• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.267-278
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• 2022

Recently Flood damage volume has increased as heavy rain has frequently occurred. Especially urban areas are a vulnerability to flooding damage because of densely concentrated population and property. A local government is preparing to mitigate flood damage through the heavy rain warning issued by Korea Meteorological Administration. This warning classification is identical for a national scale. However, Seoul has 25 administrative districts with different regional characteristics such as climate, topography, disaster prevention state, and flood damage severity. This study considered the regional characteristics of 25 administrative districts to analyze the flood vulnerability using entropy weight and Euclidean distance. The rainfall classification was derived based on probability rainfall and flood damage rainfall that occurred in the past. The result shows the step 2 and step 4 of rainfall classification was not significantly different from the heavy rain classification of the Korea Meteorological Administration. The flood vulnerability is high with high climate exposure and low adaptability to climate change, and the rainfall classification is low in the northern region of Seoul. It is possible to preemptively respond to floods in the northern region of Seoul based on relatively low rainfall classification. In the future, we plan to review the applicability of rainfall forecast data using the rainfall classification of results from this study. These results will contribute to research for preemptive flood response measures.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.51-71
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• 2023

Based on the challenges encountered in the urban regeneration projects (general neighborhood-type) of Anjung District and Sinjang District in Pyeongtaek City, this study aims to explore the key factors of improvement measures for urban regeneration projects. Using the first survey conducted among shopping mall owners, employees, and residents, this study finds a significant level of awareness and very strong needs for urban regeneration projects. On the other hand, the overall satisfaction levels are observed to be low across the three factors: social, economic, and cultural. The second expert survey and the subsequent Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis conducted for improvement measures reveal notable discrepancies in the prioritization of factors between administrative experts and practical experts. For the importance of administrative experts, the establishment of network-type regional governance was ranked first for the importance, followed by hosting events related to the U.S. military and long-term pre-market operations, and expanding exchange and cooperation between the U.S. Forces Korea and the community. For the importance of working-level experts, hosting U.S. military-related events and long-term pre-market operations was ranked first, while supporting U.S. military-related festivals and developing local natural landscape resources was ranked second. Our findings suggest the need for proactive measures such as attracting commercial facilities to stimulate demand from both the U.S. military and local residents, thereby revitalizing general neighborhood-type urban regeneration projects, developing programs for local tourism, and operating pre-market operations in the long run. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of regional government cooperation for urban regeneration projects.

• 지역과문화
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-26
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• 2017

The 21st century recognizes culture as a high value-added strategic industry as it is called the culture era, and the cultural industry plays a role in driving regional economic development by raising the value added of other industries due to various ripple effects. As the institutional apparatus for developing such cultural industry, the Culture Industry Promotion Basic Law was enacted. Based on this, the Central Government designated the Jung-gu Dong and Seo-gu Dong as the Cultural Industry Promotion District of Andong City in 2010 but it has not been activated until 2017. The purpose of this study is understanding the situation and problems of the Cultural Industry Promotion District of Andong city and to discuss the direction of development. The research methods were analyzed by using questionnaires using AHP analysis technique for experts and practitioners related to culture industry. SPSS 23 was used for the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, and VBA was used for weighting and consistency index calculation in AHP analysis. As a result in the upper layer, Economy efficiency was found to be the most important factor of the three upper layer factors (Economy, Publicity, and Sociality) in order to activate the Cultural Industry Promotion District of Andong city. In the case of the Lieutenant layer, it is analyzed that the Job Creation is an important factor in the Economy category, the Settlement and Environment for Cultural Industry in the Publicity category, and the Activation of Urban Culture Activity in the Sociality category. As a result of analyzing the direction of promotion of the Cultural Industry Promotion District of Andong City centered on these factors, it concluded that the industry related to performance should be focused.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.3-17
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• 2024

Despite extensive discussions on the repercussions of the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic, there is a lack of analysis on the relationships and changes in relationships between business districts Therefore, this study aims to understand the impact of COVID-19 on retail business districts in Seoul by considering the geographical dependency and interactions of these districts. Using data from the fourth quarters of 2019 to 2021 for 1,490 retail business districts in Seoul, we employed the 3-Stage Least Squares (3SLS) estimation method for simultaneous equation modeling to empirically examine how spatial dependencies among retail business districts in Seoul have evolved due to the influence of COVID-19. The results indicate the existence of spatial dependence among retail business districts in Seoul, with developmental districts exerting a negative influence on nearby districts. Furthermore, the analysis reveals changes in dependency patterns after the onset of COVID-19, interpreted as a decrease in commercial activities in developmental districts due to the impact of the pandemic. The significance of this study lies in providing new insights into Seoul's retail business districts through a spatially dependent analysis, offering a foundation for various stakeholders, including government, local authorities, and small business owners, to respond appropriately to changes in business districts by considering their interrelationships.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.121-144
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• 2024

This study analyzes how the academic achievement of students in Korea changes as they transition from 4th grade of elementary school to 2nd grade of middle school, considering that the 4th graders in the previous TIMSS cycle become 2nd graders in the next cycle. In particular, this study selects and compares the eight main countries in the TIMSS math evaluation (Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Japan, USA, UK, Australia, and Russia) to analyze the trend of change in academic achievement of Korean students according to school grade transition. The trend of change in academic achievement of students was analyzed not only overall but also by content area (number, geometry and measurement, data representation (data and probability/data and probability), gender, and regional scale. The analysis focused on the average score and the proportion of students by achievement level. The results of the study are as follows. First, there was no significant change in the average score of Korean students' academic achievement as the school grade transitioned, but the achievement gap widened in terms of the proportion by achievement level. Second, there were differences in students' academic achievement by content area according to school grade transition, and the pattern differed depending on the evaluation cycle. Third, there was a significant gap in students' math academic achievement depending on gender and regional scale of school location. This study reveals that the achievement gap among students in our country widens as they transition between school levels. The gap is found to vary in terms of achievement level, math content area, student gender, and school location. To alleviate these disparities, more substantial research and support are proposed in addition to policy implementation by the government or provincial offices of education.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.599-609
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• 2024

The government has introduced the Regional Innovation System (RIS) to establish regional innovation platforms, leading to the creation of the Bio-PRIDE shared university in the Chungbuk region, centered around the bio-health industry. The purpose of this study is to analyze the educational service quality of the Bio-PRIDE shared university through a qualitative approach. To achieve this, in-depth exploration of the experiences of students participating in the Bio-PRIDE shared university was conducted using Focus Group Interviews (FGI) and telephone interviews. The study identified three main findings: 1) Motivations for student participation included recommendations and support from professors, economic benefits and scholarships, the flexibility and convenience of remote learning, and the appeal of new learning experiences and challenges. 2) Experiences during participation revealed themes such as the effectiveness and challenges of remote classes, the value of providing up-to-date technology and content, student engagement and commitment, and communication and support from faculty. 3) The impact of participation after completing the program highlighted the importance of innovative learning experiences and expanded choices, the significance of information accessibility and learning support, the need for improved promotion and awareness of the shared university, and the necessity for administrative support and communication. In conclusion, the Bio-PRIDE shared university has successfully implemented educational innovation, offering students new learning experiences and contributing to the broadening of their academic perspectives. This study will serve as a foundational resource for improving the educational service quality and ensuring the successful operation of the Bio-PRIDE shared university in the future.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.429-435
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• 2014

In general, Introducing of the Designated Manager System (DMS) of public facilities has been promoted as part of administrative reforms for planning improvement of service for customers by a private and budget cuts of operations management. DMS has begun to be introduced to the public marina facilities in earnest in 2006, it is evaluated positive about efficiency in terms of business(budget cuts). However, there is no discussion about efficiency (likes service satisfaction of client-side) from the marina whose major job is service. The primary purpose of this study is to clarify the benefits and challenges as a result of the Designated Manager System (DMS) launch implemented by local governments, following the relevant amendments to the Local Government Law. The second purpose is to clarify, from the viewpoint of users, what changes have taken place after the DMS launch, focusing on public marinas operated under the DMS. As for the primary purpose, the study is intended to clarify the economic benefits of the DMS and the significance of the DMS launch at a prefectural government level. This will help us assess whether it would be worthwhile to encourage private companies or non-profit organizations (NPO) to participate in the management and operation of public facilities under the DMS scheme. Most of the studies to date have examined the benefits of the DMS launch, focusing on the economic benefits for local governments. This study is intended to clarify the benefits and disadvantages to users of the DMS launch from the viewpoint of users.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.83-105
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• 2017

In contemporary society interest in and consumption of beauty treatment are increasing, raising interest in health and beauty. However, beauty-related laws are becoming factors of hindrance of beauty development. Currently the Public Health Control Act plays a basic role in the beauty art business in Korea, However the contents are in discord with international laws and its definition is not clear. Therefore it is causing conflicts of different occupations and job associations which are similar to art business. Especially, because neither definitions nor policies on beauty care devices exist in the Public Health Control Act, beauty care devices using in foreign countries cannot be used in Korea due to classification as medical devices. Under this circumstance, therefore, beauty care device uses by beauty artists violate the law. The government has tried to solve these irrational regulations. Recently, the Small and Medium Business Administration announced 'the improvement plan of small business and young founders site regulation for public economy recovery' in a ministerial meeting on December 28, 2016. Regulations on policy preparation for skincare devices were inclusive in this announcement. It is the question whether the regulations will be executed or not. Even though beauty industrial competitiveness was presented in the 18th Presidential Council on National Competitiveness in 2009, it was not practiced. The proposal bills for beauty law improvement have been put forth several times since 2000 including an improvement plan for regulating beauty care devices. However, so far there have been no improvements. The damage on the regulation classifying beauty devices as medical devices is not only restricted to skincare. This develops beauty devices and the beauty industry which imports and exports beauty devices. When beauty devices are exported, complicated procedures are unavoidable and when beauty devices are imported, irrational problems like reregistration procedures and costs occur. The reason why an improvement plan has not gone into practice is the resistance of the dermatologists' association. Dermatologists tend to stand positively against harming public health by saying that beauty devices used by beauty artists cause people to suffer side effects. In contrast, anyone who has a licence to use beauty devices is able to use them in foreign countries. It is not only infringement of one's right as a beauty artist but also people's right to receive beauty care services. With this reason, Korean's current law under which beauty devices are ruled as medical devices should be revised with accordance to domestic surroundings. Therefore in order to advance and globalize the beauty industry, the support and cooperation of the Korean government and relevant associations is needed to legislate and revise the beauty devices laws. The relevant associations abandon regional self-centeredness and cooperate to define ranges, size and management of beauty devices for safe use. If no collaboration exists, an arbitration agency should be established to solve the problem.

• Strategy21
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• s.31
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• pp.5-26
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• 2013

The South Korean society has experienced many changes since the sinking of ROKS Cheonan. The government reviewed its defense posture and adopted the 5·24 Measure in its relations with North Korea. As a result, the people of South Korea became more conscious of security situations on the Korean peninsula while North Korea's economy suffered badly. Meanwhile, the South Korean government has taken a flexible stance toward North Korea in terms of exchange and cooperation since September 2011. The flexible stance was to manage inter-Korea relations in a stable manner and relieve the hardships of the North Korean people while preserving the spirits and purposes of the 5·24 Measure. The UN Security Council adopted twenty-six resolutions and statements on North Korea since June 25, 1950. They include thirteen U.N. Security Council resolutions including those concerning nuclear weapons or missile programs, nine Presidential statements, and four press statements. Resolution 82, the first U.N. resolution on North Korea, came when the Korean War broke out. Resolution 825, the first one related to nuclear or missile programs, was adopted in response to North Korea's withdrawal from the NPT. Apart from these U.N. resolutions, the United States has imposed separate sanctions against North Korea. North Korea's nuclear weapons program can be considered in comparison with that of Iran in terms of the consequences they create for the regional security. The Security Council has adopted six resolutions on Iran so far. One should note that the resolutions on Iran have had much stronger sanctions compared to those imposed on North Korea. That is, while the North Korea case may be viewed as a more serious threat to international security from the perspective of nuclear weapons development or proliferation, tougher sanctions have been placed on Iran. There are two approaches that South Korea should take in addressing the related issues. First, we should aim to reduce the gap between sanctions imposed on Iran and North Korea. It is difficult to understand that a country with more serious problems is rewarded with lighter sanctions. We should take measures through the Security Council Sanctions Committee to make individuals and groups in North Korea that play a central role in developing nuclear weapons and missiles subject to additional sanctions. Second, we have to change. Other countries in the international community have become tired of North Korea's nuclear issue and now they look to South Korea for initiative. We should correctly understand this current situation and play a leading role within our capacity. Knowingly and unknowingly, the notion that the North Korean nuclear issue may be left to South Korea has been spread around the international community. Although the situation is grave, we should try to open a new horizon in ushering in the unification era by taking the initiative with confidence that there is a looming hope ahead of us. For these tasks, we should stop thinking in the old way that has been ossified for the last two decades. We should not be pushed around by neighboring great powers in dealing with North Korea related issues anymore; we should take the initiative with resolution that we will play our role at the center of four great powers and with confidence that we can do it. Based on the confidence that the Republic of Korea has become a country with enough capacity to take the initiative, we should establish a 'National Grand Strategy' representing South Korea's strategic vision that the unification is the ultimate solution to the problems related to North Korea's nuclear weapons program.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.231-248
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• 2014

The role of the foreign direct investment is very crucial for the regional economic growth nowadays. The inward FDI in Korea has been increased since the Act of foreigner investment promotion in 1998. The municipal and national government have designated the special industrial zones and supported the diverse incentives for the foreign investment companies. The service sector had a large share of inward FDI. However, manufacturing sector overtook the service sector as the largest FDI in 2009. This study focuses on the greenfield manufacturing FDI, which was established from 1999 to 2012 in Korea. In order to find out the impacts of low-priced industrial electricity and loose environmental regulations on choosing Korea, this paper did in-depth interviews with MOTIE, Korea industrial complex, Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency, some FDI companies. Investment incentives such as low price of domestic industrial electricity strongly affect why manufacturing FDI companies choose Korea to invest. The Korean government has also acknowledges that low-price policy can internationally compete to attract FDI. There is a possibility that FDI energy-guzzling industrial companies may choose for Korea to use the low-priced electricity, raising the issue of supply-demand of electricity of Korea in the future.