• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.290-299
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to develop a software system for supporting nutritioal counseling. This study provides basic information on the assessment of nutritional status for individual. Software programs developed for this study were as follows: 1) Program for calculating the nutritional recommended daily allowance based on individual needs and for assessing obesity by Broca index. 2) Program for the analysis of nutritional daily intake(comparison between the amounts intake and the recommended dietary daily allowance) 3) Program for the analysis of nutrient intakes from each food group and their composition rates for the nutrients. A super-16T /XT (16bit personal computer) campatible with IBM-PC / XT was used and all the files and programs were created by using COBOL.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2002

The vitamin $B_{6}$ status of 49 healthy college student (women, aged 20-26 y) was estimated for evaluation of vitamin $B_{6}$ status and the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for vitamin $B_{6}$. The average daily vitamin $B_{6}$ intake of the subjects was 0.86 $\pm$ 0.289 mg/d or 61.43 $\pm$ 24.10% of Korean RDA. The average ratio of vitamin $B_{6}$ intake to daily protein intake was 0.014 $\pm$ 0.003 mg/g protein. Foods from animal and plaint sources provided 34.25 $\pm$ 18.62% and 65.78 $\pm$ 18.72%, respectively, of total vitamin $B_{6}$. Plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) concentration was significantly (p<.01 - p<.001) positively correlated to intakes of all other nutrients except vitamin C. However, no significant correlation was found between plasma PLP and nutrient intake. Vitamin $B_{6}$ intake only tended to have a positive correlation with plasma PLP concentration. Plasma total cholesterol was correlated to plasma PLP concentration (p<.05). Plasma PLP had no correlation with levels of glucose, triglyceride, and albumin. These results confirm that the present Korea RDA for vitamin $B_{6}$ of 1.4mg/d based on 0.02 mg/g protein is adequate.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1796-1802
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• 2017

Objective: This experiment was conducted to evaluate the optimal space allowance on growth performance, blood profile and pork quality of growing-finishing pigs. Methods: A total of ninety crossbred pigs [$(Yorkshire{\times}Landrace){\times}Duroc$, $30.25{\pm}1.13kg$] were allocated into three treatments (0.96: four pigs/pen, $0.96m^2/pig$; 0.80: five pigs/pen, $0.80m^2/pig$; 0.69: six pigs/pen, $0.69m^2/pig$) in a randomized complete block design. Pigs were housed in balanced sex and had free access to feed in all phases for 14 weeks (growing phase I, growing phase II, finishing phase I, and finishing phase II). Results: There was no statistical difference in growing phase, but a linear decrease was observed on average daily gain (ADG, p<0.01), average daily feed intake (ADFI, p<0.01), and body weight (BW, p<0.01) with decreasing space allowance in late finishing phase. On the other hand, a quadratic effect was observed on gain to feed ratio in early finishing phase (p<0.03). Consequently, overall ADG, ADFI, and final BW linearly declined in response to decreased space allowance (p<0.01). The pH of pork had no significant difference in 1 hour after slaughter, whereas there was a linear decrease in 24 h after slaughter with decreasing space allowance. Floor area allowance did not affect pork colors, but shear force linearly increased as floor space decreased (p<0.01). There was a linear increase in serum cortisol concentration on 14 week (p<0.05) with decreased space allocation. Serum IgG was linearly ameliorated as space allowance increased on 10 week (p<0.05) and 14 week (p<0.01). Conclusion: Data from current study indicated that stress derived from reduced space allowance deteriorates the immune system as well as growth performance of pigs, resulting in poor pork quality. Recommended adequate space allowance in a grow-to-finish production system is more than $0.80m^2/pig$ for maximizing growth performance and production efficiency.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2001

The dietary vitamin $B_6$ intake of 218 Korean young women (aged 20-26y), who had no health problems, and their sources were estimated using a modified Korean vitamin $B_6$ database. The average daily vitamin $B_6$ intake was 0.987 mg for the subjects. About 87.2% of the subjects consumed less than the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of vitamin $B_6$. The average ratio of vitamin $B_6$ intake to daily protein intake was 0.014 mg/g protein, and approximately 91% of subjects consumed 〈 0.02 mg/g protein. Vitamin $B_6$ intake was significantly (p〈.01 -p〈.001) positively correlated to the intakes of all other nutrients. Between animal and vegetable protein, animal protein had a stronger positive correlation with vitamin $B_6$. Major dietary sources of vitamin $B_6$, the top 10 foods provided nearly 64% of total vitamin $B_6$, and dietary contributors of vitamin $B_6$ for Koreans are less varied than those for Americans.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.231-238
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• 1999

This study was done to investigate the 12 college volleyball player's food behavior, nutrient intakes, and their serum lipid levels during the periods of training and detraining and to provide basic data for an effective program for the volleyball players during the period of detraining after the game season. The results were summarized as follows : The total daily energy intake of the players was $3,363{\pm}339kcal and 3,692{\pm}499kcal$ during the periods of the training and detraining, respectively. During the training period, daily intakes of protein, calcium and vitamin A, and $B_2$ were lower than the recommended dietary allowance for the players. During the detraining period, the players' daily intakes of calcium, iron, and vitamin A were even lower. However, the consumption of alcohol was dramatically increased during the period of detraining. The levels of serum triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein were significantly increased during the detraining period. Basal metabolic rates were significantly increased after the training period and diastolic pressure was decreased during the detraining period. In conclusion, out results suggest that the detraining of volleyball players for 10 days after intensive training, negatively affects their food behavior and serum lipid concentrations. Therefore, for the improvement of performance for the next game season, a planned program for the players' detraining period should be developed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.278-281
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• 2017

Since 2006, type 1 diabetes in Finland has plateaued and then decreased after the authorities' decision to fortify dietary milk products with cholecalciferol. The role of vitamin D in innate and adaptive immunity is critical. A statistical error in the estimation of the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin D was recently discovered; in a correct analysis of the data used by the Institute of Medicine, it was found that 8895 IU/d was needed for 97.5% of individuals to achieve values ${\geq}50nmol/L$. Another study confirmed that 6201 IU/d was needed to achieve 75 nmol/L and 9122 IU/d was needed to reach 100 nmol/L. The largest meta-analysis ever conducted of studies published between 1966 and 2013 showed that 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels <75 nmol/L may be too low for safety and associated with higher all-cause mortality, demolishing the previously presumed U-shape curve of mortality associated with vitamin D levels. Since all-disease mortality is reduced to 1.0 with serum vitamin D levels ${\geq}100nmol/L$, we call public health authorities to consider designating as the RDA at least three-fourths of the levels proposed by the Endocrine Society Expert Committee as safe upper tolerable daily intake doses. This could lead to a recommendation of 1000 IU for children <1 year on enriched formula and 1500 IU for breastfed children older than 6 months, 3000 IU for children >1 year of age, and around 8000 IU for young adults and thereafter. Actions are urgently needed to protect the global population from vitamin D deficiency.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional status of Korean workers with occupational exposure to lead by estimating nutrients and flood intakes so that we can eventually establish the dietary guidelines to be recommended for the lead workers. Food consumption survey was conducted by a 24-hr recall method with 135 lead workers and 50 non-exposed controls. Food intake data were convened into nutrients intake using computer aided nutritional analysis program. Mean daily energy intake and percentage of recommended daily allowance (RDA) of male lead workers were 2138 local and 87% of RDA while those of control were estimated as 2234 kcal and 91% of RDA. Mean daily intakes of nutrients of male lead workers were 78 g (111% RDA) for protein 502 mg (71% RDA) for calcium, 11.7 mg (97% RDA) for iron, 665 $\mu$g R.E (95% RDA) for vitamin A, 1.39 mg (108% RDA) for thiamin, 1.14 mg (77% RDA) for riboflavin, 15 mg N.E (92% RDA) for niacin and 66 mg (94% RDA) for vitamin C. On average, male lead workers showed significantly lower protein, calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, niacin and vitamin C intakes than control group while cholesterol intake of the male lead workers was significantly higher than that of control group. Intakes of calcium of male lead workers were Less than 75% RDA meaning that nutritional intake of calcium of male lead workers was insufficient and could possibly result in nutritional deficient. Some food groups such as milk, meat and fish must be strongly suggested to improve nutritional status of lead workers. Continuing nutrition monitoring and appropriate nutrition intervention for lead workers most be conducted further.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.206-219
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate nutrient and food choices in gastric cancer patients receiving Cisplatin after surgery. Ten patients were followed from the fist day of the first cycle to the last date of the 6th the cycle of the chemotherapy. The subjects kept daily self record of dietary intake and the period of nausea/vomiting during 6 cycles. Using Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program, the degree of Calorie, carbohydrate, protein, fat and fluid intakes according the chemotherapy period. The reseacher developed food intake rating scale, and then three dietitians analysed the oral intakes according to the type of foods. As the results of this study, during the chemotherapy cancer patients are intakes much fewer calorie, protein and fluids than recommended dietary allowance. Oral intake was worsen as treatment proceed. During the chemotherapy periods most of the patients choose fruits, vegitables, steam rice, porridge, yogurt and the beam soup to overcome nausea and vomiting. In order to promote oral intake for chemotherapy patients, the researcher strongly suggest that indiviual food preform should be considered.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.848-853
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• 1997

The daily intake of dietary fiber by Korean population in urban and rural areas was computed from an optimized food intake based on national nutrition survey, food balance sheet, and the dietary fiber content of Korean foods. The average intake of dietary fiber the nationwide and in urban and rural areas were 24, 22 and 28g in the 1970's, 20, 21 and 20g in 1980's , and 22, 22 and 21g in the 1990's , respectively. As compared with the recommended dietary allowance of 20-25g for Koreans, the average intake of dietary fiber was within the normal range, regardless of urban and rural areas. Since the dietary pattern of korean people is being changed according to different life style, the exact intakes of dietary fiber by diverse specific population groups should be assessed in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 1988

This survey was undertaken to evaluate the correlationship between the nutrients intakes and the environmental factors that was assumed to influence to them in the preschool children in Masan city. Their average energy intake was met with the korean recommended dietary Allowance(RDA), and the other nutrients intakes exceeded to. The percentage of carbohydrate, fat and protein among daily total energy intakes was showed 67 : 18 : 15 in order and it is similar to the proposal-value of RDA. The higher socioeconomic level of family, and educational degree of their parent were, the more amounts of nutrients intakes inc4eased. Especially educational level of mother can affect the amounts of nutrients intakes greatly. It is considered that the development of nutritional program for the more concrete and various education for their patron should be done.