• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.247-248
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• 2023

As carbon neutrality becomes an issue around the world, research is actively being conducted to achieve reduction targets for each industry by declaring 2050 carbon neutrality in Korea and implementing the greenhouse gas target management system and emission trading system. The construction industry quantitatively predicts and evaluates carbon emissions by stages through the evaluation of the entire building process, but research on this is insufficient in the case of the construction process. Therefore, as part of the research on predicting and reducing carbon emissions generated at construction sites, data from actual construction sites were collected to analyze the facilities and characteristics of each energy source, and a scenario was proposed to quantitatively predict the use of each energy source.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.506-513
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to establish the greenhouse gases (GHG) inventories and estimate the GHG reduction plans for Daegu University from 2009 to 2011. The annual average of GHG emissions in Daegu University was estimated to be 19,413 ton $CO_2$ eq during the study period. Emissions of electricity usage in Scope 2 most contributed about 55.4% of the total GHG emissions. Also, GHG emissions of Scope 2, Scope 1, and Scope 3 contributed 60.4%, 22.6%, and 17.0%, respectively. In order to estimate reduction potential of GHG, the Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) model was calculated using three scenarios such as sensor installation, LED replacement, and solar facility. The GHG will be reduced by 1,656 ton $CO_2$ eq for LED scenario, by 1,041 ton $CO_2$ eq for sensor scenario, and by 737 ton $CO_2$ eq for solar scenario compared to 2020 business as usual (BAU). Therefore, the total GHG emissions in 2020 apply three scenarios can be reduced by 15% compared with 2020 BAU.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2023

'Carbon-neutrality Assessment based on Technology Application Scenario (CATAS)' provides an analysis of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction effectiveness when applying carbon-neutrality technology to areas such as energy conversion, transportation, and buildings at certain spatial levels. As for the development scope of the model, GHG emission sources were analyzed for direct GHG emissions, and the boundary between direct and indirect emissions are set according to the spatial scope. The technical scope included nine technologies and forest sinks in the transition sector that occupies the largest portion of GHG emissions in the 2050 carbon neutral scenario. The carbon neutrality rate evaluation methodology consists of four steps: ① analysis of GHG emissions, ② prediction of energy production according to technology introduction, ③ calculation of GHG reduction, and ④ calculation of carbon neutrality rate. After the web-based CATAS-BASIC was developed, an analysis was conducted by applying the new and renewable energy distribution goals presented in the ｢2050 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Promotion Plan｣ of the Seoul Metropolitan Government. As a result of applying solar power, hydrogen fuel cell, and hydrothermal, the introduction of technology reduced 0.43 million tCO₂eq of 1.49 million tCO₂eq, which is the amount of emissions from the conversion sector in Seoul, and the carbon neutrality rate in the conversion sector was analyzed to be 28.94 %.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.275-288
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• 2023

Background: When basic local governments want to improve their air quality management policies, they need fundamental evidence, such as the effectiveness of current policies or scenario results. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to lay the groundwork for a process to calculate air pollutant reduction from basic local government air quality policies and provide numerical estimates of PM_2.5 concentrations following improved policies. Methods: We calculated the amount of air pollutant reduction that can be expected in the research region based on the Gyeonggi-do Air Environment Management Implementation Plan issued in 2021 and guidelines from the Korean Ministry of Environment. The PM_2.5 concentration variations were numerically simulated using the CMAQ (photochemical air quality model). Results: The research regions selected were Suwon, Ansan, Yongin, Pyeongtaek, and Hwaseong in consideration of population, air pollutant emissions, and geographical requirements. The expected reduction ratios in 2024 compared to 2018 are CO (3.0%), NO_x (7.9%), VOCs (0.7%), SO_x (0.1%), PM₁₀ (2.4%), PM_2.5 (6.1%), NH₃ (0.05%). The reduced PM_2.5 concentration ratio was highest in July and lowest in April. The expected concentration reduction of yearly mean PM_2.5 in the research region is 0.12 ㎍/m³ (0.6%). Conclusions: Gyeonggi-do is now able to quickly provide air pollutant emission reduction calculations by respective policy scenario and PM_2.5 simulation results, including for secondary aerosol particles. In order to provide more generalized results to basic local governments, it is necessary to conduct additional research by expanding the analysis tools and periods.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.59-68
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• 2014

The Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011 had an extensive impact on the national electricity plans. This paper outlines alternative electricity scenarios that meet the goals of nuclear phase-out and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction. This paper also analyzes the results of each scenario in respect to the electricity mix, GHG emissions, costs and employment effects. The Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning system (LEAP) model was used to simulate the annual electricity demand and supply system from 2011 to 2030. The reference year was 2009. Scenarios are reference (where existing plans are continued), A1, A2, B1, B2, and C2 (where the levels of demand management and nuclear phase-out are different). The share of renewable energy in the electricity mix in 2030 for each scenario will be increased from about 1% in 2009 to 8% in the reference scenario and from 11% to 31% in five alternative scenarios. Total cumulative cost increases up to 14% more than the reference scenario by replacing nuclear power plants with renewable energy in alternative scenarios could be affordable. Deploying enough renewable energy to meet such targets requires a roadmap for electricity price realization, expansion of research, development and deployment for renewable energy technologies, establishment of an organization dedicated to renewable energy, and ambitious targets for renewable energy.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2012

In this study, long-term greenhouse gas reductions expected passenger sector was used for the MESSAGE. Green Car road map proposed BAU scenario, Enhanced diffusion green car scenario, and price 1, 2 scenarios was configured with four scenarios. Enhanced diffusion green car in the scenario, in 2050 compared to BAU scenario 13% of the emissions will decrease. Price 1 and Price 2 scenario is emissions reduction of 14% compared to BAU. This study consists of six chapters. Introduction of MESSAGE, creation and RES in the year and the target year set a different base line and the passenger building materials sector activities, steps for passenger sector scenario and Based on the results of running the emissions reductions were to describe.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.136-148
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• 2016

We analyze economic effects of GHG reduction measures of the generation industry to meet 2030 GHG reduction target using the scenario based approach. We estimate the GHG emission of the Korean power industry in 2030 based on both the $7^{th}$ Electricity Supply & Demand Plan and the GHG emission coefficients issued by IAEA. We set up three scenarios for reduction measures by replacing the coal fired plants with nuclear power, renewable energy and carbon capture and storage. Once and for all, the nuclear power scenario dominates the other energy technologies in terms of GHG reduction quantities and economic effects.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.431-443
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• 2009

Recently, turbidity problem is one of the hot issues in dam and reservoir management works. Main reason to bring about high density turbid water is sediment yield by rainfall intensity energy. Because existing researches didn't consider diverse types of crops, it was difficult to calculate more accurate soil erosion and sediment yield. This study was evaluated the reduction efficiency of soil erosion and sediment yield using ginseng layer extracted from IKONOS satellite image, and the area and the ratio of ginseng area represented $0.290km^2$ and 0.94%. The reduction efficiency of soil erosion considering ginseng area represented low value in 0.9% using GIS-based RUSLE model, because the area of ginseng was small compared to areas of other agricultural lands. To reflect future land use change, this study was calculated the reduction efficiency of soil erosion and sediment yield by considering many scenarios as kinds of crops of paddy, dry field, orchard, and other agricultural areas convert to the ginseng district. As result of analysis of them according to scenarios, scenario (1) in which dry field was converted to ginseng area and scenario (2) in which fully agricultural lands were converted to ginseng area showed high reduction efficiency as 31.3% and 34.8% respectively, compared to existing research which didn't consider ginseng area. Methodology suggested in this study will be very efficient tools to help reservoir management related to high density turbid water.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze effects of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission reduction in district energy business mainly based on Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plants. Firstly this paper compares the actual carbon intensity of power production between conventional power plants and district energy plants. To allocate the GHG from CHP plants, two of different methods which were Alternative Generation Method and Power Bonus Method, have been investigated. The carbon intensity of power production in district energy plants ($0.43tonCO_2e/MWh$) was relatively lower than conventional gas-fired power plants ($0.52tonCO_2e/MWh$). Secondly we assessed the cost effectiveness of reduction by district energy sector compared to the other means using TIMES model method. We find that GHG marginal abatement cost of 'expand CHP' scenario (-$134/ton$CO_2$) is even below than renewable energy scenario such as photovoltaic power generation ($87/ton$CO_2$). Finally the GHG emission reduction potential was reviewed on the projected GHG emission emitted when the same amount of energy produced in combination of conventional power plants and individual boilers as substitution of district energy. It showed there were 10.1~41.8% of GHG emission reduction potential in district energy compared to the combination of conventional power plants and individual boilers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.258-264
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• 2020

This study aimed to analyze the economic feasibility of the reduction of working safety accidents in stow net fishery through the prevention education to fishing crews. The benefit was evaluated by estimating insurance payment amount that was reduced through prevention education. The decreasing rate of working safety accidents was presumed to follow the experience in Japan. The cost was assumed as the cost of textbook development. Results indicated that IRR was estimated to be 79.9% in case of scenario assuming no additional operating costs while IRR was 56.3% in case of scenario assuming 10% additional operating costs. In addition, the economic feasibility would be secured when annual operating costs increased to 274 million won according to the result of sensitivity analysis.