• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.48-61
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the anthropometric data, serum profiles, food intakes frequency, and nutrient intakes of women aged 30-49 years. The subjects were divided into two groups: drinking group and non-drinking group. For the study, we obtained data for analysis from the combined 2008-2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Height and weight were 159.2 cm and 58.1 kg in the drinking group as well as 158.1 cm and 57.7 kg in the non-drinking group, respectively. Obesity percentage in the two groups were 22.5% and 24.8%, respectively. HDL-cholesterol (P<0.001) and Vitamin D (P=0.0248) levels in the drinking group were significantly higher than those of the non-drinking group. In the drinking group, rates of hypertension, myocardial infarction, and diabetes were significantly lower than those of the non-drinking group. Food and nutrient intakes, including energy, water, protein, fat, retinol, thiamin, riboflavin, and niacin, in the drinking group were significantly higher than those of the non-drinking group. In the two groups, energy, water, fiber, calcium, and potassium intakes were low while Na intakes were extremely high considering KDRIs (Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans). The mean adequacy ratio (MAR) in the two groups was not significant.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.309-316
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• 2015

선행된 연구에서 제안된 '게임캐릭터 패션스타일 유형'을 토대로 커스터마이징 시스템에 나타난 게임 캐릭터의 유형별 스타일링을 Creative Style, Attractive Style, Grotesque Style, Usual Style, Suit Style로 분류하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 게임의 특성상 가상공간에서 이루어진다는 점에서 현실에서는 구현하기 힘든 창의이며 융합적인 디자인 표현이 다양한 형태로 나타났다. 둘째, 게이머와 동일시되는 게임 캐릭터의 특징과 일반적인 신체비율보다 과장된 8등신 이상이 주로 사용되는 RPG들을 중심으로 분석된 만큼 Creative Style과 Attractive Style의 빈도가 높게 조사되었다. 셋째, 대체적으로 캐릭터의 의상디자인과 컬러의 사용은 게이머의 요구나 세계관의 반영에 의해 선택되므로 공통적인 특징이 나타나는 반면, 헤어디자인과 컬러에서는 다양한 표현으로 대표성을 찾기 힘들었다. 본 연구결과는 게이머의 개성과 요구에 부합하는 패션아이템 개발 매뉴얼 및 관련연구를 위한 참고자료로써 가치가 있다고 사료된다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.441-449
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• 2007

동영상 부호화에서 움직임 추정은 참조 프레임으로부터 현재 프레임의 화소를 추정하는 처리로서 예측 화질과 부호화 시간에 직접적인 영향을 미친다. 본 논문은 고속 움직임 추정을 위해 시공간 움직임 활동도를 이용한 적응형 계층 육각 탐색에 관한 것이다. 제안된 방법은 현재의 매크로블록에 시공간적으로 인접한 매크로블록들의 움직임 벡터를 이용하여 시공간 움직임 활동도를 정의한다. 이렇게 정의한 시공간 움직임 활동도가 낮을 경우 기존의 적응형 육각 탐색을 수행하고, 그렇지 않을 경우, 웨이블렛 변환의 다단계 저주파 부영상들로 구성된 다단계 계층 공간상에서 계층 육각 탐색을 수행한다. 본 논문에서는 서로 다른 움직임 특성을 갖는 복수의 동영상 시퀀스들에 대한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결과를 토대로 예측 화질과 연산 시간 측면에서 제안된 방법의 성능을 분석.평가하였다. 실험 결과는 제안된 방법이 작은 움직임 탐색과 큰 움직임 탐색에 모두 적합함을 보여주고 있다. 제안된 방법은 고속 움직임 탐색이 가능한 적응형 육각 탐색의 장점을 유지하면서도 시공간 움직임 활동도가 높은 비디오 시퀀스에서 야기되는 국부 최소 문제를 적응적으로 경감할 수 있었다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.99-109
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• 1980

An investigation was made Into 1,357 fixed bridges which had been performed at the Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Seoul National University Hospital from 1973 to 1979. The purpose of this investigation was to establish a basic reference of the treatment with fixed bridges by obtaining statistical conclusions from the data concerning the patients who had been treated with fixed bridges. The following conclusions were obtained; 1. The ratio of the fixed bridges made on the maxillae to those made on the mandible was 1:1. 2. The cases of fixed bridges with one pontic were the most frequent, i.e., 946 cases out of total 1,357 cases, which were 69.7% of the total. 3. As the number of missing teeth increased, the number of the relevant cases of fixed bridges decreased. 4. The most frequent age group of the patients who had been treated with fixed bridges was the twenties, which was 40.8% of the total. As the age of the patients increased, the number of corresponding cases of fixed bridges decreased. 5. Most of the fixed bridges with more than three pontics were made at the anterior portion samely on the maxilla and on the mandible. 6. As for the retainers, the porcelain fused to metal crown and the partial veneer crown were frequently used at the anterior portion, while the full veneer crown was frequently used and the inlay and the attachment were used in some cases at the posterior portion. The locations of fixed bridges in the order of their frequency were: canine, lateral incisor, second bicuspid, central incisor, second molar, first bicuspid, first molar, and third molar on the maxilla; second bicuspid, second molar, first bicuspid, first molar, canine, third molar, lateral incisor, and central incisor on the mandible.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2005

40 Gbit/s 광 시분할 신호(OTDM:optical time-division-multiplexed)로부터 클럭 재생된 10 GHz 신호를 얻기 위해 고조모드잠금된 광섬유 레이저와 TOAD(Terahertz Optical Asymmetric Demultiplexer)를 이용하여 광 위상 동기 회로를 구성하였다. 입력된 40Gbit/s 광 신호 펄스로부터 TOAD를 통과한 펄스의 위상 정보를 이용하여 10 GHz로 위상 동기된 신호를 추출하였다. 추출된 10GHz RF 신호와 주변의 잡음 신호의 비는 40 dB 이상으로 측정되었다. 또한 TOAD에서 위상 정보 추출 과정에 대한 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 위상 동기 주파수의 작동범위는 입력 광 펄스의 기본 주파수를 중심으로 10 kHz 이내에서 측정되었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 1989

Korean Chochgal is a kind of salted, fermentive food mainly made of fish in our country. It has been a suitable side'dish for the diet of rice. It has made use of an accompaniment of wine, seasoning, food of ceremony and a folk remedy. There were various kinds of Chochgal and various way of for preparation. For a long time it has developed in how to cook and how to eat. Nowaday, it has lessened to use Chochgal. In this thesis, the kinds of Chochgal and the reference frequency to them, the material, the measuring unit of material, the making terms, and the cooking kitchen utensils are studied out of the 86 books published in Korea from 1200 to 1984. 1. It was classifed Choch, Sikhae, and Oyukchang as how to cook. 2. There were 147 kinds of Chochgal, 100 kinds of Choch, 40 kinds of Sikhae and 7 kinds of Oyukchang in our traditional documents. 3. Materials were classified into main material, sub-material, and seasonings. As main materials there were fish, internals of fish, spawn, flesh, salt and soy sauce. As sub-materials there were seasoning, flavor, vegetables and cereals. 4. There were 41 kinds of measuring units. Of them, 17 kinds are for volume, 9 kinds are for quantity, 3 kinds are for length, and 12 kinds are for the rest. 5. There were 52 kinds of cooking kitchen utensils. They used mainly a sieve and pebbles. To store Chochkal a kind of jar, a woodenware and a clay ware were used. To shelter it from the wind, they sealed it with leaves and oiled paper. But few of them are used nowaday. 6. There were 209 kinds of cooking terms. Of them, 35 kinds are for the washing process, 51 kinds are for the preparing process, 38 kinds are for the making process, 25 kinds are for the fermenting process, 24 kinds are for the keeping process, and 36 kinds are for the eating(using) process.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.50-53
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• 2012

This paper describes experimental study on GM-type pulse tube refrigerator (PTR). In a PTR, the pulse tube is only filled with working gas and there exists secondary flow due to a large temperature difference between cold-end and warm-end. The stability of secondary flow is affected by orientation of cold-head and thus, the cooling performance is deteriorated by gas mixing due to secondary flow. In this study, a single stage GM-type pulse tube refrigerator is fabricated and tested. The cooing performance of the fabricated PTR is measured as varying cold-head orientation angle and the results are used as reference data. Then, we divided interior space of pulse tube into three segments, and fixed the various size of screen mesh at interface of each segment to suppress the performance degradation due to secondary flow. For various configuration of pulse tube, no-load test and heat load test are carried out with the fixed experimental condition of charging pressure, operating frequency and orifice valve turns. From experimental results, the fine screen mesh shows the effective suppression of performance degradation for the large orientation angle, but the use of screen mesh cause the loss of cooling capacity rather than the case of no insertion into pulse tube. It should be compromised whether the use of screen mesh in consideration of the installation limitation of a GM-type pulse tube refrigerator.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38A권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2013

입력 전압 범위 감지 회로를 이용해서 저전력 6비트 플래시 500Ms/s ADC를 설계하였다. 입력 전압 범위 감지 회로는 변환기내 모든 비교기들 중에서 25%만 동작시키고, 나머지 75%는 동작시키지 않는 방법을 채택하므로 저전력 동작을 가능하게 설계 및 제작하였다. 설계된 회로는 0.13um CMOS 공정기술을 이용해서 제작하였고, 1.2V 전원전압에서 68.8mW 전력소모, 4.9 유효 비트수, 4.75pJ/step의 평가지수가 측정되었다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.224-234
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• 2008

Multi-phase machines can be used in variable speed drives. Their applications include electric ship propulsion, 'more-electric aircraft' and traction applications, electric vehicles, and hybrid electric vehicles. Multi-phase machines enable independent control of a few numbers of machines that are connected in series in a particular manner with their supply being fed from a single voltage source inverter(VSI). The idea was first implemented for a five-phase series-connected two-motor drive system, but is now applicable to any number of phases more than or equal to five-phase. The number of series-connected machines is a function of the phase number of VSI. Theoretical and simulation studies have already been reported for number of multi-phase multi-motor drive configurations of series-connection type. Variable speed induction motor drives without mechanical speed sensors at the motor shaft have the attractions of low cost and high reliability. To replace the sensor, information concerning the rotor speed is extracted from measured stator currents and voltages at motor terminals. Open-loop estimators or closed-loop observers are used for this purpose. They differ with respect to accuracy, robustness, and sensitivity against model parameter variations. This paper analyses operation of an MRAS estimator based sensorless control of a vector controlled series-connected two-motor five-phase drive system with current control in the stationary reference frame. Results, obtained with fixed-voltage, fixed-frequency supply, and hysteresis current control are presented for various operating conditions on the basis of simulation results. The purpose of this paper is to report the first ever simulation results on a sensorless control of a five-phase two-motor series-connected drive system. The operating principle is given followed by a description of the sensorless technique.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.2
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• pp.181-184
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• 2006

Knowledge of the ionospheric peak parameter foF2 (the critical frequency of F2 layer) is one of key essential factors for predicting ionospheric characteristics and delay correction of satellite positioning. However, the foF2 was almost estimated using an empirical model of International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) or other expensive observing techniques, such as ionosondes and scatter radar. In this paper, the ionospheric peak parameter foF2 is the first observed by ground-based GPS with all weather, low-cost and near real time properties. Compared with the IRI-2001 and independent ionosondes at or near the GPS receiver stations, the foF2 obtained from ground-based GPS is in better agreement, but closer to the ionosonde. However, during nighttime, the IRI model overestimated the GPS observed values during winter and equinox months.Furthermore, seasonal variation trend of the foF2 in 2003 is studied using foF2 monthly median hourly data measured over South Korea. It has shown that the systematic diurnal changes of foF2 are apparent in each season and the higher values of foF2 are observed during the equinoxes (semiannual anomaly) as well as in mid-daytime of each season.