• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06d
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• pp.263-266
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• 2002

This paper describes extraction procedure for the center coordinates of steam generator tubes of Youngkwang NPP #6, which are arrayed in triangular patterns. Steam generator tube images taken with wide field-of-view lens and low-light lamp mounted on a ccd camera tend to have low contrast, because steam generator is sealed and poorly illuminated. The extraction procedures consists of two steps. The first step is to process the region with superior contrast in entire image of steam generator tubes and to extract the center points. Using the extracted coordinates in the first step and the geometrical array characteristics of tubes lined up in regular triangle forms, the central points of the rest region with low contrast are estimated. The straight lines from center point of a tube to neighbour points in horizontal and 60, 120$^{\circ}$ degree directions are derived. The intersections of straight line In horizontal direction and slant line in regular triangle direction are selected as the center coordinates of steam generator tubes. The Chi-square interpolation method is used to determine the line's coefficients in horizontal and regular triangle direction.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.134-145
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• 1996

Since the skid-steer loader is able to work for excavating, lifting and transporting load even at the narrow space, they are widely used in the regular farm and the livestock farm. The skid-steer loader normally adopts the hydrostatic transmission because the power to move the machine backward and forward should be delivered independently on both sides of wheels. Contrast to the mechanical system such as chain and belt transmissions, however, the hydrostatic transmission is less efficient in the use of energy and more difficult in the maintenance. This study was intended to investigate the feasibility of using triangular-type belt clutch and V-belt transmission for the newly developed skid-steer loader in order to overcome the problems stated in the hydrostatic transmission. In the developed triangular-type belt clutch, the centers of driving, driven and idler sheaves are arranged in the triangular shape in a plane, and V-belts were loaded loosely on three sheaves. The power is transmitted by pressing the idler connected to a lever on the loosened V-belt. Contrast to the normal belt clutch using two sheaves, the newly developed belt clutch has the characteristics of small contact-angle of the driving sheave at no bucket load and increasing contact-angle at the time of power transmission. The results of research can be summarized as follows: 1) The developed triangular-type belt clutch adopted a spring-loaded slackside idler which could transmit more power than a fixed idler could by sacrificing the belt life. The life of V-belt used in the power transmission reached at 500 hours(6 months) when the engine power of 11.8 ㎾ was transmitted. Also, it was feasible to develop the large industrial skid-loader with the V-belt transmission by using the proper set of sheaves. 2) The developed skid-steer loader changed the rotating radius and speed with bucket loads as the conventional skid steer loader did. The rotating speed was 47 deg/s at the maximum bucket load of 2.74 kN when the minimum rotating radius was 1.5m. 3) The power required in turning at the bucket load of 2.74 kN was 4 ㎾ and the slippage of V-belt was less than 1%.

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.105-118
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• 1992

Static performance was compared for the triangular plate elements through some numerical experiments. Four Kirchhoff elements and six Mindlin elements were selected for the comparison. Numerical tests were executed for the problems of rectangular plates with regular and distorted meshes, rhombic plates, circular plates and cantilever plates. Among the Kirchhoff 9 DOF elements, the discrete Kirchhoff theory element was the best. Element distortion and the aspect ratio were shown to have negligible effects on the displacement behaviour. The Specht's element resulted in better results than the Bergan's but it was sensitive to the aspect ratio. The element based on the hybrid stress method also resulted in good results but it assumed to be less reliable. Among the linear Mindlin elements, the discrete shear triangle was the best in view of reliability, accuracy and convergence. Since the thin plate behaviour of it was as good as the DKT element, it can be used effectively in the finite element code regardless of the thickness. As a quadratic Mindlin element, the MITC7 element resulted in best results in almost all cases considered. The results were at least as good as those of doubly refined meshes of linear elements.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.58-71
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• 2022

Analytical solutions for two-dimensional velocities of regular waves generated by bottom wave makers in a flume were derived in this study. Triangular and rectangular bottom wave makers were adopted. The velocity potential was derived based on the linear wave theory with the bottom moving boundary condition, kinematic and dynamic free surface boundary conditions. Then, analytical solutions of two-dimensional particle velocities were derived from the velocity potential. The velocity potential and two-dimensional particle velocities which were derived as complex integral equations were numerically calculated. The solutions showed physically valid results as velocities of regular waves generated by bottom wave makers in a flume.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.43 no.8 s.350
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• pp.103-109
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• 2006

In this paper, single-feed equilateral triangular microstrip antennas(ETMA) for circular polarization(CP) are designed and studied experimentally. It is demonstrated that by embedding a narrow slot or a cross of unequal slot lengths in the triangular patch circularly polarized radiation RHCP(right-hand circularly polarized wave), LHCP(left-hand circularly polarized wave) of microstrip antennas can easily be achieved using by strategically positioned coaxial single probe feed. And the size of a triangular microstrip patch antenna is smaller than that of a conventional rectangular or circular patch at a given frequency. A single-feed ETMA with a horizontal narrow slot is printed on the substrate of 60 mils thick and the other ETMA with a corss slot of unequal slot lengths is printed on the same substrate. The antenna radiation characteristics are calculated by ENSEMBLE(Ver. 5.0) software, and compared with the experimental results. This results show that the antenna size reduction of about $17%{\sim}2l%$ is obtained as compared to the regular-size CP design.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.302-310
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• 2011

A fluid in an enclosure can be heated by electric heating, chemical reaction, or fission heat. In order to remove the volumetric heat of the fluid, the walls surrounding the enclosure must be cooled. In this case, a natural convection occurs in the pool of the fluid, and it has a dominant role in heat transfer to the surrounding walls. It can augment the heat transfer rates tens to hundreds times larger than conductive heat transfer. The heat transfer by a natural convection in a regular shape such as a square cavity or semi-circular pool has been studied experimentally and numerically for many years. A pool of an inverted triangular shape with 10 degree inclined bottom walls has a good cooling performance because of enhanced boiling critical heat flux (CHF) compared to horizontal downward surface. The coolability of the pool is determined by comparing the thermal load from the pool and the maximum heat flux removable by cooling mechanism such as radiative or boiling heat transfer on the pool boundaries. In order to evaluate the pool coolability, it is important to correctly expect the thermal load by a natural convection heat transfer of the pool. In this study, turbulence models with modifications for buoyancy effect were validated for unsteady natural convections by volumetric heating. And natural convection in the triangular pool was evaluated by using the models.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.66-74
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• 2011

A fluid in an enclosure can be heated by electric heating, chemical reaction, or fission heat. In order to remove the volumetric heat of the fluid, the walls surrounding the enclosure must be cooled. In this case, a natural convection occurs in the pool of the fluid, and it has a dominant role in heat transfer to the surrounding walls. It can augment the heat transfer rates tens to hundreds times larger than conductive heat transfer. The heat transfer by a natural convection in a regular shape such as a square cavity or semi-circular pool has been studied experimentally and numerically for many years. A pool of an inverted triangular shape with 10 degree inclined bottom walls has a good cooling performance because of enhanced boiling critical heat flux (CHF) compared to horizontal downward surface. The coolability of the pool is determined by comparing the thermal load from the pool and the maximum heat flux removable by cooling mechanism such as radiative or boiling heat transfer on the pool boundaries. In order to evaluate the pool coolability, it is important to correctly expect the thermal load by a natural convection heat transfer of the pool. In this study, turbulence models with modifications for buoyancy effect were validated for unsteady natural convections by volumetric heating. And natural convection in the triangular pool was evaluated by using the models.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.417-424
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• 2020

Huang et al. proved that the n by n upper triangular matrix ring over a domain is weakly reversible-over-center by using the property of regular matrices. In this article we provide a concrete proof which is able to be available in the related study of centers. Next we extend an example of weakly reversible-over-center, which was argued by Huang et al., to the general case.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.293-304
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• 2013

In this paper we analyze an error estimator for the lowest-order triangular Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element which is based on solution of local problems for the error. This estimator was proposed in [Alonso, Error estimators for a mixed method, Numer. Math. 74 (1996), 385{395] and has a similar concept to that of Bank and Weiser. We show that it is asymptotically exact for the Poisson equation if the underlying triangulations are uniform and the exact solution is regular enough.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.203-204
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• 2007

In this work, we propose a compression algorithm for depth images, which are obtained from multi-view sequences. The proposed algorithm represents a depth image using a 3-D regular triangular mesh and predictively encodes the mesh vertices using a linear prediction scheme. The prediction errors are encoded with a arithmetic coder. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm provides better performances than the JPEG2000 lossless coder.