• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.153-173
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the middle school students' allowance managing behaviors and consumer education by the educational subject in order to explore a desirable direction of consumer education for allowance management. Questionnaire survey was conducted with 468 middle school students in Gyeongnam. The major findings are as follows: First, as for recognition of consumer education, the consumer education from home was the highest, and then the from school and mass media followed in that order. Second, the average score of the students' allowance managing behavior was low. The fulfillment ability was relatively high compared to planning and evaluative ability. Third, as for overall allowance managing behaviors, the more promoted a students' level of consumer education from school and mass media, the more cultivated his/her allowance managing behaviors. As for allowance managing behaviors in accordance with sub-factors, students' planning and fulfillment abilities were more cultivated, the more promoted his/her level of consumer education from school and mass media. Students' evaluative ability was more cultivated, the more promoted his/her level of consumer education from school and mass media. Fourth, there were differences in educational contents the students wanted in accordance with the educational subjects of consumer education. The consumer education can be more practical when it is connected with home, school, and mass media, development of an educational program with such connection is necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.247-260
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• 2023

In this study, when applying the 'geological structure' content element of high school earth science I developed according to the 2015 curriculum to the STEAM program using a web-based expert system using 3D data of Google Earth and drones, the creative problem-solving ability of high school students, attitudes toward STEAM, and the results of this study are as follows. First, after applying the STEAM program, high school students' creative problem-solving ability showed meaningful results at the p<.001 level. Second, STEAM attitudes showed a significant value at the p<.001 level, confirming that they had a positive impact on high school students' attitudes towards STEAM. It was judged that web-based class activities using Google Earth and drones were useful for integrated thinking such as learners' sense of efficacy and value recognition for usefulness of knowledge. High school students' satisfaction with the STEAM program was 3.251, showing a slightly high average. It was confirmed that web-based class activities such as drones and Google Earth had a positive impact on learners' class satisfaction. However, it was interpreted that the lack of time for class activities limited the ability of the learners to increase their interest in class. The proposal of this research is as follows. First of all, in consideration of the production of presentation materials and practical training in the STEAM program, activities such as block time and advance instruction for class understanding before class are necessary. Secondly, in order to revitalize STEAM education in the high school curriculum, we judge that research on the development of various integrated education programs that can be applied to the high school grade system is necessary.

• Journal of Science of Art and Design
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• v.7
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• pp.64-104
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• 2005

Visual media transmits image and information reproduced in large quantities, such as a photography, film, television, video, advertisement, or computer image. Correspondence to the students' reception and recognition of culture in the future. arrangements for the field of studies of visual culture. 'Visual Culture' implies cultural phenomena of visual images via visual media, which includes not only the categories of traditional arts like a painting, sculpture, print, or design, but the performance arts including a fashion show or parade of carnival, and the mass and electronic media like a photography, film, television, video, advertisement, cartoon, animation, or computer image. In the world of visual media, Image' functions as an essential medium of communication. Therefore, people call the culture of today fra of Image Culture', which has been converted from an alphabet convergence era to an image convergence one. Image, via visual media, has become a dominant means for communication in large part of human life, so we can designate an Image' as a typical aspect of visual culture today. Image, as an essential medium of communication, plays an important role in contemporary society. The one way is the conversion of analogue image like an actual picture, photograph, or film into digital one through the digitalization of digital camera or scanner as 'an analogue/digital commutator'. The other is a way of process with a computer drawing, or modeling of objects. It is appropriate to the production of pictorial and surreal images. Digital images, produced by the other, can be divided into the form of Pixel' and form of Vector'. Vector is a line linking the point of departure to the point of end, which organizes informations. Computer stores each line's standard location and correlative locations to one another Digital image shows for more 'Perfectness' than any other visual media. Digital image has been evolving in the diverse aspects, such as a production of geometrical or organic image compositing, interactive art, multimedia art, or web art, which has been applied a computer as an extended trot of painting. Someone often interprets digitalized copy with endless reproduction of original even as an extension of a print. Visual af is no longer a simple activity of representation by a painter or sculptor, but now is intimately associated with a matter of application of media. There is some problem in images via visual media. First, the image via media doesn't reflect a reality as it is, but reflects an artificial manipulated world, that is, a virtual reality. Second, the introduction of digital effect and the development of image processing technology have enhanced a spectacle of destructive and violent scenes. Third, a child intends to recognize the interactive images of computer game and virtual reality as a reality, or truth. Education needs not only to point out an ill effect of mass media and prevent the younger generation from being damaged by it, but also to offer a knowledge and know-how to cope actively with social, cultural circumstances. Visual media education is one of these essential methods for the contemporary and future human being in the overflowing of image informations. The fosterage of 'Visual Literacy' can be considered as a very purpose of visual media education. This is a way to lead an individual to the discerning, active consumer and producer of visual media in life as far as possible. The elements of 'Visual Literacy' can be divided into a faculty of recognition related to the visual media, a faculty of critical reception, a faculty of appropriate application, a faculty of active work and a faculty of creative modeling, which are promoted at the same time by the education of 'visual literacy'. In conclusion, the education of 'Visual Literacy' guides students to comprehend and discriminate the visual image media carefully, or receive them critically, apply them properly, or produce them creatively and voluntarily. Moreover, it leads to an artistic activity by means of new media. This education can be approached and enhanced by the connection and integration with real life. Visual arts and education of them play an important role in the digital era depended on visual communications via image information. Visual me야a of day functions as an essential element both in daily life and in arts. Students can soundly understand visual phenomena of today by means of visual media, and apply it as an expression tool of life culture as well. A new recognition and valuation visual image and media education is required to cultivate the capability of active, upright dealing with the changes of history of civilization. 1) Visual media education helps to cultivate a sensibility for images, which reacts to and deals with the circumstances. 2) It helps students to comprehend the contemporary arts and culture via new media. 3) It supplies a chance of students' experiencing a visual modeling by means of new media. 4) There are educational opportunities of images with temporality and spaciality, and therefore a discerning person becomes to increase. 5) The modeling activity via new media leads students to be continuously interested in the school and production of plastic arts. 6) It raises the ability of visual communications dealing with image information society. 7) An education of digital image is significant in respect of cultivation of man of talent for the future society of image information as well. To correspond to the changing and developing social, cultural circumstances, and the form and recognition of students' reception of them, visual arts education must arrange the field of studying on a new visual culture. Besides, a program needs to be developed, which is in more systematic and active level in relation to visual media education. Educational contents should be extended to the media for visual images, that is, photography, film, television, video, computer graphic, animation, music video, computer game and multimedia. Every media must be separately approached, because they maintain the modes and peculiarities of their own according to the conveyance form of message. The concrete and systematic method of teaching and the quality of education must be researched and developed, centering around the development of a course of study. Teacher's foundational capability of teaching should be cultivated for the visual media education. In this case, it must be paid attention to the fact that a technological level of media is considered as a secondary. Because school education doesn't intend to train expert and skillful producers, but intends to lay stress on the essential aesthetic one with visual media under the social and cultural context, in respect of a consumer including a man of culture.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.113-121
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• 2013

IMO(International Maritime Organization) is existed the movement for revising ISM Code so that the maintenance history and the trouble information given trading in a ship can be transferred. An empirical analysis was made on the influence that will have upon shipping industry through surveying on the recognition on ISM Code revision in employees of the relevant field and on the expected problems given being amended ISM Code as the above. In conclusion, the positive effect is judged to be more in the aspect of ship safety, which is the aim of ISM Code, rather than the negative effect, which may take place given being revised ISM Code. In other words, the clean market can be formed through this because fairness is maintained on both sides given trading in a ship by which opening the maintenance record and the trouble history is applied equally to a buyer and a seller. Ships can be reduced a loss of time and cost in preventing similar problems and seeking solution that may appear in important equipments, through this maintenance record. Also, based on these materials, it comes to be available for analyzing a risk of ship and preventing and managing a risk, thereby being increased ability of maintenance and repair in a ship, resulting in being judged to likely contributing to ship safety and environmental-pollution prevention.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-132
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• 2015

National technical qualifications to enhance an individual's vocational skills, the competitiveness of companies and countries have an important function to improve. Especially 'qualifications' will have a signal function to show objectively measure an individual's ability with the 'Education' The "knowledge necessary for the performance of their duties. Technology will gain knowledge about such assessment or recognition is based on certain criteria and procedures." Learning to qualify are being made through a smart learning a lot. Due to the revolution of the Internet in recent years with the development of information and communication technologies are entering into a knowledge society, the importance of information and knowledge. This contemporary smart learning education system is continuing to rapidly growing in pace with the changing time and space constraints, without teaching and learning is taking place. The purpose of this study is the ARCS motivation theory can determine a representative theory of human motivation factors and basic psychological needs dealing with the human nature of the psychological needs Interactivity and immersive learning, and to validate the empirical causality Affecting the continued use of smart learning through fun. Specifically, attention, relevance, confidence in the ARCS motivation, see their effect on the learning flow through the satisfaction we analyze empirically. Through this national technical qualifications smart learner's learning by supporting the implicit synchronization of students in learning are the degree of continued use. Therefore, to achieve the objectives of national technical qualifications and skills through a smart learning can contribute to the activation of the development and certification of course industry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1999-2011
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• 2014

This research is objective that we investigate the effects of transformational leadership type of the head of pre-school institution on its operation and management. In order to test, we selected the subject of 200 teachers at 50 preschools in Seoul city randomly and we measured leadership type of the head and the level of its operation and management to 174 pre-school teachers. Based on the collected questionnaire, simple correlation and multiple regression analyses were conducted to produce the following results: First, analyzed result, participants were higher recognition that the relationship between the institution head's transformational leadership and its operation and management, and between the two variable were significant static positive correlation. Second, we analyzed the difference between type of transformational leadership to the institution head's perceived by its teachers individuals variables. As a results, we found that the academic ability(a college to university graduation) was significant the ethical leadership and teachers gives a positive evaluation on the head's transformational leadership regardless of the teacher's background variables. Third, we analyzed the transformational leadership affect institution on its operation and management. its results, the transformational leadership was significant on its operation and management. In particular, it were affect according to the order, political leadership, educational leadership, cultural leadership. Our finding contribute that pre-school institution have to change consistently, and were asked higher quality by enhancing competition, politics and its operation and management. in order to it is important that there is transformational leadership of the head.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.284-293
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• 2015

The objective of this paper is to determine the conditions of road surface by utilizing the images collected from closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras installed on roadside. First, a technique was examined to detect wet surfaces at nighttime. From the literature reviews, it was revealed that image processing using polarization is one of the preferred options. However, it is hard to use the polarization characteristics of road surface images at nighttime because of irregular or no light situations. In this study, we proposes a new discriminant for detecting wet and dry road surfaces using CCTV image data at night. To detect the road surface conditions with night vision, we applied the wavelet packet transform for analyzing road surface textures. Additionally, to apply the luminance feature of night CCTV images, we set the intensity histogram based on HSI(Hue Saturation Intensity) color model. With a set of 200 images taken from the field, we constructed a detection criteria hyperplane with SVM (Support Vector Machine). We conducted field tests to verify the detection ability of the wet road surfaces and obtained reliable results. The outcome of this study is also expected to be used for monitoring road surfaces to improve safety.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.4 s.62
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• pp.185-194
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• 2005

In the perspective of hybrid, design contains confused forms and styles. Thus, the question is what 'decisively affects' on life, happiness and peace of human beings: In the past scientific ecology that tries to solve the problem in the aspect of functional design was important. Now the question is beyond the scientific ecology because human has a different way of environmental adaptation from animals. From this point of view, design is defined as something beyond materialistic standard. Terry Eagleton said, 'Creative ability deviating oneself and transcending is the very standard to measure human beings' A tendency to hybridize one's own section off genre or pursuing dismantlement is found on such creative perspective. In other words, it focuses on making a space of human's cultural behavior by unifying creatively natural environment and architecture space in the organic aspect. Such phenomenon provides a new chance and possibility in environmental design through a new molding experiment according to the development of digital technology. As experiments of environment design using digital technology are actively implemented, ecological and cultural views hybridize to create a new cultural space of various functions and features. Such experiment in environment design highlights the connections of ecological view, recognition of value, and relation-centered ideas, and enables a tool pursuing a new cultural development. This study focuses on the paradigm of such digital hybrid design and purposes to set the system by analyzing the application styles and principles of environment design through theoretical and case studies. In addition, it promotes a new possibility to develop environment design in the history of civilization.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.571-598
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• 2015

This study aimed to assess the spatial cognition strategies and roles taken by students in the process of solving spatial tasks. For the analysis, this study developed two spatial tests based on the mental rotation test, which were taken by 63 students in their final year in elementary schools. The results of this study showed that in terms of the method of approaching the tasks, students took the comprehensive approach and the partial approach. When solving the tasks, the students were shown to use the imagery thinking or analytic thinking method. In terms of perspective, the students rotated the object or change their perspectives. A comparison of the methods used by the students revealed that when approaching the tasks, the group of students who chose the partial approach had higher scores. In terms of solving the tasks the analytic thinking method, and in terms of perspective, changing perspectives were shown to be more effective. Such effective methods were used more frequently in discrimination tasks than in recognition tasks, and in more complicated items, than in less complicated items. In conclusion, the results of this study suggested that the partial, analytic approach and the change of perspectives are useful strategies in solving tasks which require high cognitive effort.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.10
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• pp.323-354
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• 2005

As with the vast array of computer technology and its rapid development, along with the entry of the internet as one of the necessities of life, the so-called cyber space has become a vital component of our modern day living. While such cyber space has provided the society with much convenience and utility as to the gathering and acquiring of information, crimes involving cyber space has accordingly increased in both number and form, Nevertheless, the conventional law as existed before the development of the cyber space were unable to meet the demands of this new breed of crime, which inevitably led to the gap in the government ability to punish such criminals, Thus, in response to the rising number of cyber crimes, a large number of nations have either created or is in the process of committing human and financial resources to strengthen the investigative powers relating to cyber crimes and creating a new area of prohibiting such crimes. As a overview of cyber crime, (1)defines the terms, describes features of cyber crime, (2)explains the international prevention necessity of cyber crime, and (3)the necessity of legislating the cyber crime Fundamental Act (4)the recognition of the evidential values on the confiscated electronic records and reviews types of cyber crime including cyberterror. Lastly, emphasizes necessity on international cooperation for prevention of cyber crime as usual.