significant negative relationship between audit committee meeting and firm performance. This study recommends that the regulatory authority and audit committee should review the frequencies of audit committee meeting to make it more effective to ensure better firm performance.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.159-167
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• 2021

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of family ownership and family CEO on the dividend policy of family firms by using the demographic characteristics of the CEO as a moderator. Dividend policy is a decision taken by the firm in determining whether the profits earned by the firm will be distributed to shareholders in the form of dividends or will be reinvested in the company as retained earnings for future internal resources. Using samples from non-financial family firms listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2013-2017, 93 firms were selected based on adequate data. We also used logit regressions to provide robustness. The results show that family ownership and family CEO have a positive effect on the dividend payout ratio. This finding supports the family income hypothesis. Among CEO demographic characters, CEO age significantly strengthens the positive effect of family CEO on dividend payout ratio. While CEO tenure does not significantly strengthen the positive effect of family CEOs on dividend payout ratios. Meanwhile, leverage, ROA, and firm size significantly affect the dividend payout ratio, but firm age does not significantly affect the dividend payout ratio.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.169-178
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• 2021

Motivating employee work engagement, which has emerged as one of the most significant drivers of high performance and achievement in today's dynamic environment, has become essential in gaining a sustainable competitive advantage. As widely known, leadership is a primary factor affecting work engagement. This is also directly related to a specific style of leadership exercised. Leadership styles affect the work engagement levels of the employees. The distracting nature of leadership type can have adverse impacts on individuals' behaviors. To provide a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon, this article draws on social interaction theory and social exchange theory to investigate the potential effects of inclusive leadership on work engagement within the workplace, and the mediating role of psychological safety on the relationship between inclusive leadership and the work engagement. Here, psychological safety is needed by employees to avoid and manage negative feelings. SPSS and AMOS software was applied to survey data obtained from (n = 373) employees. Results revealed that inclusive leadership is a strong predictor for work engagement, and psychological safety partially mediates the link between inclusive leadership and work engagement. Implications for theory and practice alongside limitations are discussed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.79-86
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• 2021

In recent years, firm performance has been a topic that attracts many researchers. It is extremely important to identify the factors that change firm performance. In the current trend of competition and integration, foreign ownership, product market competition is found to reduce agency costs and impact firm performance. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between foreign ownership, product market competition, and firm performance. Our research using a quantile regression model, through panel data of 290 companies listed on the Vietnam stock exchange (include Ho Chi Minh and Hanoi stock exchanges) from 2017 to 2019 that was collected by Thomson - Reuters DataStream has shown that foreign ownership and product market competition have a positive impact on Tobin's Q but are not statistically significant with ROA. Critically, our quantile regression results suppose foreign ownership, product market competition have a significantly larger positive impact in high-performing firms relative to low-performing firms. The results help propose solutions to planners and managers to change foreign ownership and product market competition to increase business performance. Besides, through quantile regression analysis, managers need to pay attention to the impact on foreign ownership, product market competition; there will be a difference between high-performing firms relative to low-performing firms.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of economic uncertainty on MNC investment in Malaysia from 2009 to 2019 by employing an ARDL method. The results revealed that Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) has a positive association with the capital expenditures of Nestle, British American Tobacco, and Public Bank in the long run. In a similar period, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is positively significant with the capital expenditures of British America Tobacco and Heineken. However, inflation is negatively related to the capital expenditures of British America Tobacco and Heineken. Additionally, the exchange rate has a significant and negative relationship with the capital expenditures of Nestle and Petronas, while the ECT value is negative and significant in the short run, hence confirming that co-integration exists. In view of this, it is imperative that the government plays a prerogative role to support MNC operations, as MNCs foster the developing countries' economic development through facilitating full employment. This study sets to enhance the personal knowledge of those with a strong interest in the Malaysian financial market. As long as MNCs believe that the Malaysian market has the potential to grow, they will continue to invest for the benefit of the country.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.151-156
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• 2021

This paper empirically examines the relationship between one of the major corporate governance attributes; family ownership and the audit committee activity across a sample of 430 publicly traded firms on the Saudi Stock Exchange (Tadawul) for the period 2012-2019. Using the Pooled OLS regression, this study finds that family ownership is negatively associated with audit committee activity. This study reported that family ownership is negatively associated with audit committee activity, giving support to the convergence-of-interest hypothesis. Therefore, the existence of family ownership as a monitoring corporate governance mechanism substitutes the audit committee activity as another monitoring mechanism. This study provides empirical evidence on the associations of two internal corporate governance mechanisms, namely; family ownership and audit committee activity in the Saudi context where there is a paucity of research in this area. The findings of this study provide a new understanding regarding the extent to which family ownership impacts the activity of audit committees in manufacturing companies. Similarly, the companies' management, external auditors, bankers, and companies would also benefit from understanding the influential factors of the audit committee activities.