• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.15 no.2 s.70
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2006

The total amount of graphite reserves in Korea is about 260 thousand tons. Graphite larks international competitiveness it is mined in only few mines, but recently the demand of portable electronic has increased. Therefore a research for manufacturing domestic high purity graphite is necessary because all of high purity graphite used electrode of 2nd batter depends on expensive importation. A preprocessing level for producing high purity graphite, flotation was conducted using microbubble column machine. In this research $D_{50}=10.314{\mu}m$ sample was used which was produced after grinding 29.50% F.C. primary crushing sample($D_{50}=69.393{\mu}m$) for 20 minutes through attrition mill. As a result using this sample, product above 95% F.C. with recovery over 90% was obtained with only after first stage process through the microbubble column.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.11-16
• /
• 2002

Analysis and separation of constituent materials of old car have been performed by using the industrial shredding line. For this aim, three old cars made by domestic automobile manufacturers, Sonata II, Sephia and Prince were chosen and delivered in pressed form without engine, tires and doors, etc. Shredding line was substantially composed of pre- and main-shredder. cyclone, magnetic separation, eddy current separation and man-power separation. From the separation of shredder products, iron scrap was observed to be the major material of old car accounting for 60.1 ％ of total weight and non-ferrous metals involving Al, Cu and Zn, etc. were about 2％. Light fluff, about 90％ of total fluff product, was comprised with plastic, fiber and sponge, etc. and the fraction of 5 cm undersize in light fluff was 70.5%. In case of heavy fluff, however. rubber and plastic were found to be the major constituent materials of it. Among the constituent materials of fluff, plastic showed the highest calorific value, more than 10,000 cal/gr and leather and rubber showed relatively high chlorine content, 10.3 and 2.55 wt%, respectively.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2016

This study were carried out sulfation roasting and selective leaching test for the effective recovery of copper component in concentrate obtained by froth floatation of Autrallian low grade copper ore. The optimum conditions of sulfation roasting were temp. $450^{\circ}C$, $Na_2SO_4$ 2 mole ratio and time 1.5 h, and then selective leaching were room temperature and $H_2O$ or 1M $H_2SO_4$ solutions. Leaching efficiency of optimum sulfation product were 90 wt.% of copper, 20 wt.% of iron and 15wt.% of nickel elements. In this results, it was possible to selective decomposition leaching of the copper component under optimum conditions in this research.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.59-76
• /
• 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about environmental severity and new social, economic, and cultural changes. Conscious fashion, which is oriented to sustainable and valuable consumption, has become a trend to consume products produced using eco-friendly and ethical processes, from the selection of the product materials to the manufacturing process. The purpose of this study is to identify the concepts and characteristics of conscious fashion and zero waste, and to explore design trends of zero wastein the new normal era of conscious fashion through the analysis of various cases. The research method is a literature review on conscious fashion based on relevant professional and academic books and articles, designer collections, and campaigns from 2010 to the present, when conscious fashion as eco-friendliness and sustainable fashion became a trend. The concept and characteristics of conscious fashion were examined them in terms of environmental, ethical, social, and cultural aspects and the concept and characteristics of zero waste through previous studies and case analysis. Through this, the trends of zero-waste design in conscious fashion were categorized into: first, an eco-friendly design orientation that utilizes reuse and reduce methods of clothing and fabric; second, a variable design orientation that practices zero waste designs by using diversity of patterns through deconstruction, disassembly, and various cutting methods. Third, long-term circulation of design through the recycling of resources by second-hand trade, the utilization of stock clothing, resale, and availability of eco-friendly materials through the development of new technologies. As an active practice for the sustainable fashion industry expands, it is expected that continuous research will be conducted as a future core value to realize the possibility of long-term circular zero-waste design through social responsibility and conscious recycling, reuse, and reproduction.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.566-570
• /
• 2002

In lactic acid fermentation, the end product inhibition by lactic acid causes several problems. The most important of which are low lactate formation rate and its recovery from fermentation broth. To overcome these problems, extractive lactic acid fermentation was carried out in a bioreactor, which was connected to a column packed with anion exchange resin (Amberlite IRA-400, 250 g). The system was started as a batch process, and then the separation process was started when the lactic acid concentration reached 10 g/L, 20 g/L or 30 g/L. In each case, total lactic acid concentration was reached to 48.6, 53.6, 52.6 g/L with its productivity of 1.2 g/L $.$ h, 1.6 g/L $.$ h, and 1.3 g/L $.$ h, respectively Especially, in the case of the 20 g/L recycling-initiation process, extractive fermentation reduced tie fermentation time (17 hrs) by 34% in comparison with the conventional batch process. The direct consequence of this time reduction was shown by a 1.8 fold increase in overall lactic acid productivity.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.30-36
• /
• 2019

In this study, Li powder was recovered from the by-product of LNO ($Li_2NiO_2$) process, which is the positive electrode active material of waste lithium ion battery, through the $CO_2$ thermal reaction process. In the process of recovering Li powder, the $CO_2$ injection amount is 300 cc/min. The $Li_2NiO_2$ award was phase-separated into the $Li_2CO_3$ phase and the NiO phase by holding at $600^{\circ}C$ for 1 min. After this, the collected sample:distilled water = 1:50 weight ratio, and after leaching, the solution was subjected to vacuum filtration to recover $Li_2CO_3$ from the solution, and the NiO powder was recovered. In order to increase the purity of Ni, it was maintained in $H_2$ atmosphere for 3 hours to reduce NiO to Ni. Through the above-mentioned steps, the purity of Li was 2290 ppm and the recovery was 92.74% from the solution, and Ni was finally produced 90.1% purity, 92.6% recovery.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2005

This study was performed to obtain the basic data on current situations and challengeable aspects of vermicomposting industries in Korea and to develope foodwaste treatment technology using earthworm. Pre-treatment process of food waste consists of cleaning, grinding, mixing and others, and salinity of food waste was 0.7% on average, thus not suitable for feed of worms. When applying wash water and going through the cleaning process, however, salinity was dropped to 0.38%, indicating that cleaning process applying wash water is necessary to control the proper salinity for growth of worms. In the food waste processing experiment applying worms, it has been presented that smaller particles induce higher processing efficiency. As a result, food waste processing by worms is possible through maintaining the suitable environment for survival of worms from input process to generation of cast. Cast generated after processing food waste was proved to be most suitable for product standard of compost thus cast is presented to be recycled after processing the food waste applying the worms.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.49-58
• /
• 2016

Corrugated board provides packaging for most diverse industries with a share of over 50%, due to the numerous advantages they offer a good protection of the products. In other hand corrugated board fails in environmental conditions, indicating that relative humidity or temperature is higher. These effects directly damage the product packaged. To overcome on this problem recently corrugated boards produced with functional material, "functional corrugated boards," have become more available in the current market. A number of commercialized forms of functional material are coated or composited products with inorganic materials, for example "Nano clay" as representative. However, although the use of functional materials is increasing in corrugated boards, the several concerns such as over cost, environmental friendly materials, recycling, and toxicity affect consumer perceptions and acceptance. In the past, number of researcher focused on process of box compression and the utility of box compression testing etc., best of our knowledge there is no review paper which focus on the functional corrugated boards used in food packaging applications. This paper aims to review the availability of functional corrugated boards in the current market, past research studies on functional material and present the current status of functional corrugated boards in leading countries.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2021

Ladle furnace slag is a byproduct of the steel-making process, and it contains the mineral β-C2Sandtherapid-settingmineral (dependingonwhichreducingagenthasbeenused). Ladle furnace slag is often treated through slow cooling, which causes the slag to lose its reactivity. In this study, the properties of air-quenched CAC and pulverized ladle furnace slag containing gypsum were evaluated, and the optimal mixing ratio was determined for broadening their usage. Consequently, the properties of CAC aredemonstrated by the dissolution of gypsum after a period of three hours and the content of gypsum after a period of one day. The optimal mixing ratio of anhydrate and hemihydrate gypsum is found to be within 30% and that of dihydrate gypsum is found to be higher than 35%. Furthermore, based on the results of CAC with dihydrate gypsum, the applicability of the by-product dihydrate gypsum has been verified.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2014.05a
• /
• pp.240-241
• /
• 2014

The environmental pollution problem the globally related to global warming arises. In the construction industry the cement mostly use material, generates the great quantity of CO₂ among the fired process and the global warming is more aggravated. In addition, the polysilicon that is the main raw material used in the solar power generation, produces 1 ton and the industrial by-product of 2 tons is generated. In this way, the arising sludge there is not method recycling and it is all discarded. Therefore, in this research, try to present as the fundamental research material for using the polysilicon sludge as the admixture of the cement in order to reduce the amount of the cement. The based on 'KS L ISO 679' was progressed mortar test. the liquidity, air flow rate, setting time, water absorption ratio, flexural and compression strength was measured. According to, appropriate replacement ratio of the polysilicon sludge tries to analyze.