• Near Infrared Analysis
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2000

The purpose of this research was to develop a the reflection technique with near infrared (NIR) radiation for estimating soil components. NIR reflectance was scanned at 2nm intervals from 1100 to 2500nm with an InfraAlyzer 500 (Bran & Luebbe Co.). Over 400 soil sample from fields of different crops and land-use over Youngnam and Honam regions were used to obtain mean diffuse reflection of the soil for the calibration and validation of the calibration set in estimating moisture, organic matter (OM) and total nitrogen (T-N) of the soils. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to evaluate the correlation of NIR spectroscopy method. Reflection pattern of NIR spectra for finely sized sample (<0.5mm) and coarsely sized soil(<2mm) did not show much difference. The results showed that NIR spectroscopy and coarsely sized soil (<2mm) did not show much difference. The results showed that NIR spectroscopy could be used as a routine soil testing method in estimating OM, moisture, T-N in soil samples simultaneously.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.200-206
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• 2016

Images can be obtained by collecting rays from objects. The characteristics of electromagnetic wave propagation depend on the medium. In particular, in an underwater imaging system, the interface between air and water must be considered. Further, reflection and transmission coefficients can be found by using electromagnetic theory. Because of the fact that the values of these coefficients differ according to the media, the recorded light intensities will change. A color image sensor has three different color channels. Therefore, the reflection and transmission coefficients have to be calculated individually. Thereafter, by using these coefficients, we can compensate for the color information of underwater objects. In this paper, we present a method to compensate for the color information of underwater objects by using electromagnetic wave propagation theory. To prove our method, we conducted optical experiments and evaluated the quality of the compensated image by a metric known as mean square error.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.960-967
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• 2013

Shape recognition of solder ball bumps in a BGA (Ball Grid Array) is an important issue in flip chip bonding technology. In particular, the semiconductor industry has required faster and more accurate inspection of micron-size solder bumps in flip chip bonding as the density of balls has increased dramatically. The difficulty of this issue comes from specular reflection on the metal ball. Shape recognition of a metal ball is a very realproblem for computer vision systems. Specular reflection of the metal ball appears, disappears, or changes its image abruptly due to tiny movementson behalf of the viewer. This paper presents a practical shape recognition method for three dimensional (3-D) inspection of a BGA using a 5-step ring illumination device. When the ring light illuminates the balls, distinctive specularity images of the balls, which are referred to as "iso-slope contours" in this paper, are shown. By using a mathematical reflectance model, we can drive the 3-D shape information of the ball in aquantitative manner. The experimental results show the usefulness of the method for industrial application in terms of time and accuracy.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.177-186
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• 2011

We can expect reduction of the sunlight absorption quantity to a structure and an earth surface, a decline of the surface temperature and a decline of the heat transport volume in what there is a method I give the sunlight reflectance in the aspect to the surface of the building by painting sunlight high reflectance paint, and to reduce the sunlight absorption quantity to a structure and an earth surface and does so, and, in addition, a method high water retentivity of tree planting and the road surface of the city space uses evaporation latent heat of the water by making it, and to restrain a rise in temperature is thought about. and It is thought that I reduce the sunlight absorption quantity to not only the structure but also other structures and attention gathers to the reflexive reflector reflecting in the direction again and it is wide as a marker of a board and the clothing of the traffic sign and is used the incidence energy from a source of light for this reflexive reflector now by there is it and devises surface structure again, and controlling reflection directivity for the sunlight for the purpose of raising night visibility.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제54권9호
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• pp.539-546
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• 2005

This paper describes a method of building the probability grid map for an autonomous mobile robot using the ultrasonic DAF(data association filter). The DAF, which evaluates the association of each data with the rest and removes the data affected by the specular reflection effect, can improve the reliability of the data for the Probability grid map. This method is based on the evaluation of possibility that the acquired data are all from the same object. Namely, the data from specular reflection have very few possibilities of detecting the same object, so that they are excluded from the data cluster during the process of the DAF. Therefore, the uncertain data corrupted by the specular reflection and/or multi-path effect, are not used to update the probability map, and hence building a good quality of a grid map is possible even in a specular environment. In order to verify the effectiveness of the DAF, it was applied to the Bayesian model and the orientation probability model which are the typical ones of a grid map. We demonstrate the experimental results using a real mobile robot in the real world.

• 한국전자파학회지:전자파기술
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 1995

완전도체 스트립 회절격자에 의한 E-분극 산문제를 모멘트법을 이용하여 해석하였다. E분극의 경우는 청도 되는 표면전류밀도가 모서리 양 끝에서 매우 높을 것으로 추측된다. 이때 스트립에 청도되는 표면전류밀도는 차수가 0인 Ultraspherical 다항식의 급수와 적절한 모서리 경계조건을 만족하는 함수의 곱의 급수로 전개하였다. 전류밀도와 반사계수에 대한수직결과를 기존의 다른 수틀과 비교하였다. 본 논문의 수치결과가 기존의 다른 수를 사용했을 때 보다 기하학적 반사계수의 경도가 매우 빠르게 향상됨을 보였다. 기하학적 반사계수에서의 급변점 위치는 입사각, 스트립 폭 및 스트립 주기를 변화시킴으로써 이동시킬 수 있었다.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 1986

Following results about Y,M,C Mask are obtained by the Indirect-Screen Color Separation Method. We make use of experimental system which are in use for the student education. In the Camera-Back Method of reflection copy, the results are summerized as follows.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 우리는 레이저 변위 측정에서 보다 정밀한 측정(high precision)을 하기 위한 방법을 제시하였다. 제시한 기법은 측정하고자 하는 물체에서 반사되어 나오는 레이저 반사 신호 레벨의 변동에 의한 오차 원인을 찾아 이를 보상하는 방법이며 이를 레이저 변위 측정기에 적용하여 설계하였다.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.27-32
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• 2006

Applications for developed non-prism total station which can decides three dimensional position without prism are increasing in variety survey fields. However, distance measurement using non-prism method is lower accurate than prism method because laser strength reflected from materials is varied by angle of reflection and materials. Therefore, distance measured using non-prism total station by angle of reflection and materials is compared with that using pnsm method, and its characters are introduced applying non prism total station in topographic surveying.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1986

Friction Welds are formed by the mechanisms of diffusion as well as mechanical inter-locking. The severe plastic flow at the interface by the forge action of the process brings the subsurface so close together that detection of any unbounded area becomes very difficult. No reliable method is available so fat to determine the weld quality nondestructively. The paper presents an attempt to determine weld strength quantitatively using the ultrasonic pulseecho method. The new approach calculates the coefficient of reflection based on measured amplitudes of the echoes. This coefficient provides a single quantitative measurement which involves both acoustic energy reflected at the welded interface as well as transmitted across the interface. As a result, it was known that the quantitative relationship between the coefficient and the weld strength (torsional strength) could be drawn.