• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.1141-1149
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• 2003

Refractory industry in technologically advanced countries has long been on gradual decline due to leveled-off steel production and decreasing unit consumption of refractories for steel. Notable technological achievements by refractory industry that contributed significantly to steel production are briefly reviewed covering from blast furnace, basic oxygen furnace to continuous casting. Future possibility to revitalize the refractory industry is discussed on the basis of the review, taking into account opportunities available in environment and energy related sector of industries.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.86-92
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• 1986

As there is a growing trend to make high quality steel improving production efficiency and utilizing slag as resources the technologies of hot metal pretreatment have been progressed to meet these demands. Although mill scale $Na_2CO_3$ and CaO used as fluxes proved to be excellent agents then can severely corrode refractories such as chamotte and high alumina for torpedo or open ladle car. Thus it was considered necessary to develop new refractories which can endure suchy conditions. Desulfurization fluxes vastly used in POSCO are $CaCO_3$ and CaO Recent trials have been made by testing phenol resin bonded $Al_2O_3-SiC-C$ bricks in torpedo ladle car for hot metal pretreatment. The results showed that the life of this brick became about 1.2 times longer than that of foreign products. And the crushing strength M.O.R corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance were tested.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.3-13
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• 2021

In the secondary refining process for the production of high-grade steel, the proper composition is maintained by alloying elements, and non-metallic inclusions are controlled for high cleanliness. Complex reactions occur simultaneously between the molten steel, slag, inclusions, refractories, and alloying elements during the secondary refining process. Previous works have reported simulation models based on kinetics to predict the compositional changes in molten steel, slag, and inclusions in actual processes. Analytical reviews are required for the models to predict the process accurately. In this study, we reviewed and analyzed simulation models based on the coupled reaction model for the secondary refining process.