• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.681-687
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• 2011

Bioorgan transgenic cloned mini pig has a problem of growth retardation in uterus during end of pregnancy so that survival rate is very low in newborn piglet. In order to support their life after birth, cesarean section of fetus with sufficient growth in uterus was tested in this study. First of all, fetus growth measured using a ultrasound scanner during pregnancy in transgenic mini pig, comparing normal pig. After 113 days for delivering, fetus was removed out of uterus. Fetus growth for normal pig was 1.8 cm at 4weeks and 14.4 cm at end of pregnancy (15 weeks). At 113 days, fetus growth was $15.9{\pm}4$ cm in ultrasound scanner and real growth measurement from fetus removal out of uterus was $16.0{\pm}2$ cm. It is very a similar result between measurement of ultrasound scanner and real measurement. Therefore, using ultrasound scanner for measuring fetus growth will be useful to predict fetus growth in uterus.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2020

Objective: Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a major sequela after surgery or radiotherarpy for breast cancer. Manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) is designed to reduce lymph swelling by facilitating lymphatic drainage. This study attempted to determine the histologic changes in the skin and subcutaneous layer, and the immediate effect of MLD in decreasing lymphedema using ultrasound imaging, which is the method used most commonly to eliminate BCRL. Design: A single-group experimental study. Methods: Five subjects who were diagnosed with hemiparetic upper extremity lymphedema more than six months after breast cancer surgery participated in the study. MLD was performed for 60 minutes in the order of the thorax, breast, axilla, and upper arm of the affected side. In order to determine the effect of MLD, ultrasound imaging and limb volume were assessed. Two measurement tools were used for asessing lymphedema thickness among the pretest, posttest, and 30-minute follow-up period. Results: Significant diferences in ultrasound imaging and upper limb volume were found between the affected side and non-affected side (p<0.05). On the affected side, although ultrasound imaging showed a significant decrease after MLD (p<0.05), there were no significant difference in upper limb volume when compared to the baseline. Conclusions: In this study, a significant decrease in lymphedema by MLD was demonstrated by ultrasound imaging, which is considered to be more useful in assessing histological changes than limb volume measurements. Further research on the protocol for eliminating lymphedema will be needed.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2006

초음파법을 이용한 고체추진제 연소속도를 측정하기 위해 특별한 연소챔버와 초음파-압력측정시스템을 설계, 제작하였다. 그리고 추진제에 대한 가압실험과 연소실험 중에 이 시스템을 이용해 초음파와 압력신호를 획득했다. 획득한 신호를 바탕으로 압력에 따른 연소속도를 측정할 수 있는 연소속도해석프로그램을 개발하였다. 연소속도 측정프로그램은 압력에 따른 추진제의 음속의 변화를 보정한 것과 추진제와 고체커플런트의 음속변화를 보정한 것 두 가지 알고리즘을 이용하였다. 그리고 각 알고리즘에 대한 연소속도 측정정밀도가 스트랜드버너법으로 측정된 연소속도와 비교하여 계산되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.468-474
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• 2006

Real time ultrasound data was generated on 10,596 live Hanwoo cows to study genetic variation on ultrasonic beef quality traits and to assess the best model to estimate genetic parameters on these traits. Pedigree stacking and data validation was done using the SAS statistical software and the genetic parameter estimates were obtained by EM-REML algorithm. Out of the five different multi-trait mixed animal models constructed, the optimal model included fixed effects of herd, year-season-appraisal, body condition score, linear and quadratic covariates for chest girth, the linear covariate effect of age and the random animal and residual effect of the five models studied. The heritability of longissimus muscle area (LMA), $12^{th}$ rib measurement of back fat thickness (BF) and marbling score (MS) was 0.11, 0.17 and 0.15, respectively. Genetic correlation of LMA vs. BF, LMA vs. MS and BF vs. MS was -0.15, 0.06 and 0.61, respectively. The results showed presence of genetic variation in these ultrasonic beef quality traits in Hanwoo cows and suggest that the selection of Hanwoo cows may be possible by performing ultrasonic scans on live animals, which will ultimately be helpful in reducing the generation interval and the cost of selection procedure.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2016

Background: The toe-spread-out (TSO) exercise has been introduced as a strengthening exercise for the abductor hallucis muscle in subjects with hallux valgus. Visual biofeedback using ultrasound imaging during exercise, may increase the ability to selectively contract the abductor hallucis muscle, compared with exercise alone. Objects: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ultrasound imaging visual feedback during the TSO exercise with respect to its influence on the angle of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (1st MPJ) and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the abductor hallucis muscle in subjects with hallux valgus. Methods: Twenty-five healthy young subjects with a mean average age of 22.5 years, and a standard deviation of 2.3 years, were recruited for this study. Hallux valgus was defined as an angles greater than $15^{\circ}$ angle of 1st MPJ. Goniometric measurement was used to determine the angle of 1st MPJ. In addition, an ultrasound system was used to collect the CSA of the abductor hallucis muscle in each foot. The angle of the 1st MPJ and CSA of the abductor hallucis were measured in three positions; the resting position, during TSO exercise, and during TSO exercise in conjunction with real-time ultrasound imaging feedback. All data analyzed using a repeated analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction in order to compare the dependent variables in all three positions. Statistical level of significance was set up as p<.05. Results: The angle of the 1st MPJ was noted to be significantly reduced and the CSA of the abductor hallucis to be significantly greater during TSO exercise used in conjunction with ultrasound imaging visual feedback, compared to when the values were recorded during TSO exercise alone (p<.05). Conclusion: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the application of ultrasound imaging visual feedback during TSO exercise is more effective in contracting selectively the abductor hallucis than the use of exercise alone.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2004

Real time ultrasonic measurements for 13th rib fat thickness (LBF), longissimus muscle area (LEMA) and marbling score (LMS) of live animal at pre-harvest and subsequent carcass measurements for fat thickness (BF), longissimus muscle area (EMA), marbling score (MS) as well as body weight of live animal, carcass weight (CW), dressing percentage (DP), and total merit index (TMI) on 755 Korean beef steers were analyzed to estimate genetic parameters. Data were analyzed using multivariate animal models with an EM-REML algorithm. Models included fixed effects for year-season of birth, location of birth, test station, age of dam, linear and quadratic covariates for age or body weight at slaughter and random animal and residual effects. The heritability estimates for LEMA, LBF and LMS on RTU scans were 0.17, 0.41 and 0.55 in the age-adjusted model (Model 1) and 0.20, 0.52 and 0.55 in the weight-adjusted model (Model 2), respectively. The Heritability estimates for subsequent traits on carcass measures were 0.20, 0.38 and 0.54 in Model 1 and 0.23, 0.46 and 0.55 in Model 2, respectively. Genetic correlation estimate between LEMA and EMA was 0.81 and 0.79 in Model 1 and Model 2, respectively. Genetic correlation estimate between LBF and BF were high as 0.97 in Model 1 and 0.98 in Model 2. Real time ultrasonic marbling score were highly genetically correlated to carcass MS of 0.89 in Model 1 and 0.92 in Model 2. These results indicate that RTU scans would be alterative to carcass measurement for genetic evaluation of meat quality in a designed progeny-testing program in Korean beef cattle.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2010

The reliability of the thickness measurement of the lumbar multifidus (LMD using real-time ultrasonography (US) was determined in only the superficial fiber of the lumbar multifidus (SM). However, previous studies have not examined the reliability of the deep fiber of the LM (DM). The purpose of this study was to determine the intrarater and the interrater reliability of the thickness measurements of DM using US. Eleven heathy males participated in the study. The thickness of the DM was measured with an US in the prone position. Reliability was examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), standard error of the measurement (SEM), and the Bland and Altman plot. ICC(3,1) was used to calculate the interrater reliability of the thickness measurement of DM using the values from both the first and second test sessions. Additionally, ICC(3,1) was used to calculate the intrarater reliability of the measurements over two days using the measurements obtained in test session 1 and lest session 2. The results of this study were as follows: 1) the ICC(3,1) value for interrater reliability was .94 in the first test session, and .93 in the second test session. 2) the ICC(3,1) values for intrarater reliability of the measurements over two days was .90 in both the first examiner and the second examiner. The interrater reliability and interrater reliability of the DM measurements, obtained via the US protocol used in this research was excellent. Therefore, we conclude that the thickness measurement of the DM obtaioned from the US protocol used in this research would be useful for clinician assessment of the thickness of the DM.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.324-330
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of the current study was to compare the muscle architecture of lower extremity using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) in young adults in Seoul and Hanoi. Methods: The study design was a comparative study of muscle cross-sectional area of lower extremity. Sixty healthy young subjects (Seoul group: 30, Hanoi group: 30) participated in this study. Real-time B-mode RUSI with a 7.5MHz linear transducer was used for measurement of cross-sectional area, pennation angle, and muscle thickness of the rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, and medial gastrocnemius muscles. Independent t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Significant difference in cross sectional area of rectus femoris was observed between Korean young adults and Hanoi young adults (p<0.01). Muscle thickness and pennation angle of tibialis anterior in Korean young adults were greater than in Hanoi young adults (p<0.01). In addition, the muscle thickness and pennation angle of the medial part of gastrocnemius muscle were greater in Korean young adults than in Hanoi young adults (p<0.01). In addition, in the results for gender, men had larger muscle architectures than women in both groups (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study, using RUSI, showed significant difference in muscle architectures of lower extremity in a diverse group of young adults RUSI.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2002년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.835-838
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• 2002

동작되고 있는 고전압 기기는 전기의 독특한 특성 때문에 초음파 방출을 유발하는 특유한 소리를 방출한다. 초음파 방출이란 아킹, 코로나, 트래킹과 같은 전기적변화에 의해서 발생된다 고전압 전력 설비에서 아킹, 코로나, 트래킹은 여러 가지 장애를 일으킬 뿐만 아니라 인체에도 매우 치명적인 손상을 야기한다. 고전압 기기의 장애 요소를 방지하고 사전에 진단하기 위해 초음파 측정이 주목받게 되었지만 아직까지 기초적인 측정 데이터가 충분히 제시되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 변압기 설비에서 발생하는 초음파 이상음을 분석하고 분석한 자료를 표준 데이터화 하는데 그 목적을 둔다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2003

한우의 고급육과 관련된 비육생리를 규명하여 최적의 출하시기를 결정하고 한우 개량을 위한 종축검정에 참고자료를 제공하기 위하여1999-2000년도에 출생하고 한우 후대검정에 공시된 거세 검정우들 중 127두를 무작위 추출하여 생후 11개월령부터 24개월령 출하시까지 1개월 단위로 생체단층촬영기를 이용하여 육질을 조사하였다. 조사된 자료를 이용하여 월령별 또는 체중 증가에 따른 배장근단면적, 등지방두께 및 근내지방도의 변화를 살펴보았고 이들 측정치가 도축하여 조사된 실측치와 상관관계를 알아 보았다. 분석결과 배장근단면적의 증가는 체중의 증가와 상당히 밀접하게 관계되었으며(P<0.01) 등지방두께의 증가는 비육후기로 갈수록 월령의 이차항과 정의 관계를 보였다(P<0.01). 근내지방도의 증가는 개체의 나이와 밀접한 관계를 보였으며(P<0.01) 개체간의 변이는 생후 11개월령부터 시작되고 있었으나 17개월령 이후로 갈수록 개체간 변이 폭이 커지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 월령별 육질 측정치가 실측정치와의 상관관계에 있어서는 나이 및 체중에 대한 보정을 실시하지 않았을 경우, 생후 17개월령 이후에 조사된 전형질에 있어서 0.6이상의 상관관계를 보이고 있었으며 22개월령 이후의 측정치와 실측치 간에는 90% 전후의 높은 상관관계를 보이고 있었다. 출하 2주 이내의 초음파 측정치와 도축 실측치와의 상관은 나이 및 체중에 대한 보정을 실시하고 추정하였을 때, 배장근단면적에 대하여는 0.91~9.92, 등지방두께에서 0.94 및 근내지방도에서 0.88으로 비교적 높게 추정되었다. 하지만 분석에 고려된 육질 관련 월령별 초음파 측정치들간에 상관은 비교적 낮게 추정되었는데 이는 적은 조사자료 및 초음파 측정의 오차 등에 기인한 것으로 사료되며 보다 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료되었다. 또한 한우에 있어서 생축으로부터 육질을 판정하기 위해서는 15-17개월령 이후가 적당할 것으로 사료되었으며 22개월령 전후의 측정치는 출하시기를 결정하는데 좋은 참고자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다. 한편 종축선발을 위한 육질 조기판정은 외국의 12개월령 측정치와는 달리 15개월령 측정치가 보다 타당하다고 사료되었으나 이들 측정치에 대한 유전적 변이에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료되었다.