• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국소음진동공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.1003-1008
• /
• 2001

In beamforming method, source positions are predicted by MUSIC (Multiple Signal Classification) power method and composite sound fields can then be decomposed into each partial field by beamforming, detenninistically without restriction of the distance between reference microphones and sources. However, reference microphone array shape is important in both MUSIC and beamforming method. Thus the present paper describes the effect of the reference microphone array shape.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2003

This study was carried out to characterize the behavior and sources of particulate trace metal in Daegu city. TSP (Total Suspended Particulate matter) was collected by filters on High Volume Air Sampler from the four areal (reference, residential, commercial, industrial area). The moult were analyzed by AAS after preliminary treatment. The average centration trend of trace metals contained in TSP was shown as follows : Fe > Cu > Pb > Mn > Ni > Cr > Cd. The trace metals showed the highest concentration in the industrial area. This study showed the seasonal variation of trace metals. Fe and Mn showed high concentration in spring, whereas Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb showed high concentration in winter. Also this study showed the regional variation of trace metals. The order of the average concentration of trace metals was : industrial > commercial > residential > reference area. Using Mn as a reference element, the enrichment factor analysis were used for identifying the trace element contributors. The enrichment factors of Cr, Fe < 10 were considered to have a significant dust and soil source and termed nonenriched. Pb, Cd, Cu >>10 were enriched and had a significant fraction which was contributed by anthropogenic sources.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 2001

Neutron reference fields of Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) for calibrating neutron measuring devices to be used in radiation workplace monitoring consist of two kinds of neutron spectra, the direct and the scattered neutron fields, which are produced by using radionuclide neutron sources, 252Cf and 241AmBe sources. Necessary parameters for calibration such as the anisotropy factor of each neutron source and the room-scattered fraction of some neutron surveymeters in the KAERI calibration facility were determined by calculation or measurement. Spectral measurement of scattered neutron fields were performed at each reference calibration point using a Bonner Multi-sphere Spectrometer (BMS) and the dosimetric quantities for calibration also estimated from the neutron energy spectra which were unfolded using the BUNKI code.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.115-130
• /
• 2013

This paper describes Cross reference services in Knowledge contents based on UCI. Cross references are effective features that can increase the value of the contents. Knowledge contents include academic papers, research reports, archives, historical and cultural heritage, and professional databases. Cross references are consists of reference-to and cited-by links which can be made by reference list in article. Some of cross reference services provided are considered. We designed cross reference services for knowledge contents in Korea and prototype services are provided. The reference linking service in the area of national R&D will enable the linking of heterogeneous information produced at different sources.

• 복식
• /
• 제54권6호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2004

Price is one of the most important components of marketing mix. For consumers, price is an always-existing cue and definite evaluation criteria. However, information on price is meaningful only when it is perceived. Sources of price perception can be the actual retail price at the selling point, the internal reference price expected by consumers for a certain clothing product, and the external reference price advertised by marketer such as the price before mark-down. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of internal reference price on consumers' purchasing process of clothing products. A questionnaire including clothing stimuli was developed in order to assess consumers' internal reference price level. Usable data from 680 adult female urban residents were used for data analysis. Results indicated that consumers with relatively lower internal reference price tend to react low-price focused external reference price and use discount stores and unit price promotions. Consumers with relatively higher internal reference price advertisement are likely to have higher level of education, tend to infer price information to higher quality or prestige of products, and purchase clothing with regular retail price or coupons.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.45-52
• /
• 1975

Effects of air pollutants on vegetation were reviewed and discussed with special reference to sulfur dioxide. Main contents were on the sources, meteorological factors, injury symptoms, relative sensitivity, growth/yield, indicator/diagnosis, combined effects, injury mechanism and effects on plant metabolism, injury diminishing measures, and future research needs.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.199.2-199.2
• /
• 2010

The main purpose of the calibration procedure is to perform a one to one comparison of the reference pyranometer and the test pyranometer. In order to achieve this, both pyranometers need to be exposed to exactly the same irradiance, under the same circumstances. There are a number of error sources that could result in a wrong measurement. Most importantly Lamp instability, pyranometer offsets, thermal offsets of junctions, voltmeter offset, voltmeter instability, reference pyranometer instability, tilting of the pyranometers and differences in sensor height. Another sun-disc calibration procedure compares the computed vertical component of the direct irradiance as measured by a pyranometer with that measured by the pyranometer to be calibrated. Readings are taken with the levelled pyranometer on a clear day. Firstly the global irradiance and then the diffuse component are measured. Simultaneously measurement of direct irradiance is made with the pyrheliometer. The ways of performing the calibration and the subsequent calculation have been chosen such that the effect all these error sources has been eliminated as much as possible.

• 정보관리연구
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.1-39
• /
• 1996

본 연구는 EconRef이라는 통합 OPAC의 구현에 관한 것으로서, 이 모델은 참고사서의 효율적인 업무처리를 가능하게 해주고, 이용자에게 조직적이고 신속한 정보서비스를 제공하는 것이다. 통합 OPAC은 REGIS와 The Book House와 같은 실제의 시스템을 기초로 하여 KPWin++를 이용하여 구현하였다. KPWin++는 전문가시스템 쉘로서 하이퍼텍스트와 전문가시스템이 결합되어 있다. 이 통합 OPAC 시스템은 6개의 모듈로 참고봉사 전문가시스템 ; 문헌정보원, 전문가정보원, 통계정보원 ; OPAC ; 외부데이터베이스 ; 이용자안내 등으로 구성되었다. 시스템의 평가는 EconRef 시스템과 초급사서 및 고급사서를 비교하였고, 하이퍼텍스트와 전문가시스템이 결합된 OPAC인 REGIS 시스템과 비교하였다. 비교결과 EconRef 시스템은 고급사서와 유사한 반면 초급사서 보다는 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제33권8호
• /
• pp.629-634
• /
• 2016

Laser-assisted machining (LAM) is one of the most effective methods of processing difficult-to-cut materials, such as titanium alloys and various ceramics. However, it is associated with problems such as the inability of the laser heat source to generate an appropriate preheating temperature. To solve the problem, thermally assisted machining with multiple heat sources is proposed. In this study, thermal analysis of multiple heat sources by laser and arc is performed according to power, heat source size, and leading heat source position. Then, the results are analyzed according to each condition. The results of this analysis can be used as a reference to predict preheating temperature in thermally assisted machining with multiple heat sources.