• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 1974

The purpose of this study is to obtain the horizontal magnification rate of orthopantomography. The subjects were consisted of 30 Korean adults who had Angle's classification I occlusion by using measuring wire set On the incisal edges of anterior teeth and the occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars along the dental arch. The results are as follows; 1. The average rate of total magnification was 115%. 2. The average rates of local magnification were the anterior teeth region was 90%, the canine region was 96%, the premolar region was 104%, the 1st molar region was 117% and the 2nd molar region was 124%.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.79-89
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• 2012

Objectives: Sahrmann, an American physical therapist, has developed a set of movement-related diagnoses on musculoskeletal pain syndromes (MPS). We reviewed articles for studies of objectification and quantification of Oriental medicine diagnosis system about MPS. Methods: The authors reviewed a total of 12 studies found on PubMed to obtain movement system impairment (MSI)-based classification categories. Results: The MSI system has been developed for objectification and quantification of physical therapists' MPS diagnoses. The MSI system of classification is based on the basic premise that loss of precise movement is the result of specific repetitive movements and positions in everyday life. The MSI system defines 8 categories in the shoulder region, 5 in the lumbar region, and 7 in the knee region. Treatment involves (1) educating the person about the specific directions of alignment and movement that appear to be contributing to the musculoskeletal problem, (2) modifying the direction - specific alignment and movement patterns during daily activities, and (3) exercises to address the impairments. Conclusions: The authors propose that MSI studies could help to advance an Oriental medical diagnosis system on musculoskeletal pain syndromes, because MSI shares similarity with Oriental medicine in terms of holism, views of constant motion, and mi-byung (subhealth) treatment.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.123-130
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to characterize the relationship of the angulation between the tooth root axis and alveolar bone axis with anterior alveolar(AA) arch forms and sagittal root position (SRP) in the anterior esthetic region using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Materials and Methods: CBCT images that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were categorized using a recent classification of AA arch forms and a SRP classification. Then, the angulation of the root axis and the alveolar bone axis was measured using mid-sagittal CBCT images of each tooth. The relationships of the angulation with each AA arch form and SRP classification were evaluated using 1-way analysis of variance and a linear regression model. Results: Ninety-eight CBCT images were included in this study. SRP had a greater influence than the AA arch form on the angulation of the root axis and the alveolar bone axis(P<0.05). However, the combination of AA arch form and SRP was more predictive of the angulation of the root axis and the alveolar bone axis than either parameter individually. Conclusion: The angulation of the root axis and alveolar bone axis demonstrated a relationship with the AA arch form and SRP in teeth in the anterior esthetic region. The influence of SRP was greater, but the combination of both parameters was more predictive of root-to-bone angulation than either parameter individually, implying that clinicians should account for both the AA arch form and SRP when planning implant placement procedures in this region.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.41-53
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• 2007

The Baekdudaegan Mountain Range is a backbone of the Korean Peninsula which carries special spiritual and sentimental signatures for Koreans as well as significant ecological values for diverse organisms. However, in spite of importance of this region, the forests of Baekdudaegan have been damaged in a variety of human activities by being used as highland vegetable grower, lumber region, grass land, and bare land, and are still undergoing destruction. The existing researches had determined the details of the damage through on-site and recent observations. Such methods cannot provide quantitative and integrated analysis therefore could not be utilized as objective data for the ecological conservation of Baekdudaegan forests. The goal of this study is to quantitatively analyze the forest damage in the Baekdudaegan preservation region through land cover categorization and change detection techniques by using satellite images, which are 1980s, and 1990s Landsat TM, and 2000s Landsat ETM+. The analysis was executed by detecting land cover changed areas from forest to others and analyzing changed areas' spatial patterns. Through the change detection analysis based on land cover classification, we found out that the deforested areas were approximately three times larger after the 1990s than from the 1980s to the 1990s. These areas were related to various topographical and spatial elements, altitude, slope, the distance form road, and water system, etc. This study has the significance as quantitative and integrated analysis about the Baekdudaegan preservation region since 1980s. These results could actually be utilized as basic data for forest conservation policies and the management of the Baekdudaegan preservation region.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.85-95
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• 1997

After performing the auricular acupuncture therapy for the functional headache, we came to gain the following therapy effects. 1. In the whole of the patients of the functional headache, housewives of forties were most of all. 2. In the classification of mordern medicine on the patients of the functional headache, muscular contractional headache was most of all and in the classification of oriental differentiation of symtoms and signs(辨證), headache due to deficiency of blood(血虛頭痛) was most of all. 3. In the regional auricular acupuncture therapy for the functonal headache, Taiyang of auricular point(太陽點) had an effect on the lateral headache around the area of Taiyang of auricular point(太陽點) though the actions of sedation, analgesia, Neck of auricular point(頸點) had an effect on the muscular contractional headache of the occipital region, and Stomach of auricular point(胃點) had an effect on the headache of stagnation of phlegm(痰濁頭痛) of anterior region with a chronic digestive disease. 4. The average treatment times of the auricular acupuncture therapy in the patients of the functional headache was 4.08 times, if we have them take auricular acupuncture therapy about 4 times it could be thought to take excellent effect of treatment. 5. The effect of auricular acupuncture therapy for functional headache was turned out to be effective in the following orders ; lateral region(Group A), occipital region(Group B), anterior region(group C). Through the clinical consequences of therapy mentioned above, we came to confirm regular therapeuric effects and hereafter, it is considered that a clinical comparative study on oriental cure and auricular acupuncture therapy for headache has to be more progressed than now.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.78-88
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• 2003

A novel adaptive error concealment technique is proposed using a variable operating region algorithm based on MPEG-4 coding. In the algorithm, a missing block is classified as flat or edge block based on local information from the surrounding blocks extracted using a Sobel operation in a variable operating region (VOR). In this case, the VOR is determined adaptively according to the number of edge directions in the missing block. 1;sing the classification, the flat blocks are then concealed by the Proposed mean based weighted bilinear interpolation (MWBLI) method, and the edge blocks by the boundary directional interpolation (BDI) method. Consequently, the use of the Proposed VOR improves the subjective performance in a curved edge region, while the adaptive processing based on block classification improves the objective performance. Experimental results confirmed that the proposed algorithm produced better results than conventional algorithms, both subjectively and objectively.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.45-59
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• 2015

The urban-rural consolidated city has emerged in order to promote the balanced development of urban region and rural region. Targeted 11 urban-rural consolidated cities in Gyeonggi Province, this paper investigated the changes of economic space in accordance with the location of industrial activities. The number of establishments has increased in all cities. From the analysis of the changes in the economic space divided into urban regions and rural regions, concentration phenomenon of economic activities in urban regions was strengthened in 9 cities with the exception of Icheon-si and Anseong-si. Concentration of economic activities in urban region was noticeable in Namyangju-si, Pocheon-si, and Yongin-si. 5 types were derived from the classification on the basis of locational changes of economic activities in urban region and rural region. They are 1) urban-rural gap deepen type, 2) urban region growth slowdown type, 3) rural region growth type, 4) urban-rural balanced growth type, and 5) urban region-led growth type. While urban-rural gap of the cities close to highly urbanized city or metropolis has intensified, the growth of urban region was weakened in the cities located away from the metropolis.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.907-910
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• 1998

In this paper, we present a comparative performance analysis of several blocking artifact reduction algorithms. For the performance analysis, we propose a block boundary region classification algorithm which classifies each horizontal and vertical block boundary into four regions using brightness change near the block boundary. The PSNR performance of each algorithm is compared. The MSE according to each block boundary region is also compared. Experimental results show that the wavelet transform based blocking artifact reduction algorithms have better performance over the other methods.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.97-103
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• 2009

The status and the property of a tongue are the important indicators to diagnose one's health like physiological and clinicopathological changes of inner organs. However, the tongue diagnosis is affected by examination circumstances like a light source, patient's posture, and doctor's condition. To develop an automatic tongue diagnosis system for an objective and standardized diagnosis, classifying tongue coating is inevitable but difficult since the features like color and texture of the tongue coatings and substance have little difference, especially in the neighborhood on the tongue surface. The proposed method has two procedures; the first is to acquire the color table to classify tongue coatings and substance by automatically separating coating regions marked by oriental medical doctors, decomposing the color components of the region into hue, saturation and brightness and obtaining the 2nd order discriminant with statistical data of hue and saturation corresponding to each kind of tongue coatings, and the other is to apply the tongue region in an input image to the color table, resulting in separating the regions of tongue coatings and classifying them automatically. As a result, kinds of tongue coatings and substance were segmented from a face image corresponding to regions marked by oriental medical doctors and the color table for classification took hue and saturation values as inputs and produced the classification of the values into white coating, yellow coating and substance in a digital tongue diagnosis system. The coating regions classified by the proposed method were almost the same to the marked regions. The exactness of classification was 83%, which is the degree of correspondence between what Oriental medical doctors diagnosed and what the proposed method classified. Since the classified regions provide effective information, the proposed method can be used to make an objective and standardized diagnosis and applied to an ubiquitous healthcare system. Therefore, the method will be able to be widely used in Oriental medicine.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.428-439
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• 2010

Map of geographical names can give us information for understanding of region because geographical name reflects regional perception of human. This study aimed to make an web-based map by constructing database of geographical names. Main contents carried out research on methods for classification of geographical names, database construction, and mapping on the website. Geographical name classified into four categories of the physical geography, culture and historical geography, economic geography, and the other and also, 18 sub-categories by classification criteria. Geographical name designed to input by collecting geographical names from paper-based maps and vernacular place names only known to the local region. Fields of database consisted of address, coordinates, geographical name(hangeul, hanja), classification, explanation, photographs. Map of geographical names can be represented with regional geographical information. The result of research is expected to offer information for distribution of geographical names as well as regional interpretation.