• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.389-406
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• 2004

최근 지역 연구의 활성화와 더불어 지역 자료의 중요성이 점점 강조되고 있다. 그런데 실제 이용가능한 지역 자료의 공간단위는 연구 분석을 위한 기능지역 단위와 일치하지 않는 경우가 종종 발생하며, 이로 인해 발생하는 문제를 해결하기 위해 이용가능한 지역 단위 자료를 연구 분석을 위한 공간 단위로 재구성하는 방법이 요구된다. 본 연구는 면적 가중치 내삽법, pycnophylactic 방법, dasymetric 방법, Area-to-point 내삽법 등을 검토하고 도시지역 자료의 효율적인 재구성 방법으로 면적 가중치 내삽법을 수정하여 인구 가중치 내삽법(population weighted interpolation)을 제안하였다. 인구 가중치 내삽법은 미국 뉴욕주 이리 카운티(Erie County)를 연구 사례로 면적 가중치 방법 pycnophylactic 방법을 RMS 에러, 자료 분포 유형, 공간 자기상관의 측면에서 비교되었다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2014

The source parameters of four earthquakes with magnitude larger than 4.0 nearby the offshore Sinan are analyzed. The waveform inversion method is used for analyzing the source parameters of two events (20 August 2012 and 21 April 2013) with C&B and AK135-c crustal velocity structure models. The source parameters of the other two events (26 July 1994 and 23 March 2003) are obtained from references. Focal mechanisms of the events are strike slip faulting or strike slip faulting with a thrust component. The directions of P-axes of the events are ENE-WSW or NE-SW which are similar to previous studies on P-axes in and around the Korean peninsula. With regard to the events nearby the offshore Sinan, the regional stress, rather than being local stress, is seen to be the result of the combination of tectonic forces from the compression of plates colliding to the Eurasian Plate.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2014

Vulnerable areas by non-point source pollution and prioritizing control areas were researched using hydrological and geomorphological data, non-point source loads, and water quality data. Using overlay analysis, vulnerable areas were graded with various scenarios. Vulnerable areas were selected near the metro city with impermeable landuse because non-point source loads and water quality data had influence on overlay analysis to rank vulnerable area. Analysis scenarios and weighted values can be changed under regional characteristics and given conditions.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.591-605
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• 2010

This study were to simulate major criteria air pollutants and estimate regional source-receptor relationship using air quality prediction model (TAPM ; The Air Pollution Model) in the Seoul Metropolitan area. Source-receptor relationship was estimated by contribution of each region to other regions and region itself through dividing the Seoul metropolitan area into five regions. According to administrative boundary, region I and region II were Seoul and Incheon in order. Gyeonggi was divided into three regions by directions like southern(region III), northern(IV) and eastern(V) area. Gridded emissions ($1km{\times}1km$) by Clean Air Pollicy Support System (CAPSS) of National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) was prepared for TAPM simulation. The operational weather prediction system, Regional Data Assimilation and Prediction System (RDAPS) operated by the Korean Meteorology Administration (KMA) was used for the regional weather forecasting with 30km grid resolution. Modeling period was 5 continuous days for each season with non-precipitation. The results showed that region I was the most air-polluted area and it was 3~4 times more polluted region than other regions for $NO_2$, $SO_2$ and PM10. Contributions of $SO_2$ $NO_2$ and PM10 to region I, II and III were more than 50 percent for their own sources. However region IV and V were mostly affected by sources of region I, II and III. When emissions of all regions were assumed to reduce 10 and 20 percent separately, air pollution of each region was reduced linearly and the contributions of reduction scenario were similar to those of base case. As input emissions were reduced according to different ratio - region I 40 percent, region II and III 20 percent, region IV and V 10 percent, air pollutions of region I and III were decreased remarkably. The contributions to region I, II, III were also reduced for their own sources. However, region I, II and III affected more regions IV and V. Shortly, graded reduction of emission could be more effective to control air pollution in emission imbalanced area.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.375-383
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• 2012

Soil erosion has been emphasized as serious environmental problem affecting water quality in the receiving waterbodies. Recently, Best Management Practices (BMPs) have been applied at a field to reduce soil erosion and its effectiveness in soil erosion reduction has been monitored with various methods. Although monitoring at fields/watershed outlets would be accurate way for these ends, it is not possible at some fields/watersheds due to various limitations in direct monitoring. Thus modeling has been suggested as an alternative way to evaluate effects of the BMPs. Most models, which have been used in evaluating hydrology and water quality at a watershed, could not reflect rainfall intensity in runoff generation and soil erosion processes. In addition, source codes of these models are not always public for modification/enhancement. Thus, runoff-sediment evaluation system using hourly rainfall data and vegetated filter strip (VFS) evaluation module at field level were developed using open source MapWindow GIS component in this study. This evaluation system was applied to Bangdongri, Chuncheonsi to evaluate its prediction ability and VFS module in this study. The NSE and $R^2$ values for runoff estimation were 0.86 and 0.91, respectively, and measured and simulated sediment yield were 15.2 kg and 16.5 kg indicating this system, developed in this study, can be used to simulate runoff and sediment yield with acceptable accuracies. Nine VFS scenarios were evaluated for effectiveness of soil erosion reduction. Reduction efficiency of the VFS was high when sediment inflow was small. As shown in this study, this evaluation system can be used for evaluation BMPs with local rainfall intensity and variations considered with ease-of-use GIS interface.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.682-688
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• 2009

A plane field and a sloped field located at low-land plane and alpine areas, respectively, were monitored with respect to runoff, water quality and fertilizer uses from March to December, 2008. Runoff volume and Non-Point Source (NPS) loads were estimated and analyzed with respect to fertilizer uses. Total TN and TP loads from the sloped field were higher than those from plane field because of larger chemical uses in the alpine field than in the plane field. Organic matter load from plane field was higher than that from sloped field because more organic compost was applied to plane field than to sloped field. Event Mean Concentration (EMC) of measured water quality indices were relatively higher in both fields. Organic matter load per 1 mm rainfall were higher in plane field and TN and TP loads per 1 mm rainfall were higher in sloped field than those in respective comparing field. It was concluded that the type and application method of fertilizer could play an important role in the estimation of NPS pollution loads and the development of Best Management Practices (BMPs). However, it was recommended that long-term monitoring is necessary to better describe the relationship between fertilizer uses and water quality from agricultural fields because numerous natural and management factors other than fertilizer also affect runoff quality.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2015

It has been well known that it is not easy to quantify pollutant loads driven by non-point source pollution due to various factors affecting generation and transport mechanism of it. Especially pollutant loads through baseflow have been investigated by limited number of researchers. Thus in this study, the Web-based WAPLE (WHAT-Pollutant Load Estimation) system was developed and applied at study watersheds to quantify baseflow contribution of pollutant. In YbB watershed, baseflow contribution with WWTP discharge is responsible for 49.5% of total pollutant loads at the watershed. Among these, pollutant loads through baseflow (excluding any WWTP discharge) is responsible for 61.7% of it. In GbA watershed, it was found that 58.4% is contributed by baseflow with WWTP discharge 2.9% and 97.1% is by baseflow. For NbB watershed (without WWTP discharge), 52.3% of pollutant load is transported through baseflow. As shown in this study, it was found that over 50.0% of TN (Total Nitrogen) pollutant loads are contributed by non-direct runoff. Thus pollutant loads contributed by baseflow and WWTP discharge as well as direct runoff contribution should be quantified to develop and implement watershed-specific Best Management Practices during dry period.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 사면 붕괴 위험을 사전에 신속히 감지하고 정확한 판단으로 예·경보를 발령할 수 있는 비교적 저렴하고 효율적인 사면 붕괴 예측 시스템을 개발하기 위하여 암반 발파시험을 통한 지중변위센서의 적용성을 고찰하였다. 발파실험에서 발파원과 가까운 곳에 위치한 센서가 발파에 따른 암반 내부 파쇄로 인해 큰 변위값을 나타내고 발파원과 떨어진 곳에 위치한 센서는 비교적 작은 변형량을 나타냈으나 계측기의 위치보다는 암반 불연속면의 분포 양상과 발파로 인한 사면 내부의 암반의 거동이 보다 더 지중변위센서에서 계측되는 변위값에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 유선 및 무선 type의 지중변위센서 시스템은 암반사면 거동 계측에 활용 가능한 시스템임을 확인하였으며, 사면 붕괴 예측용 조기경보 시스템 구축에 필요한 기초 자료로서 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2015

Numerous digital image analysis techniques have been developed with regard to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with the help of programming. DigitalMicrograph (DM, Gatan Inc., USA), which is installed on most TEMs as operational software, includes a script language to develop customized software for image analysis. Based on the DM script language, this work provides a script source listing for quantitative strain measurements based on a geometric phase analysis.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2000

Transboundary air pollution has recently become an area of increasing scientific interest and political concern as countries are receiving air pollutants from their neighbors. In order to gain a better understanding of the long-range transport processes of air pollutants and the source-receptor relationships among neighboring countries, an atmospheric transport model coupled with a RAMS(Regional Atmospheric Modeling System) model was applied to the East Asia region during the entire month of January 1993. The scalar transport option of the RAMS model was used to calculate special atmospheric constituents such as trace gases or aerosols. The sulfate production in clouds and rainwater and its removal processes by dry and wet deposition were considered. The sulfate budget from source regions to receptor regions was estimated by analysing the source-receptor relationships. When a specific receptor site revealed a sulfate value higher than the sulfate concentration based on its own source origin, this was taken to indicate long-range transport from another source region. The contribution ratio from various source region was calculated. The contribution ratio of dry and wet deposition was higher on the main continent of the East region. Furthermore, the high deposition amounts were identified on the west coast of Korea and the East China Sea.