• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 회귀 매니폴드 3-D PCA 기반 새로운 이미지 분석 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 대용량 이미지 데이터 입력 시 효율적인 차원 축소를 위해 개선된 매니폴드 3-D PCA와 PCA의 비선형 확장이 가능한 오토인코더를 기반으로 설계된 구조로 회귀분석 알고리즘으로 구성된 새로운 이미지 분석 방법이다. 오토인코더의 구성으로는 이미지 픽셀 값을 3차원 회전을 통한 최전의 초평면을 도출하는 회귀 매니폴드 3-D PCA와 딥러닝 구조와 유사한 Bayesian Rule 구조를 적용한다. 성능 검증을 위해 실험을 수행한다. 미세먼지 이미지를 활용하여 이미지를 향상되며, 이를 분류 모델을 통한 정확도 성능 평가를 수행한다. 그 결과 딥러닝 성능에 유효함을 확인할 수 있다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1721-1737
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• 2020

Human apparent age estimation has become a popular research topic and attracted great attention in recent years due to its wide applications, such as personal security and law enforcement. To achieve the goal of age estimation, a large number of methods have been pro-posed, where the models derived through the cumulative attribute coding achieve promised performance by preserving the neighbor-similarity of ages. However, these methods afore-mentioned ignore the geometric structure of extracted facial features. Indeed, the geometric structure of data greatly affects the accuracy of prediction. To this end, we propose an age estimation algorithm through joint feature selection and manifold learning paradigms, so-called Feature-selected and Geometry-preserved Least Square Regression (FGLSR). Based on this, our proposed method, compared with the others, not only preserves the geometry structures within facial representations, but also selects the discriminative features. Moreover, a deep learning extension based FGLSR is proposed later, namely Feature selected and Geometry preserved Neural Network (FGNN). Finally, related experiments are conducted on Morph2 and FG-Net datasets for FGLSR and on Morph2 datasets for FGNN. Experimental results testify our method achieve the best performances.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.817-824
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• 2017

Residual stress is a critical element in determining the integrity of parts and the lifetime of welded structures. It is necessary to estimate the residual stress of a welding zone because residual stress is a major reason for the generation of primary water stress corrosion cracking in nuclear power plants. That is, it is necessary to estimate the distribution of the residual stress in welding of dissimilar metals under manifold welding conditions. In this study, a cascaded support vector regression (CSVR) model was presented to estimate the residual stress of a welding zone. The CSVR model was serially and consecutively structured in terms of SVR modules. Using numerical data obtained from finite element analysis by a subtractive clustering method, learning data that explained the characteristic behavior of the residual stress of a welding zone were selected to optimize the proposed model. The results suggest that the CSVR model yielded a better estimation performance when compared with a classic SVR model.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.719-731
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• 2003

In order to maintain and manage ambient air quality, it is necessary to identify sources and to apportion its sources for ambient particulate matters. The receptor methods were one of the statistical methods to achieve reasonable air pollution strategies. Also, receptor methods, a field of chemometrics, is based on manifold applied statistics and is a statistical methodology that analyzes the physicochemical properties of gaseous and particulate pollutant on various atmospheric receptors, identifies the sources of air pollutants, and quantifies the apportionment of the sources to the receptors. The objective of this study was 1) after obtaining results from the PMF modeling, the existing sources of air at the study area were qualitatively identified and the contributions of each source were quantitatively estimated as well. 2) finally efficient air pollution management and control strategies of each source were suggested. The PMF model was intensively applied to estimate the quantitative contribution of air pollution sources based on the chemical information (128 samples and 25 chemical species). Through a case study of the PMF modeling for the PM-10 aerosols, the total of 11 factors were determined. The multiple linear regression analysis between the observed PM-10 mass concentration and the estimated G matrix had been performed following the FPEAK test. Finally the regression analysis provided quantitative source contributions (scaled G matrix) and source profiles (scaled F matrix). The results of the PMF modeling showed that the sources were apportioned by secondary aerosol related source 28.8 ％, soil related source 16.8％, waste incineration source 11.5%, field burning source 11.0%, fossil fuel combustion source 10%, industry related source 8.3％, motor vehicle source 7.9%, oil/coal combustion source 4.4％, non-ferrous metal source 0.3％. and aged sea- salt source 0.2％, respectively.

• 초등상담연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.205-226
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to find out the relations between 6th graders' negative cognitive process and anger experience and aggressiveness. To achieve the goal, it conducted a test to examine children's negative cognitive process, anger experience, aggressiveness targeting 100 children of 6th grade in C elementary school, Gyeonggj province. Then it conducted SPSS 12.0 statistical program to get the results of correlation analysis and regression analysis. The outcomes were as follows. First, there was a meaningfully positive relation between a negative cognitive process and anger experience. In other words, children having more negative cognitive process seemed to experience the feelings of anger more often, this presented the important role of cognition while getting into a temper Second, it reported a positive relation between anger experience and aggressiveness. Children who have experienced anger more often showed more violent behaviors, especially there were more significant positive relations between trait-anger and aggressiveness compared to state-anger and aggressiveness. This could explain some possibilities that children with high level of trait-anger might outrage more often than others by recognizing the situations as anger stimulants. Third, when conducting a regression analysis, a negative cognitive process made an effect on anger experience which affected aggressiveness. However, it did not show a negative cognitive process making a direct effect on aggressiveness. This is considered that children could experience an anger while evaluating an event or object in a negative way based on individual belief, and emotional linguistic behavioral aggressiveness would be formalized as they express the sparked fury either internally or externally. In conclusion, this study proved that there were close relations between children's negative cognitive process and anger experience and aggressiveness. A negative cognitive process affects anger experience, and anger experience affects aggressiveness afterwards. A negative cognitive process affects aggressiveness through anger experience indirectly, and especially trait-anger among anger experience is the main factor to influence on aggressiveness. With consideration of these results, it is believed that mediation is important key to moderate the negative cognition and trait-anger in order to diminish children's aggressive behaviors. This study has a meaning to provide searching for manifold mediating methods between negative cognition and trait anger, with a fundamental resource.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.737-743
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• 2014

단일 영상 초해상도 기법에는 보간 기반 방법과 표본 기반 방법 등이 있다. 보간 기반 방법들은 간결성에 강점을 가지고 있으나, 이들 방법들은 선지식을 이용할 수 없기 때문에 톱니 모양의 윤곽선을 가진 고해상도 영상을 생성하는 경향이 있다. 표본 기반 초해상도 기법에서는 최근방 기반 알고리즘들이 널리 이용되어 지고 있다. 그들 중, 네이버 임베딩은 지역적 선형 임베딩이라는 매니폴드 학습 방법의 개념과 같다. 그러나, 네이버 임베딩은 국부 학습 데이터 집합의 크기가 너무 작은데에 따른 빈약한 일반화 능력으로 인하여, 시각적으로나 정량적인 척도에 의해 취약한 성능을 보인다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 개선된 네이버 임베딩 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 저해상도 입력 영상이 주어지면 고해상도 버전의 화소 값들은 개선된 네이버 임베딩 알고리즘에 의해 구해진다. 실험 결과 제안된 방법이 바이큐빅 보간법이나 네이버 임베딩에 비해 정량적인 척도 및 시각적으로도 우수한 결과를 보였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.2946-2952
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• 2014

표본 기반 초해상도(Super Resolution 이하 SR) 방법들 중 네이버 임베딩(Neighbor Embedding 이하 NE) 기법의 기본 원리는 지역적 선형 임베딩이라는 매니폴드 학습방법의 개념과 같다. 그러나, 네이버 임베딩은 국부 학습 데이터 집합의 크기가 너무 작기 때문에 이에 따른 빈약한 일반화 능력으로 인하여 알고리즘의 성능을 크게 저하시킨다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 일반화 능력이 뛰어난 Support Vector Regression(이하 SVR)을 이용한 Sparse-Neighbor 영상 표현 학습 방법에 기반한 새로운 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 저해상도 입력 영상이 주어지면 bicubic 보간법을 이용하여 확대된 영상을 얻고, 이 확대된 영상으로부터 패치를 얻은 후 저주파 패치인지 고주파 패치 인지를 판별한 후 각 영상 패치의 가중치를 얻은 후 두 개의 SVR을 훈련하였으며 훈련된 SVR을 이용하여 고해상도의 해당 화소 값을 예측하였다. 실험을 통하여 제안된 기법이 기존의 보간법 및 네이버 임베딩 기법 등에 비해 정량적인 척도 및 시각적으로 향상된 결과를 보여 주었다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2014년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.733-735
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• 2014

표본기반 초해상도(Super Resolution 이하 SR) 기법은 데이터베이스에 저장된 고해상도 영상의 패치와 저해상도 영상의 패치 사이에 대응관계를 이용하여, 저해상도의 입력영상에 가장 유사한 고해상도 패치를 덧붙여서 고해상도를 구성하는 방식이다. 이러한 방식은 한 장의 영상만으로 고해상도 영상을 얻을 수 있고, 위의 과정을 반복하여 2배 이상의 확대된 영상을 얻을 수 있어서 기존의 고전적 SR의 문제점을 해결할 수 있다. 표본기반 SR의 방법들 중 네이버 임베딩(Neighbor Embedding 이하 NE) 기법의 기본 원리는 지역적 선형 임베딩이라는 매니폴드 학습방법의 개념과 같다. 그러나 네이버 임베딩의 빈약한 일반화 능력으로 인하여 알고리즘의 성능을 크게 저하시킨다. 이유는 국부학습 데이터 집합의 크기가 너무 작아서 NE 알고리즘의 성능을 현저히 저하시킨다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해서 일반화 능력이 뛰어난 Support Vector Regression(이하 SVR)기반 개선된 NE를 제안하였다. 저해상도 입력 패치가 주어지면 SVR 기반 개선된 NE를 이용하여 고해상도의 해당 화소 값을 예측하였다. 실험을 통하여 제안된 기법이 기존의 보간법 및 NE 기법 등에 비해 정량적인 척도 및 시각적으로 향상된 결과를 보여 주었다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2014

Purpose - Franchise industries are significant both socially and economically. However, with increasing interest, there are manifold problems. It is necessary to seek measures for mature operation constantly despite unprepared franchisors, negative perceptions of the media and society toward franchise, and rapid changes in business start-up trends and propensity to consume that make business start-ups difficult. The paper aims to explain the effects of relational commitment and performance on the franchisor's management characteristics and justice in the food service franchise system. Research design, data, and methodology - This is an exploratory survey examining franchising in Korea. Based on a literature synthesis, we extract five constructs: managerial characteristics, support, fairness, trust, and satisfaction. We hypothesize that these factors influence the trust, satisfaction, and performance of franchisees. To examine these hypotheses empirically, we conducted a survey on the database of the Franchising Council of Korea. The study employs data from May to September 2014. In total, 135 completed questionnaires were received, of which 128 were usable. The data was analyzed with SPSS/PC 22.0. First, to test unidimensionality and nomological validity of the measures of each construct, we employed a scale refinement procedure. The result of a reliability test with Cronbach's α and factor analysis warranted unidimensionality of the measures for each construct. In addition, nomological validity of the measures was warranted from the result of the correlation and regression analysis. By analyzing the data, we can confirm most hypotheses. Results - Frist, franchisor characteristics have a positive effect on trust and satisfaction. Second, franchisor fairness has an effect on trust and satisfaction. Third, franchisor support has an effect on satisfaction. Further, the franchisee trust has an effect on satisfaction. Fourth, the satisfaction of a franchisee with a franchisor affects the performance of a franchisee. Finally, there is a possibility that not only franchisee performance but also increasing the credibility and improving the image of the franchisor through communication between franchisor and franchisee can improve franchisees' performance and satisfaction by motivating the franchisee for sustainable growth. Franchisers should endeavor for franchisees to obtain stable revenue with continuous and practical support. They should recognize that they can expand their business by supporting their franchisees. Franchisors should not only instantly respond to franchisees' troubles with interactive communications but also raise the ability of supervisors for better support. Franchisors should share their visions and goals with their franchisees and provide systematic and continuous support based on trust and clear company management. Franchisees should understand franchisors' position as well as participate in establishing the basic franchise system. Contributions - The paper contributes to understanding franchising in Korea. It offers insights and assistance to franchisors hoping to start franchises. This paper explores measurement issues related to franchisee performance by estimating its determinant factors (managerial characteristics, support, fairness, trust, and satisfaction). This study provides franchisors and practitioners planning to extend their franchising business with some practical knowledge.