• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.65-65
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• 2000

For Video on Demand(VoD) servers, a design of an efficient scheduler is important to the support a large number of clients having various playback speeds and receiving rates. In this paper, we propose the scheduling algorithm to handle establishing deadlines and selection using the earliest deadline first. To establish deadlines and selections, the period of the receiving rates for each client is located between the over-max receiving rate and the over-playback rate. To avoid video starvation and the buffer overflow of each client, the proposed algorithm guarantees providing the admission control. Because of establishing deadlines and selection, period of each client receiving is between one over max receiving rate and one over play back rate. Using Virtual Buffer in server, scheduling load is reduced. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is verified using a Petri Net_Based simulation tool, Exspect.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.32-39
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• 2019

Conventional high-flux hemodialysis (HD) is not as good as normal kidney function. Morbidity and mortality rates of patients receiving HD are still very high. To increase mid-to-large molecule clearance by combining diffusion and convection, on-line hemodiafiltration (HDF) is required. The objective of this study was to compare long-term survival rate of patients treated with on-line HDF to those who received conventional high-flux HD by reviewing data from Chonnam National University Hospital (CNUH). We selected patients who attended the 'CUNH dialysis center' and agreed to participate in the study. Overall, 40 patients with ESRD switched from high flux HD to on-line HDF or started on-line HDF from August 2007 to December 2009. Additionally, a total of 42 patients receiving conventional high-flux HD during the same period were enrolled. We then reviewed long-term survival rate of patients receiving on-line HDF over the next seven years. When we compared survival rates for seven years, the survival rate of the group receiving on-line HDF was 65% (26/40) while that of the group receiving the conventional high-flux HD was 54.8% (23/42). Although the number of patients was small to see survival difference clearly by one specific dialysis modality, there was somewhat difference in survival rate between the two groups. Indicators such as anemia, calcium-phosphate metabolism, nutritional status, treatment adequacy, and hospitalization were also improved in the group receiving HDF. Overall, results of our study showed beneficial effects of on-line HDF on clinical outcomes and survival in chronic HD patients.

• 한국가스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가스학회 2005년도 추계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.175-181
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• 2005

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.111-122
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 운전자들의 경로선택 행태에서 교통정보 수신율이 네트워크 전반에 미치는 영향과 각 경로의 주행조건에 대한 운전자의 학습과정에 대해서 살펴보았으며, 교통상황이 정상성 및 비정상성을 따르는 경우, 공공기관의 유입교통량의 대소에 의해 유도되는 정보의 수신율이 증가함으로써 운전자의 경로선택행동이 네트워크에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 정보의 역효과가 나타남을 밝혔다. 또한, 정보수신율이 최적비율 이하인 경우에는 총통행시간이 정보가 없이 오직 자신의 경험에만 의존하는 경우보다 감소하여 정보제공의 효과가 있었지만, 최적비율 이상으로 유동정보에 따라 경로선택을 하는 운전자가 많아지면 정보의 역효과가 발생함도 증명하였다. 나아가, 교통환경이 정상성을 /따르는 경우에는 모든 운전자의 경로조건에 대한 학습과정과 이 경험을 축적함에 따라 어느 일정한 값으로 수렴해감을 알 수 있었다. 교통환경이 비정상성을 따르는 경우에는 주행조건에 대해 돌발적인 진동과 혼란상태가 발생하고 이 경우에도 무정보 환경보다는 어느정도의 비율로 유도정보가 주어지는 것이 네트워크 전체의 통행시간을 감소시킴으로써 정보의 효과가 있음도 확인하였다. 향후, 다양한 교통류 환경을 적용한 대규모 네트워크를 대상으로 한 운전자의 경로선택과 학습행동에 대한 연구와 정보의 정도에 따른 운전자의 행동을 고려한 정보의 제공방안에 대한 연구도 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 1997

The objective of this study was to observe the differences in growth of creeping bentgrass turf to 'polymer coated urea fertilizer' and 'uncoated urea fertilizer', and to analyze durability of fertilizer effect with the 'polymer coated urea'. The experiment was initiated on June 3, 1996, at the Iowa State University Horticulture Research Station, north of Ames, Iowa. The experiment was conducted on an area of 'Penneagle' Creeping bentgrass(Agrostis palustris) maintained at fair-'way mowing height (1.3cm). The study was repeated at the same arrangement beginning on July 25, 1996. Visual quality data, clipping fresh and dry weight, and nitrogen(N) content in the clippings were taken weekly. Quality of the turf increased with increasing N rate. While quality ratings were higher for turf receiving polymer coated urea than for turf receiving uncoated urea at several times following treatment, but not significant. Fresh and dry clipping weights were quite variable during the trial. Visual quality rating and clipping yields improved with increasing rates of N but these differences were not statically significant between polymer coated and uncoated urea treatment. The durability of fertilizer efficiency in polymer coated urea was not last longer compare with uncoated urea from two weeks after treatment. Higher rates of N application increased the concentration of N in tissue but no significant differences between turf plots receiving polymer coated and uncoated urea. Key words: Polymer coated urea, Creeping bentgrass, Fertilizer, Turfgrass.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.92-101
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• 2020

Background: Delirium is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by sudden impairments in consciousness, attention, and perception. The evidence of successful pharmacological interventions for delirium is limited, and medication recommendations for managing delirium are not standardized. This study aimed to provide evidence of antipsychotics for symptomatic treatment of delirium in cancer patients receiving palliative care. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed adult cancer patients in palliative care who received antipsychotic delirium treatment at Severance Hospital between January 2016 and June 2019. The efficacy was evaluated primarily by resolution rates. The resolution of delirium was defined as neurological changes from drowsiness, confusion, stupor, sedation, or agitation to alertness or significant symptomatic improvements described in the medical records. The safety was studied primarily by adverse drug reaction incidence ratios. Results: Of the 63 enrolled patients, 60 patients were included in the statistical analysis and were divided into three groups based on which antipsychotic medication they were prescribed [quetiapine (n=27), haloperidol (n=25) and co-administration of quetiapine and haloperidol (n=8)]. The resolution ratio showed quetiapine to be more effective than haloperidol (p=0.001). No significant differences were seen in adverse drug reaction rates among the three groups (p=0.332). Conclusions: Quetiapine was considered the most effective medication for delirium, with no significant differences in adverse drug reaction rates. Therefore, quetiapine may be considered a first-line medication for treating delirium in cancer patients receiving palliative care. However, further studies comparing more diverse antipsychotics among larger populations are still needed.

• 한국인구학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.167-186
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• 1982

Financial barrier is well known as a determinant of the perceived need for and utilization of medical care in urban areas. This study aims to; a) estimate the levels of the perceived need for and utilization of medical care, b) analyze the reasons for not receiving medical care, and c) determine factors affecting the levels of need and utilization, and major reasons for not receiving medical care. The data of household interview survey in urban areas collected for a National Survey on Reorganization of Nationwide Health Care Delivery Network is used. An interview was conducted with a total of 2, 538 households in urban areas during a 28 day period of October through November, 1981, giving an overall response rate of 99 percent. The results show a factor of third-party payer is most influential to utilization (physician visits by patient), and living standard is a determinant to explain the variance of major reasons for not receiving medical care. Therefore, financial burden is still a major determent in utilization of medical care in urban areas. Improved level of living standard and expanded coverage of the third-party payer such as health insurance and public medical assistance will increase both an overall levels of utilization of and the need for medical care in urban areas in the future. The major statistics are as follows; a) rate of the need for medical care during a 15 day period per 100 persons was 33 percent: the differential rates appeared in sex, age, living standard, and third- party payer variables, b) percent of treatment employed per 100 persons who are wanting medical care was 82: the percents were high in young ages, high levels of living standard and education, and persons covered by third-party payer, and c) economic reasons for not receiving medical care per 100 persons who are wanting medical care were occupied with 60 percent: the rates are high in old ages, low levels of living standard and persons not covered by third-party payer.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.150-155
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• 2015

최근 전세계적인 액화천연가스(LNG) 수요의 증가로 인해 LNG 터미널의 건설이 크게 늘어나고 있으며 기존의 LNG 터미널도 저장시설을 확장하고 있는 추세이다. 이에 따라 LNG 터미널의 다수의 저장탱크가 존재할 때 LNG를 송출하게 될 탱크와 각 송출량을 선택하는 것은 전체 공정 운전에 중대한 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 전체 송출량이 정해져 있을 경우 레벨이 각기 다른 탱크들에 대해 발생하는 BOG 양을 최소화 할 수 있도록 각 탱크의 송출량을 최적화하는 연구를 수행하였다. 저장 탱크의 특성과 구조에 맞게 벽면과 바닥면에서 유입되는 열과 탱크 재질의 열전도도를 고려한 동적모델을 구성하였고, 레벨을 변화시켜 각 레벨에 따른 BOG 양을 계산하여 얻은 BOG 발생량을 탱크 레벨에 따라 지수함수로 회귀분석하였다. 이를 통해 탱크의 특성과 레벨에 따라 BOG 발생량을 예측할 수 있는 BOR(Boil-off Rate) 모델을 얻을 수 있었다. 개발한 BOR 모델을 이용하여 BOG 발생량을 최소화하는 목적함수를 설정하고 요구되는 송출량, 탱크내 레벨 제한, 탱크 당 가능한 송출량을 제한조건으로 설정하여 각 탱크의 최적 송출량을 결정하는 운전 최적화를 수행하였다. 이를 실제 운전되고 있는 인천 LNG 터미널의 18개 저장탱크에 적용하여 다양한 레벨이 분포되어 있고 총 송출량이 80,000 m3/day(최대 송출량)이 요구되는 시나리오에 대해 최적화를 수행하여 가정한 기존의 운전방법과 비교하였을 때 BOG 양을 약 9% 감소시킬 수 있었다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2012

구조물 안정성 평가를 위한 무선 모니터링 시스템의 경우 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있는 측정거리에 한계가 존재한다. 본 연구의 목적은 무선 모니터링 시스템에서 측정거리의 변화가 계측된 데이터의 미치는 영향을 파악하는 것이다. 이를 위해 데이터로거와 수신기 사이는 블루투스 규격을, 수신기와 화면출력장치 사이는 와이파이 규격을 이용하여 무선 모니터링 시스템을 구축하였다. 모노파일 구조물의 하중응답을 모사하기 위하여 나일론 재질로 모형 모노파일을 제작하였으며, 해머 타격장치를 이용하여 하중재하를 실시하였다. 모형 모노파일에 설치된 전기저항식 변형률계를 데이터로거에 연결하여 모니터링을 수행하였다. 데이터로거와 수신기 사이의 거리 그리고 수신기와 화면출력장치 사이의 거리를 변화시켜 거리에 따른 측정값을 비교하였다. 실험결과, 블루투스 규격과 와이파이 규격 모두 유효범위 내에서는 측정거리의 증가에 따라 데이터 수신율이 거의 일정하였으나, 유효범위를 넘어서는 데이터의 수신율이 급격히 감소하는 경향이 관찰되었다. 또한, 데이터의 수신율은 모노파일의 고유주파수 분석에도 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 수행한 무선 모니터링 시스템의 유효범위 평가는 해상에 설치되는 모노파일과 같은 구조물의 안정성 평가를 위한 무선 모니터링 시스템 구성시 측정거리의 결정에 기초적 자료로 활용될 수 있음을 보여준다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1131-1136
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• 2003

Forty-eight individually fed Angus steers (body weight $220kg{\pm}9.1$) were utilized to investigate the effects of copper (Cu) source and concentration on lipid metabolism and carcass quality. Steers were stratified by body weight and initial liver Cu concentration and randomly assigned to one of five groups. Groups were then randomly assigned to treatments. Treatments consisted of: 1) control (no supplemental Cu); 2) 10 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$; 3) 10 mg Cu/kg DM from a Cu amino acid complex (Availa Cu) 4) 20 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$; and 5) 20 mg Cu/kg DM from Availa Cu. Steers were fed a corn-alfalfa-based growing diet for 56 d. Steers were then switched to a high concentrate finishing diet for 145 d. On day 74 of the finishing phase subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from three steers/treatment to determine basal and stimulated lipolytic rates in vitro. Steers were then slaughtered after receiving the finishing diet for 145 d. Control steers tended (p<0.12) to have lower ceruloplasmin (Cp) activity than Cu supplemented steers. Steers receiving 20 mg Cu/kg DM from Availa Cu had higher (p<0.03) Cp activity than steers receiving 20 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$. Plasma non-esterified fatty acids were similar across treatments. Steers receiving 10 mg Cu/kg DM from Availa Cu had higher (p<0.02) total plasma cholesterol concentrations relative to steers receiving 10 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$. Steers receiving 20 mg Cu/kg DM from Availa Cu had lower (p<0.03) plasma triglyceride concentrations than steers supplemented with 20 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$. Fatty acid profile of longissimus muscle was similar across treatments. Backfat depth tended (p<0.18) to be lower in Cu supplemented steers relative to controls. Steers supplemented with 20 mg Cu/kg DM from Availa Cu had heavier (p<0.03) hot carcass weights and a greater (p<0.02) dressing percentage than steers supplemented with 20 mg Cu/kg DM from $CuSO_4$. Furthermore, in vitro basal (p<0.06) and epinephrine stimulated (p<0.04) lipolytic rates of subcutaneous adipose tissue were higher in Cu supplemented steers relative to controls. The results of this study suggest that Cu supplementation has minimal effects on blood and lean tissue lipid profile. However, it appears that Cu may play a role in lipid metabolism in subcutaneous adipose tissue.