• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.3-12
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• 2005

Many works have been published with using surrealism techniques among the representation characteristics of media space of video and art. It has begun to research on these work. But many of these researches have not cover surrealism techniques in game graphic. So, in this paper, we have analyzed representation characteristics of fantasy online game's character using surrealism techniques in surrealism. In result, there are means to express nonexistent image in real world in surrealism by using such as collage of parts of body, animals, and other object, deformation, and distortion. Also, these methods have been used in game characters of online game based on fantasy. We analyzed on characteristics of fantasy game's character in aesthetic point view. It should be profitable for making creative and favorable game characters and making creative game graphic by increasing the possibility of art techniques usage.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.77-93
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• 2008

The purpose of the study was to examine make-up expression elements of horror characters as an evil spirit, a vampire, a zombie, a monster and a psycho murderer through make-up, focused on horror movies of the United States after1960s. First, an evil spirit was expressed that the pupil grew dim without a focus and the skin was torn by going bad and rot completely. Also, it was expressed that its teeth was changed to pointed canine teeth as a wild beast and its pale and bloodless face showed blood vessels clearly. To express its bloodless and pale skin, air brush was swept into the skin over several times. Its canine tooth was made acryl powder into its shape and was harden to make its shape smooth. Also, it was colored to show people like the real thing. Second, a vampire was expressed by make-up elements as long nails, a sharp canine tooth, a pale skin with a blood vessel and dead eyes. Its rough skin and long nails were manufactured with latex foam, which was colored like the skin. Third, a monster image as a werewolf was expressed by make-up elements as fur, sharp teeth, changed nails and toenails, a rough skin and a face changed to a wolf. Rubber mask and rubber body suit were manufactured as a make-up of special character and so all its body was changed. Fourth, a psycho murderer and body-deformed man were expressed by make-up elements as a distorted mask, swelled-up and deformed skull and face form, terribly deformed body, discolored and hang down skin and teeth with an indeterminate form. Its body and face were manufactured by the foam latex technology according to make-up design as a make-up of special character.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.1155-1163
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• 2009

This paper proposes an automatic facial expression generation system of vector graphic character using gaussian process model. Proposed method extracts the main feature vectors from twenty-six facial data of character redefined based on Russell's internal emotion state. Also by using new gaussian process model, SGPLVM, we find low-dimensional feature data from extracted high-dimensional feature vectors, and learn probability distribution function (PDF). All parameters of PDF are estimated by maximization the likelihood of learned expression data, and these are used to select wanted facial expressions on two-dimensional space in real time. As a result of simulation, we confirm that proposed facial expression generation tool is working in the small facial expression datasets and can generate various facial expressions without prior knowledge about relation between facial expression and emotion.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.67-74
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• 2021

This paper intends to analyze the role expansion of characters, which was an important factor in setting the worldview in storytelling. With the development of media, the way of setting the worldview began to change. At the center of these changes are 'Transmedia' and 'Metaverse', which have recently been receiving attention. With the development of trans media, where the intersection and convergence of media is actively attempted, characters are breaking free from their innate limitations, crossing various media, and performing various activities in new stories. In addition, in the metaverse, an extended concept of the real world, avatars play a role in constructing and expanding the metaverse world as users and creators. By analyzing these changes, we would like to deal with the phenomenon in which character setting, which was used as an element in orthodox world view setting, replaces the world view.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.213-221
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• 2022

Intelligent Character Recognition System for Account Payable (ICRS AP) Automation represents the process of capturing text from scanned invoices and extracting the key fields from invoices and storing the captured fields into properly structured document format. ICRS plays a very critical role in invoice data streamlining, we are interested in data like Vendor Name, Purchase Order Number, Due Date, Total Amount, Payee Name, etc. As companies attempt to cut costs and upgrade their processes, accounts payable (A/P) is an example of a paper-intensive procedure. Invoice processing is a possible candidate for digitization. Most of the companies dealing with an enormous number of invoices, these manual invoice matching procedures start to show their limitations. Receiving a paper invoice and matching it to a purchase order (PO) and general ledger (GL) code can be difficult for businesses. Lack of automation leads to more serious company issues such as accruals for financial close, excessive labor costs, and a lack of insight into corporate expenditures. The proposed system offers tighter control on their invoice processing to make a better and more appropriate decision. AP automation solutions provide tighter controls, quicker clearances, smart payments, and real-time access to transactional data, allowing financial managers to make better and wiser decisions for the bottom line of their organizations. An Intelligent Character Recognition System for AP Automation is a process of extricating fields like Vendor Name, Purchase Order Number, Due Date, Total Amount, Payee Name, etc. based on their x-axis and y-axis position coordinates.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.161-170
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• 2019

Multi-product mass production small and medium enterprise factories have a wide variety of products and a large number of products, wasting manpower and expenses for inventory management. In addition, there is no way to check the status of inventory in real time, and it is suffering economic damage due to excess inventory and shortage of stock. There are many ways to build a real-time data collection environment, but most of them are difficult to afford for small and medium-sized companies. Therefore, smart factories of small and medium enterprises are faced with difficult reality and it is hard to find appropriate countermeasures. In this paper, we implemented the contents of extension of existing inventory management method through character extraction on label with barcode and QR code, which are widely adopted as current product management technology, and evaluated the effect. Technically, through preprocessing using OpenCV for automatic recognition and classification of stock labels and barcodes, which is a method for managing input and output of existing products through computer image processing, and OCR (Optical Character Recognition) function of Google vision API. And it is designed to recognize the barcode through Zbar. We propose a method to manage inventory by real-time image recognition through Raspberry Pi without using expensive equipment.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.113-120
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• 2020

Recently, the license plate OCR system has been commercialized in a variety of fields and preferred utilizing low-cost embedded systems using only cameras. This system has a high recognition rate of about 98% or more for the environments such as parking lots where non-vehicle is restricted; however, the environments where non-vehicle objects are not restricted, the recognition rate is about 50% to 70%. This low performance is due to the changes in the environment by non-vehicle objects in real-time situations that occur anomaly data which is similar to the license plates. In this paper, we implement the appropriate anomaly detection based on semi-supervised learning for the license plate OCR system in the real-time environment where the appearance of non-vehicle objects is not restricted. In the experiment, we compare systems which anomaly detection is not implemented in the preceding research with the proposed system in this paper. As a result, the systems which anomaly detection is not implemented had a recognition rate of 77%; however, the systems with the semi-supervised learning based on anomaly detection had 88% of recognition rate. Using the techniques of anomaly detection based on the semi-supervised learning was effective in detecting anomaly data and it was helpful to improve the recognition rate of real-time situations.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.15-24
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• 2007

The recognition of postal address images is indispensable for the automatic sorting of postal envelopes. The process of the address image recognition is composed of three steps-address image preprocessing, character recognition, address interpretation. The extracted character images from the preprocessing step are forwarded to the character recognition step, in which multiple candidate characters with reliability scores are obtained for each character image extracted. aracters with reliability scores are obtained for each character image extracted. Utilizing those character candidates with scores, we obtain the final valid address for the input envelope image through the address interpretation step. The envelope sorting rate depends on the performance of all three steps, among which character recognition step could be said to be very important. The good character recognizer would be the one which could produce valid candidates with very reliable scores to help the address interpretation step go easy. In this paper, we propose the method of generating character candidates with reliable recognition scores. We utilize the existing MLP(multilayered perceptrons) neural network of the address recognition system in the current automatic postal envelope sorters, as the classifier for the each image from the preprocessing step. The MLP is well known to be one of the best classifiers in terms of processing speed and recognition rate. The false alarm problem, however, might be occurred in recognition results, which made the address interpretation hard. To make address interpretation easy and improve the envelope sorting rate, we propose promising methods to reestimate the recognition score (confidence) of the existing MLP classifier: the generation method of the statistical recognition properties of the classifier and the method of the combination of the MLP and the subspace classifier which roles as a reestimator of the confidence. To confirm the superiority of the proposed method, we have used the character images of the real postal envelopes from the sorters in the post office. The experimental results show that the proposed method produces high reliability in terms of error and rejection for individual characters and non-characters.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.29B no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 1992

This paper is proposed a Modified WLD (Weighted Levenshtein Distance) algorithm for processor desihn of code-string matching. A proposed MWLD (Modified Weighted Levenshtein Distance) algorithm is consist of 1-dimension bit-serial array processor to pattern matching using a Hamming Distance. The proposed processor is applied to recognition of character with real time input. The recognition rate of Hangul strokes is resulted to 98.65$\%$

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.717-722
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• 1999

The set of continuous maps of a space X to real usual space R equipped with the toplogy of pointwise convergence will be denoted by $C_p$(X). In this paper, we prove that; $C_p$(X) is hereditarily separable and hereditary Lindelof if and only if $X^n$ is hereditarily separable and hereditary Lindelof.