• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.5-29
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• 2002

This study was to analyze the social identity described in the dress of the American novelist Pearl S. Buck's (1892-1973) major works. A novelist pursues varying and refined expressions in an effort to convey to readers the character' identities of his or her own creation. In particular, Pearl S, Buck was a great writer who was awarded the Novel Literature Prize, and since her work The Good Earth recorded a world-wide bestseller, she might well be called a popular novelist. She depicted well her characters' identities from divers viewpoints with her unique delicacy and realistic expressions. For this study, the following seven works which are considered to feature the dresses for character's identity well were selected out of her 85 works: The Good Earth (1931), Sons(1932), The Mother (1934), A Housed Divided (1935), The Hidden Flower (1952), Love and the Morning Calm (1953) and Letter from Peking (1957). For an analytical tool, the content analysis method was used. In order to systematically review the social identity described in the dress individuals' identity were classified into the following categories based on the identity theories: Social identity were divided into ① age identity ② sex, gender identity ③ economic identity ④ occupational identity ⑤ political identity ⑥ religious identity ⑦ kinship identity ⑧ regional identity. The characters' age identity, sex, gender identity, economic identity, occupational identity, political identity, religious identity, kinship identity, regional identity were depicted by their dresses and physical features. All in all, it is hoped that this study would provided important cues to the understanding of the other party's identity through his or her dresses in mutual relationship: It is believed that this study would be useful because they are arranged through the analysis of the dresses featured in the great writer's works using a consistent framework of analysis.

• School Mathematics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.161-192
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• 2002

This paper investigated the teaching and teaming of contents-related graphing in Korean secondary textbooks and suggested the improved methods of graph instruction through this analysis. reification-the case of function, In Harel, G., Dubinsky(Eds.), The Concept of Function : Aspects of Epistemology and Pedagogy Textbooks are analyzed from the viewpoint of the proportion of graphing contents, their sequencing, the proportion of each domain in graphing activities (interpretation vs. construction, quantitative vs. qualitative aspect, local vs. global aspect) and tasks (prediction, translation, scaling), and the difference in the graphing contents between the sixth and the seventh curriculum. This analysis demonstrates that graphing contents are increasing in textbooks, therefore the high school textbooks appear in almost every content area. The graphing activities concentrate on the construction, the quantitative aspects, and the local aspects, and are gradually focusing on the interpretation and global aspects of high school textbooks. Furthermore, most of graphing tasks favor translation. In contrast, the current seventh curriculum includes a balance of interpretation and construction activities and has more global aspects than the sixth curriculum based textbooks; however, the qualitative approach still rarely appears. For the graphing tasks, translation is still prevalent, but the importances of prediction tasks based on graph have increased in comparison with the sixth curriculum textbooks. Further, the seventh curriculum based textbooks are designed to stimulate more dynamic graphing instruction by introducing new tools such as graphing calculators and computer software. We suggest that the qualitative and global aspects should be emphasized in early graph instruction, a variety of graph activities in realistic contexts should be performed, and educational technology such as graphing calculator and computer can be efficient to implement these ideas.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.392-405
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aims to develop a self-reflection program for nurses who have experienced the death of pediatric patients in the intensive care unit and to evaluate its effectiveness. Methods: The self-reflection program was developed by means of the following four steps: establishment of the goal through investigation of an initial request, drawing up the program, preliminary research, and implementation and improvement of the program. The study employed a methodological triangulation to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. Participants were 38 nurses who had experienced the death of pediatric patients (experimental group=15, control group=23); they were recruited using convenience sampling. The self-reflection program was provided over 6 weeks (6 sessions). Data were collected from April to August, 2014 and analyzed using t-tests and content analysis. Results: The quantitative results showed that changes in personal growth (t=-6.33, p<.001) and burnout scores (z=-2.76, p=.005) were better in the experimental group compared to the control group. The qualitative results exhibited two themes, namely "personal growth" and "professional growth", and ten sub-themes. Conclusion: The self-reflection program developed by this study was effective in helping nurses who had experienced the death of pediatric patients to achieve personal growth through self-reflection, and it was confirmed that the program can be applied in a realistic clinical nursing setting. Furthermore, it can be recommended as an intervention program for clinical nurses.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.99-104
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• 2014

Generally, human eye blinks are closely associated with the cognitive state or visual attention such as attentional requirements on visual stimuli. These previous studies have reported that eye blinks are related to explicit visual attention using blink rate, pattern and blink timing across subjects. However, these results have been obtained in a well-controlled experimental settings. So, it would prove difficult to investigate human's natural response in a continuous and realistic situation. In our study, we measured the eye blink intervals while participants viewed a movie clip. And we analyzed the blink interval data for relationship between visual attention and eye blink intervals. 24 participants took part in two experimental sessions, first session to measure the IEBI while viewing the movie clip and second session to conduct a memory performance test using a self-questionnaire, which were spaced 3 weeks apart. The results indicate significantly higher memory performance at long IEBI period than short IEBI period while watching a movie clip(t = 3.257, df = 17, p < 0.005, 2-tailed). In addition, memory performance score significantly correlated with the IEBI value(spearman's rho = 0.40, N = 36, p < 0.01, 2-tailed). Our results suggest that IEBI is used to measure or assess visual attention while wiewing the movie that it is capable of simulating aspects of real-life experiences by visual attention. Thus, we expect IEBI to be used to measure or assess our visual attention, cognition, further emotion about not only movies, advertisements and other cultural contents but also cognitive science.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.453-463
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• 2018

This study investigated the effects of an Augmented Reality(AR) implemented book on flow of reading, interest in history, and acquisition of history knowledge. Perceptions of AR infused books were investigated as well. Researchers provided a history book implementing AR and the same book without any AR content respectively to an experiment group(n=15) and a control group(n=15) composed of $3^{rd}$ and $4^{th}$ grade elementary school children. Results indicate that AR implemented reading had a positive effect on the flow of reading and interest in history, but not on acquisition of history knowledge. Also, AR-based contents were attractive to learners due to its amusing characters, sound, realistic visual motions, and vivid three-dimensional effects. Lastly, students preferred amusing interesting characters, lengthier animations and subtitles, and AR that could be seen without holding smart devices for a long while.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.99-111
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• 2012

This study intends to explore the collaborative expression in the modern fashion design by analyzing the collaboration of motifs symbolizing Korean cultural identity. As for the data research, in order to examine the expressional objects of collaboration in the collections of the fashion designers from Korea and overseas who have applied the Korean culture among their collections posted on the Internet sites, www.firstview.com, and www.style.com from 2005 to 2012 were collected for analysis. 923 pictures used in the analysis sheet. As for the research method, the content analysis method was used. In the modern fashion design, the collaborative expression in the motifs symbolizing Korean cultural identity are limited to tangible expression, intangible expression, integrated expression. The results of this study were as follows. First, in the tangible expression, traditional tangible assets are used in the shapes, items, colors, materials, patterns and details to symbolize uniquely Korean image. The intangible expression, the applicability for Korean intangible assets include the master's (intangible cultural assets) and the craftsmanship of the modern designers being collaborated onto the contemporary customs to express the Korean traditional culture in a realistic or an abstract trend. The hybride expression, it is to represent Korean thoughts and values using the tangible elements. Second, The expressivity of collaboration of each year mostly shows integrated expression, intangible expression and tangible expression were shown respectively. The trend of seasonal collaboration expressivity was muchly the integrated expression in most seasons, and intangible expression and tangible expression followed respectively. It is recognizable that the expressivity of collaboration of each designer was; integrated expression was muchly shown in Lie Sang Bong and Lee Young Hee's works, Duri Jung showed much of intangible expression, and much tangible expressivity was shown in Carolina Herrera.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.127-140
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• 2002

The goal of the study is to find the necessary measures to facilitate a desirable Technology and Home Economics curriculum by reflecting the perception and needs of the teachers, principals, educational specialists from the perspective of the curriculum content, professionalism of the teacher, realistic operations of the school, and the administration of the school system. The research was executed through mail surveys to nationwide junior high school technology teachers, home education leachers, principals and to educational specialists. The results obtained from the research are as follows. 1) The integration of Technology and Home Economics was perceived to lessen the burden of students. However the background knowledge and characteristics of the two curriculums are different, and in addition there is a negative perception due to the fact that it is hard to facilitate a class with just one teacher, 2) The issues that were most serious to teachers, principals and education specialists were professionalism of the teacher, qualification of the teachers, and teaching method. 3) In regards to qualifications of the teacher, the teachers requested that teachers should have single qualification in'Technology(or Home Economics)'. The principals were of the similar opinion but the educational professionals wanted dual qualification for both'Technology'and'Home Economics'. As for teaching methodology all 3 groups responded that from the teacher and student perspective the teaching should be divided whereas from the school's perspective the responsibility should be put on a single teacher. 4) Teachers responded that from the perspective of the teacher, parent or student Technology and Home Economics should be separated into taro subjects. On the other hand the principals and educational specialists agreed that from their own perspective Technology and Home Economics should remain an integrated subject and the teaching should be done by one teacher but replied that from the student or parent perspective division of responsibility in teaching would be appropriate.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.497-500
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• 2008

In order to prevent deterioration of reinforced concrete structures exposed to marine environment, performance based durability design than the design by conventional deemed-to-satisfy rule should be concerned. For example, even though chloride threshold level, which is a major parameter for durability design, is defined as a 1.2 $kg/m^3$ in the Korean concrete specification, it shows that the chloride threshold level leads to over design in its real application so that realistic value should be determined for the performance design. In this paper, not only the probabilistic properties of chloride threshold level obtained from published data are taken into account, but also the experimental results of the probabilistic properties using surface chloride content, diffusion coefficient, cover depth are considered in the assessment utilizing the concept of performance based durability design. In computation, the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) is used to perform an assessment due to chloride attack for a target submerged tunnel box. This study found that the specification on current chloride threshold level should be modified for more rational and accurate assessment and design.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.147-161
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• 2020

Constructive merging of "basic" systems of different behavior creates hybrid systems. In doing so, the structural elements are grouped according to the behavior in carrying the load into a geometric order that provides sufficient load and structure functionality and optimization of the material consumption. Applicable in all materializations and logical geometric forms is a transparent system suitable for the optimization of load-bearing structures. Research by individual authors gave insight into suitable system constellations from the aspect of load capacity and the approximatemethod of estimating the participation of partialstiffnesswithin the rigidity ofthe hybrid system. The obtained terms will continue to be the basisfor our own research of the influence of variable parameters on the behavior of hybrid systemsformed of glued laminated girder and cable of different geometric shapes. Previous research has shown that by applying the strut-type hybrid systems can increase the load capacity and reduce the deformability ofthe free girder.The implemented parametric analysis pointsto the basic parameterin the behavior of these systems-the rigidity ofindividual elements and the overallstiffnessofthe system.The basic idea ofpre-stressing is that, in the load system or individual load-bearing element, prior to application of the exploitation load, artificially challenge the forcesthatshould optimize the finalsystembehaviorin the overall load. Pre-stressing is possible only if the supporting system orsystem's element possesssufficientstrength orstiffness, orreaction to the imposed forces of pre-stressing. In this paper will be presented own research of the relationship of partial stiffness of strut-type hybrid systemsofdifferentgeometric forms.Conducted parametric analysisofhybridsystemswithandwithoutpre-stressing, and on the example of the glulam-steel strut-type hybrid system under realistic conditions of change in the moisture content ofthe wooden girder,resulted in accurate expressions and diagramssuitable for application in practice.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.771-778
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• 2014

This paper concerns the flexural behavior of hybrid steel fiber-reinforced ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) beams. It presents experimental research results of hybrid steel fiber-reinforced UHPC with steel fiber content of 1.5% by volume and steel reinforcement ratio of less than 0.02. This study aims at providing realistic information about UHPC beams in bending in order to establish a reasonable prediction model for flexural resistance in structural code in the future. The experimental results show that hybrid steel fiber-reinforced UHPC is in favor of cracking resistance and ductility of beams. The ductility indices range through 9.2 to 15.2, which means high ductility of UHPC. Also, the flexural capacity of beam which contains stirrups in pure bending zone is similar to that of beam which does not contain stirrups in pure bending zone. This result represents that the flexural capacity is not affected by the presence of stirrups whose spacing is 150 mm in bending zone.