• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.298-302
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• 2017

With an increasing aging population and improved standards of living, more attention has been paid to health. Although walking exercise is known as an aerobic exercise, it imposes repeated and continuous impacts on the joints of the lower extremities. Therefore, when overweight gives a burden to the lower extremity or there is a joint disease, exercise limit occurs. The articular cartilage, weakened with age, also makes it difficult for the elderly to perform walking exercises. Accordingly, this study conducted a comparative analysis between regular walking using only the lower extremity and Nordic walking, which has been known as stable. For analysis, electromyography (EMG) was performed and the ground reaction force of the upper and lower extremities were measured in the same exercise. Integrated EMG (iEMG) revealed that the upper extremity muscles were more active in Nordic walking than in regular walking, where lower extremity muscles were relatively more inactive. In addition, when EMG measurements were performed at each measurement point during walking exercise, the pattern was different. Nevertheless, the result was the same as in iEMG. The load that occurs in each exercise was measured using the ground reaction force system. As a result, Nordic walking had a lower load than regular walking. Therefore, it was found that Nordic walking minimized the load on the lower extremities owing to the effect of whole-body exercise and was a safer and more efficient exercise method.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.795-807
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise therapy to oldwomen's muscle strength, flexibility and IADL. To identify the effect of exercise therapy on oldwomen's muscle strength, flexibility and IADL, this study attempted to determine grip strength, back strength, leg strength, flexibility of upper and low(flexion, extension, abduction), flexibility of trunk(flexion, extension) and IADL, using dynamometer, goniometer and Geriatric center IADL, for 34 female. Thirty-four subjects participating in this study consisted of A group(from sixty-five to sixty-nine, eleven person), B group(from seventy to seventy-four, twelve person), C group(over seventy-five years old, eleven person). Data from the findings of this experiment were computed for and standard deviation by using repeated measurement of MINI TAB. As a result, the following conclusion was drawn : 1. Subject group showed significantly higher scores on effect of exercise between three age group after regular exercise. 2. Subject group showed significantly higher scores on muscle strength(grip strength, back strength, leg strength) and there is a difference between three age group after regular exercise of muscle strength. 3. Subject group showed significantly higher scores on flexibility (upper, lower, trunk) and there is a difference between three age group after regular exercise of flexibility. 4. Subject group showed significantly higher scores on IADL(Instrumental activities of daily living) and there is a difference between three age group after regular exercise. As a result of this study, the effect of exercise training program had improved muscle strength, ROM (range of motion) of joint, IADL. Thus exercise training program could be beneficially applied for the prevention of disability and promotion of health and wellbeing in the aged easily and safely.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2001

1. 수축기 혈압은 운동을 하고 있는 군에서 약간 낮았으나 이완기 혈압은 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 운동을 하고 있는 여대생의 경우 체지방량이 낮게 나타난 반면 제지방량은 변화가 없어 운동 여부에 의한 차이가 거의 보이지 않았다. 또 혈중 포도당 함량은 규칙적인 운동을 하고 있는 여대생에서 다소 높은 수준이었다. 2. 체지방율은 지속적인 운동을 하고 있는 여대생에 서 유의성은 없었지만 약간 낮았으며 혈청 총 콜레스테롤과 중성지방의 농도 역시 유의성 있게 낮게 나타났다. HDL 콜레스테롤 농도는 두 군 모두 거의 비슷한 수준으로 군간에 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았던 반면 LDL 콜레스테롤의 경우 운동에 의해서 유의성 있게 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 규칙적인 운동에 의해서 HDL-Chol/Total-Chol 비율은 증가되었으며 LDL-Chol/HDL-Chol의 비율은 낮았다. 3. 혈액중 지단백질의 상대적인 분포는 HDL(%)의 경우 지속적인 운동을 하고 있는 여대생의 경우 일반 여대생에 비해 거의 차이가 없었고 LDL(%)는 유의성 있게 낮았던 반면 VLDL( %)는 오히려 높게 나타났다. Plasma의 지방산 조성중 포화 지방산 함량은 운동을 하고 있는 여대생에서 약간 높았지만 다가 불포화 지방산 함량은 같은 수준으로 두 군간에 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Energy production and the rebuilding and repair of muscle tissue by physical activity require folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ as a cofactor. Thus, this study investigated the effects of regular moderate exercise training and durations of acute aerobic exercise on plasma folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ concentrations in moderate exercise trained rats. MATERIALS/METHODS: Fifty rats underwent non-exercise training (NT, n = 25) and regular exercise training (ET, n = 25) for 5 weeks. The ET group performed moderate exercise on a treadmill for 30 min/day, 5 days/week. At the end of week 5, each group was subdivided into 4 groups: non-exercise and 3 exercise groups. The non-exercise group (E0) was sacrificed without exercising and the 3 exercise groups were sacrificed immediately after exercising on a treadmill for 0.5 h (E0.5), 1 h (E1), and 2 h (E2). Blood samples were collected and plasma folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ were analyzed. RESULTS: After exercise training, plasma folate level was significantly lower and vitamin $B_{12}$ concentration was significantly higher in the ET group compared with the NT group (P < 0.05). No significant associations were observed between plasma folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ concentrations. In both the NT and ET groups, plasma folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ were not significantly changed by increasing duration of aerobic exercise. Plasma folate concentration of E0.5 was significantly lower in the ET group compared with that in the NT group. Significantly higher vitamin $B_{12}$ concentrations were observed in the E0 and E0.5 groups of the ET group compared to those of the NT group. CONCLUSION: Regular moderate exercise training decreased plasma folate and increased plasma vitamin $B_{12}$ levels. However, no significant changes in plasma folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ concentrations were observed by increasing duration of acute aerobic exercise.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2009

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with the percentage of body fat and bone mineral density (BMD). Methods: 886 students of the 4, 5, 6th grade were sampled from 6 elementary schools in Daejeon city from May to June 2005. Participants completed the questionnaire on socio-demographic factors, eating habits and physical activities, and had the measurements of body composition, BMD, height and weight. T-test, one-way ANOVA and ANCOVA were used to compare body composition and BMD among groups defined by study factors. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the factors related with percentage of fat and BMD in each sex. Results: When adjusting age, height, weight and family income, the amount of food intake and regular exercise including the days of exercise per week and the daily exercise duration were significantly associated with percentage of fat in boys, but not in girls. When adjusting the same variables, regular exercise, the days of exercise per week and the daily exercise duration were positively associated with BMD in both sexes. Conclusion: Regular exercise with one or more days per week were the common factor to decrease percentage of fat and increase BMD in school children. This showed that regular exercise program could improve the body composition of school children.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.653-662
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• 2008

This study has been performed to analyze nutrition knowledge, dietary self-efficacy and eating habits of the elementary- and middle- school students (n = 342) according to student's stage of regular breakfast or exercise. Middle school students had higher nutrition knowledge than primary school students. Total dietary self-efficacy and dietary habit scores were not different by school year and gender. Nutrition knowledge, dietary self-efficacy and dietary habit scores were positively correlated each other. By the stage of regular breakfast, the pre-contemplation stage comprised 13.6%, contemplation 2.1%, preparation 15.7%, action 11.5% and maintenance stage 59.1%. By the stage of regular exercise, the pre-contemplation stage comprised 20.9%, contemplation 7.3%, preparation 45.6%, action 9.8% and maintenance stage 16.4%. According to the stage of change, movement from the pre-contemplation and contemplation to upper stage increased the dietary self-efficacy score. Dietary habit score increased significantly across the five stages of changes. The results of this study indicate differences in stages of changes in breakfast intake and regular exercise and indicate the need for taking these phases of change into account in nutrition education.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.67-76
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• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a 5 week walking program on body composition and functional fitness, as well as its effects on anxiety and depression in elderly women by regular walking exercise(RWE), which helps to provide proper treatment program to them. Method : The 32 subjects who had a regular walking exercise in this research and randomly assigned into two groups, a walking group and a control group. 15 subjects in the experimental group who had RWE. The 17 subjects in the control group who did not have walking exercise. The members of exercise group had walking 50 minutes a day, three times a week, for 5 weeks in same conditions. Results : After RWE, The participants showed lower body weight, body fat mass, % fat, BMI, wast-hip ratio in the walking program. Muscle mass and basic metabolic rate significantly increased after completing the walking program. The health-related physical fitness of the walking group, flexibility and static balance ability were significantly increased. elderly women taking RWE showed significant decreases in the anxiety and depression levels. Conclusion : Findings of this study indicated that A RWE program had favorable effect on body composition, functional fitness, and depression and anxiety in elderly women. Future research needs to target various elderly women groups of a long period.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.255-267
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the affecting factors on self-efficacy of walking exercise. The subjects were 413 working men. Whose data and material were collected through an organized questionnaire from October, 1999 to May 2000. The major results of this were as follows； 1. 61.1％ of the subjects' major affecting factor was deep sleep, 65.0％ of the subjects' majo affecting facto was regular physical screening, 51.1％ of the subjects' regular exercise, 18.7％ of the subjects' walking exercise. 2. stages of change related to walking exercise of the subjects were as follows, 15.8％ of the subjects were in the precontemplation stage, 51.1％ of the subjects were in the precontemplation stage. 3. The average self-efficacy concerning walking exercise was 3.16 points. 4. With stepwise multiple regression, the most significant factor on self-efficacy related to walking exercise in stages of change was the preparation stage. According to the results of this study, a concrete practice program is needed to promote self-efficacy related walking exercise.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.109-113
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of a combined treatment consisting of an isoflavone diet and aerobic exercise on the Caspase 9 levels, and Bcl-2 levels during menopause, using 30 S.D ovariectomized rats as a model, over 12 weeks. The ovariectomized rats were divided into 4 experiment groups, with 8 rats in each group, as follows: (1) General diet group (GD, n=8), (2) Isoflavone diet group (ID, n=8), (3) General diet + Exercise group (GEX, n=8), (4) Isoflavone diet + Exercise group (IEX, n=8). The findings of this study were as follows: 1. Combined treatment consisting of an isoflavone diet and regular exercise resulted in a significant reduction in the expression of caspase-9 proteins (p<0.05), and a significant increase in the expression of Bcl-2 proteins (P<0.001). In addition, apoptotic cells were more decreased (p<0.001) in GEX and IEX group. This also suggests that cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women might be prevented or inhibited to exert positive apoptotic inhibitory effects by increasing Bcl-2 protein expression within aortic tissues during vascular movement and decrease caspase-9 protein.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제66권4호
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• pp.5-23
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• 2014

본 연구는 한림고령화패널(Hallym Aging Study, HAS)과, 고령화연구패널(Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing, KLoSA)을 이용하여 규칙적 운동 여부가 우울증에 영향을 미치는지를 분석하였다. 경향성 점수를 이용한 분석을 통해 두 패널 데이터를 분석하여 규칙적 운동이 우울증에 미치는 효과를 측정하였다. 또한 규칙적 운동이 어떻게 우울증에 영향을 미치는 지의 이론적 설명을 검증하기 위해 5가지 간접효과 모형의 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과는 첫째, 두 표본에서 규칙적으로 운동하는 노인들이 규칙적으로 운동하지 않는 노인에 비해 우울증 수준이 더 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 5개의 간접효과 모형의 분석 결과는 모두 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 일상생활수행능력과 악력 등의 변수를 이용해 규칙적 운동이 우울에 미치는 영향을 분석한 심리생리학적 모형들과 사회활동관련 변수들을 이용해 규칙적 운동의 효과를 설명한 심리사회적 모형들이 모두 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. 분석 결과를 바탕으로 우울증 경감을 위한 운동 프로그램의 적용에 관해 논의하였다.