• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.168-176
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• 2005

As the pluralistic value in which various cultures and trends exist develops the world at large, development of interior design is required to examine consumers by group. This requirement purports to set up a strategic model of operating interior design organizations under cross-cultural (past and present) enviroment, not to express new researches of interior design following the direction of the developed media service. Based on the educational and complex cultural approach to design matters - the key issue in solving the cross-cultural design matters, this paper has suggested the structure of semi-centralized design process and the system for finding out consumers' trends under the new media-based cultural design environment. This study presents some expected effects. First, it will be able to enhance the consumer-oriented design mind by providing the information on the interior design system and design trend. Through analyzing the lifestyle in the 21st century and providing the relevant information, it will lead irrlprovement in living environment. And further, by using the program of searching consumers' new preference, the system of grasping consumers' propensity and making decisions will be materialized. Secondly, based on the background database of forecasted consumers' trends, marketing strategies can be established. Thirdly, through the better technology of designing living environment, efficiency will be increased and the economic foundations through use of new database will be constructed. Fourth, systematic interior design can be developed. Strategic correspondence to consumers' desires and reinforcement of competitiveness will become possible with development of database. By encouraging consumers' participation under digital environment, their trends can be forecasted, and by efficiently using information and new technology, resources can be saved and further, additional costs for promotion and sales will be reduced.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.41-58
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• 2003

A recent trend of global shipping industry adopting Port State Control (PSC) system is recognized as a proficient mechanism in preventing costal traffic accident and protecting marine environment. Disadvantages of Korean shipping companies in PSC inspection are unavoidable as Tokyo MOU imposed priority listed flag to Korea. Having stated above, appropriate research and prompt preparation in compliance with current PSC requirements for the Korean shipping companies have become an immediate need. The objectives of this study are : First, to review in understanding of PSC in overall and foundation of enforcement. Second. to study interaction of international treaties regarding PSC. Third, to compare practical compliance among the countries and to open up a case study on Korean shipping companies in adopting PSC. Last, to suggest direction to the Korean shipping companies the most proficient way in compliance with the current Tokyo MOU requirement. Korean flagged vessels have become prioritized target in PSC inspection as Tokyo MOU imposed priority listed flag to Korea due to high detention rate of its fleet. Disadvantage of a priority listed flag is a burden in its proficient fleet operation. This study suggests solutions to the disadvantages as below. : 1) Change shore management system, and provide continuous & quality education to crew members 2) Form a network in sharing PSC information among the Korean shipping companies 3) Form a centralized function in which government, Korean Shipping register and shipowners can treat problems in a prompt manner.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.157-175
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• 2020

This study aimed to understand why small libraries, which have been continuously extended by the increase of social interest in them and the enactment of 「Promotion of Small Library Act」, an independent law about small libraries, are poorly activated. To this end, it examined the actual status of small library operation, related policies, support and legislations. By summarizing the results, it proposed a policy direction and tasks for activating small libraries. The policy tasks for activating them consist of three main tasks such as 'the improvement of laws and institutions for establishing the base of policies and securing practical momentum', 'the reestablishment of roles by policy units and the reinforcement of cooperation systems' and 'the construction of stable operation support system for small libraries', and their 14 sub-tasks, under the vision of 'the activation of small libraries support local residents' happy life' and the core value of 'a comprehensive policy ground, the innovation of policy systems and sustainable management support'.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.9 no.2 s.32
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• pp.27-37
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• 2007

This research was conducted to determine the optimum lifting positions on precast concrete slabs for precast concrete pavement construction, based on the analysis of concrete stress distribution under various lifting conditions. To analyze stresses in concrete slabs, the finite element method was implemented and a numerical model of the precast slab that was going to be used in the experimental construction was developed. Changes in the stress distribution due to the lifting angle were investigated because slab lifting is not always performed in the perpendicular direction to the slab surface. In addition, the effect of the lifting level, the distance between the neutral axis of the slab and the lifting point, on the stress distribution was investigated since the lifting point is not always at the neutral axis of the slab. To consider the actual steel design of the precast slab, the effect of the reinforcement near the lifting point was also investigated. From this study, the optimum lifting positions of the precast slabs were determined according to the lifting angle and level, and the results were compared with the lifting positions used in the PCI standards.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.13-23
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• 2016

Purpose: In this paper, based on the design drawings of Naju Agricultural Technology Learning Center by focusing on features of New-Hanok applied technology in the design and construction process of New-Hanok Type Public buildings by looking at the characteristics of the whole building is planned to be presented in the future development direction and value of public architecture applied to public buildings. Method: we first review the Phase 1 study results of technology development and application technology to look at the type and characteristics of the technologies applied in Naju Hanok Experience Agriculture Learning Center. As construction designs through the consultation suggestions reflect changes were seven times. By analyzing the changes in the basic design and conduct design in the process were organized for the new technologies applied and whether the application of existing technology hanok. Result: (1) Complements the shortcomings of technology and R & D to offer an alternative to the reinforcement was omitted modify the construction method or irrational process. (2) Implementation of a technique aiming to apply new-hanok workability and economic efficiency is based on a combination of the modern construction techniques and materials. (3) The use of modern materials to the extent that can assist in the purpose and function of the building are to be accommodated. (4) There is sufficient historical study and design plan for establishing identity is necessary in order to reflect the history and tradition of new-hanok public buildings.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.231-238
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• 2002

Dry shrinkage md temperature change cause to develope concrete bridge decks on main girders have initial unidirectional cracks in longitudinal or transverse direction. As they receive traffic loads, the crack gradually propagate in different directions depending on the concrete dimension and reinforcement ratio. Since existing equations that predict crack width are mostly based on the one directional bond-slip theory, it is difficult to determine the actual crack width of a bridge deck with varying the spacing of rebar or strengthening material and to estimate the improvement rate in serviceability of the strengthened bridge deck. In this study, crack propagation mechanism is identified based on the test results and a new crack prediction equation is proposed for evaluation of serviceability. Although more accurate results are derived using the proposed equation, the extent of error is increased as the strain of the rebar or the strengthening material increases after the yielding of rebar Therefore, further research is required to better predict the crack width after the rebar yields under fatigue loading condition.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.215-233
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to compare traditional productivity and environmental productivity of Chinese 28 provinces for 1997-2005. The Eastern, the Central and the Western regions show higher M productivity indices than ML productivity indices before 2000 year, but two productivity indices of three regions report almost similar levels after 2000 year. The M productivity indices were higher than the ML productivity indices in the most provinces for 1997-2005. It implies that the Chinese regional economies have difficulties in the production activity reducing pollutants and increasing desirable outputs simultaneously. In the future, the Chinese 28 provinces need to change the direction of economic growth in the way that pursuits economic growth restraining pollution emission quantities thoroughly and should improve the concrete investment for clean technology of pollutant treatment, reinforcement of environmental regulation, and effectiveness of enforcement law.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2003

A recent trend of global shipping industry adopting Port State Control (PSC) system is recognized as a proficient mechanism in preventing maritime accident and protecting marine environment. Disadvantages of Korean shipping companies in PSC inspection are unavoidable as Tokyo MOU imposed priority listed flag to Korea Having stated above, appropriate research and prompt preparation in compliance with current PSC requirements for the Korean shipping companies have become an immediate need The objectives of this study are: First, to review in understanding of PSC in overall and foundation of enforcement. Second, to study interaction of international treaties regarding PSC. Third, to compare practical compliance among the countries and to open up a case study on Korean shipping companies in adopting PSC Last, to suggest direction to the Korea shipping companies the most proficient way in compliance with the current Tokyo MOU requirement.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2014

The number of welfare foundation to which local governments have contributed is 20 as of December, 2013. As the role of local governments tends to be more stressed than that of central government to achieve the fulfillment of local residents' welfare, the establishment of welfare foundation by local governments is increasing. Considering that the establishment of welfare foundation will increase in future due to the reinforcement of local autonomy it is evident to study the means to operate welfare foundations transparently and effectively. In this situation there has been neither review on the problems in the operation of welfare foundations until now nor study suggesting its improvement direction or activation plan. Therefore, this study delves into the current status of nation-wide welfare foundations and several problems occurred in the implementation process, and it is aimed to achieve the original goal of welfare foundations and the activation of welfare foundations.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.630-645
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• 2009

The tropopause fold event that took place on January 1, 1997 over mid-region on the Korean Peninsula is examined by means of a numerical simulation based on a Mesoscale Model (MM5). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of moisture in reinforcing a tropopause fold linked to an explosive cyclone. Two types of simulations were carried out; 1) simulations for moist conditions in which full physical and dynamic processes are considered and 2) simulations for dry conditions in which cumulus parameterization and cloud microphysics process are excluded. The results of the moist condition simulations demonstrate that the intensity of the central pressure of the cyclone was overestimated compared with the observed values and that the location of the center and the pressure deepening rates (-17 hPa/12 hr) complied with the observed values. The potential vorticity (PV) anomaly on the isentropic surface at 305 K continued to move in a southeast direction on January 1, 1997 and thus created a single tube of tropopause fold covering the northern and the middle area of the Korean Peninsula and reaching the ground surface at 0300 UTC and 0600 UTC. The results of the dry condition simulations show that the tropopause descended to 500 and 670 hPa in 0300 and 0600 UTC, respectively at the same location for the moist condition simulation; however, there was no deep tropopause fold observed. A comparison of the simulated data between the moist and the dry conditions suggests that a deep tropopause fold should happen when there is sufficient moist in the atmosphere and significantly large PV in the lower atmosphere pulls down the upper atmosphere rather than when the tropopause descends itself due to dynamic causes. Thus, it is estimated that moisture in the atmosphere should have played a crucial role in a deep tropopause fold process.