• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.217-225
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• 2012

In this study, the treatability of two target contaminants during the Fenton reaction, n-hexadecane and 1-methylnaphthalene, was evaluated as a function of the amounts of $FeCl_2$ and $H_2O_2$ injected into open and closed reaction systems. In the Fenton reaction of n-hexadecane and 1-methylnaphthalene, the mass recovery of the target contaminants was above 95% in the closed system. However, when the Fenton reaction was performed with high amounts of $H_2O_2$ and $FeCl_2$ injected in the open system, a reduction of approximately 40% of the initial mass of 1-methylnaphthalene was observed. This trend may be explained by the unique physical properties of 1-methylnaphthalene, which has higher volatility than n-hexadecane. Further, this trend was well correlated with the rise in high temperature at the initial reaction stage. Considering the mass recovery of the two target contaminants, the reaction temperature, and the residual concentration of $H_2O_2$ at different amounts of $FeCl_2$ and $H_2O_2$ injected, it can be suggested that the Fenton reaction should be performed with controlled conditions that can provide a suitable reaction environment between oxidant and contaminants.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권9호
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• pp.1489-1492
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• 2007

Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction containing oxalic acid and acetone as a mixed organic substrate catalyzed by Ce(IV) in a flow system has been investigated. The reaction system is analyzed by varying flow rate, inflow concentrations, and temperature. Interchangeable oscillating patterns are observed in a certain range of concentrations, and above or below the condition a steady state is obtained. The increase in temperature increases the frequency and decreases the amplitude of oscillations. The apparent activation energy for the system is calculated by using the Arrhenius equation, which means that temperature has a greater effect on the reaction. Bifurcation phase diagrams for the system show the region of oscillations or steady states along with a small region of multistability. Further the behavioral trend observed in this system is discussed by mechanistic character of the system.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.21-25
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• 2005

본 연구는 인간의 정신부하작업중 반응시간이 제한된 긴급상황에서 시스템이 비정상적인 상태로 변화할 경우 인간의 수행도 특성을 살펴보고 이를 보조할 수 있는 보조장치의 설계에 도움을 주는 기준 안을 제시하고자 한다. 긴급상황에서 최우선시 되는 수행도는 반응시간보다는 시스템을 성공적으로 제어하여 비극적인 재해를 방지하는 일이다. 그러므로 여러 작업 수행도들 중에서 제어에 실패하게 되는 요인의 영향도를 알아내는 것이 중요하다. 실험결과 인간의 반응은 극히 제한된 짧은 반응시간내의 단일작업에서의 수행도는 시스템의 전체 영향도를 제대로 반영하지 못함을 알 수 있었다. 이럴 경우 부수작업을 부여했을 때 시스템의 변화 요인의 영향도를 더욱 잘 나타내는 것임을 유도하였다. 그러므로 시스템의 상황이 비 정상적인 상태로 진행될 경우, 특히 이러한 상황에서 반응해야 할 시간이 제한적일 경우 수행도 측정에는 다양한 형태의 부수작업을 개발하고 이를 이용한 측정이 더욱 효율이 있다는 점을 제시한다. 이러한 실험의 결과를 유추해보면 안전장치 기기의 설계를 위해서는 운용되는 상황에 맞는 측정방법이 개발되어야 긴급 상황의 수행도를 측정할 수 있다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.416-424
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• 1995

Mechanism of the cyclodextrin (CD) production reaction by cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) using swollen extrusion starch as substrate was investigated emphasizing the structural features of starch granule. The degree of gelatinization was identified to be the most representative structural characteristic of swollen starch. The most suitable degree of gelatinization of swollen starch for CD production was around 63.52%. The structural transformation of starch granule during enzyme reaction was also followed by measuring the changes of the degree of gelatinization, microcrystallinity, and accessible and inaccessible portion to CGTase action of residual swollen starch. The adsorption phenomenon of CGTase to swollen starch was also examined under various conditions. The inhibition mechanism of CGTase by various CDs was identified to be competitive, most severely by a-CD. The mechanism elucidated will be used for development of a kinetic model describes CD production reaction in heterogeneous enzyme reaction system utilizing swollen extrusion starch.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2005

In this paper, a novel vibration control scheme for a single-link flexible manipulator system without using a vibration feedback sensor is proposed. In order to achieve the vibration information of the flexible link, a reaction moment estimator based on the dynamic characteristics of the flexible manipulator is proposed. While the manipulator is maneuvering the reaction moment is reciprocally acting on the flexible link and the hub inertia due to the vibration of the link. A sliding mode controller based on the equivalent rigid body dynamics corresponding to the proposed flexible manipulator is then augmented with the reaction moment estimator to realize a decentralized control system. The reaction moment estimator is implemented via the first order low pass filter. The performance of the proposed control scheme is verified by computer simulation and experiment.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.1030-1039
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• 1998

In fly ash-lime system the effects of reaction condition amounts of gypsum and cement and CaO/SiO2 ratio on the hydrates by hydrothermal reaction were investigated. The tobermorite phases were not observed in hy-drothermal reaction of fly ash lime because of the hydrate rate was very slow. The compressive strength and the hydration rate increased with increasing the amount of gypusm and cement and the optimum amounts of gypsumo and cement were 5wt and 20wt% respectively. The specimen which CaO/SiO2 ratio is 0.85 was shown the maximum compressive strength and the tobermorite phase within reaction time 2 hours.

• 대한임상약리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한임상약리학회 2001년도 제10차 추계학술대회
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• pp.31-31
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• 2001

• 항공우주기술
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.188-194
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• 2006

본 논문은 냉가스 추력기 시스템의 제어기로 사용되는 EM용 TCU(Thruster Control Unit)와 점검 시스템 개발에 관한 것이다. TCU는 추력기 시스템의 압력 및 온도를 모니터링하여 통신을 통해 이를 TLM(Telemet) 및 지상 제어 콘솔에 전달하는 역할을 수행한다. 이를 위해 CPU/통신보드는 MIL-STD-1553B 통신, RS422 통신, Data 입출력 및 처리 그리고 EEPROM 프로그램 로딩 기능을 수행한다. Intel 80386DX Microprocessor를 기반으로 설계하였으며 프로그램 저장 및 실행을 위해 256kbytes의 EEPROM과 256kbytes의 SRAM을 적용하였다. 또한 EEPROM 프로그램 로딩을 위해 인터페이스 회로 및 냉가스 추력기 시스템을 모사할 수 있는 점검 시스템을 개발하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.14-14
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• 1995

The effect of lipoxygenase (LOX) on the oxidation and co-oxidation of lipid fraction was studied in the model system of rainbow trout. For the reaction in model system 1 g of lipid fraction and 50mL of enzyme extract(LOX, 140 unit in 50mL phosphate buffer solution at pH 7,4)), which were obtained from rainbow trout, were homoginized in the presence of Tween 20 and kept at 23$\circ$C for 3 days. The activity of LOX was decreased to 43% of initial level during the reaction in the model system. The initial composition of rainbow trout lipid was showed to be consisted of trigliceride(TG;82%) and free fatty acid(FFA;0.1%), while this converted to 59% of TG and 20% of FIFA, respectively after reaction in model system. Change of fatty acid composition was also observed and the content of linoleic acid, one of the major fatte acids, was decreased to 13% from 54% in the content of total fatty acids after reaction. The carotenoids in rainbow trout were composed of 0.4% $\alpha$-carotene, 1.6% $\beta$ -carotene, 80% canthaxanthin, 7% lutein and 11% zeaxanthin, thus the canthaxanthin was the major component. This canthaxanthin was the most degraded carotenoid by lipoxygenase catalyzed co-oxidation during the reaction. On the other hand the tocopherol isomers found in the rainbow trout were $\alpha$ and $\beta$ -tocopherol, and $\alpha$-tocopherol had a higher degradation rate by the lipoxygenase catalyzed co-oxidation than of $\beta$-tocopherol in the reaction of model system.

• 공업화학
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.517-523
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• 1994

DGEBA(diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A)/MDA(4,4'-methylene dianiline)/SN(succinonitrile)/HQ(hydroquinone)계의 경화반응 속도론 및 메카니즘을 연구하였다. SN과 HQ는 반응성 첨가제와 촉매로 도입하였다. 경화반응 속도론은 DSC 분석에 의해 Kissinger equation과 fractional-life법을 이용하여 연구하였다. DGEBA/MDA/SN 계의 활성화에너지와 반응차수는 SN의 함량에 관계없이 거의 일정하였고, 촉매로써 HQ가 첨가됨으로 인해 활성화 에너지와 반응시작온도가 낮아졌다. 이들 계의 반응 메카니즘을 고찰하기위하여 SN의 함량에 따라 FT-IR을 측정하였다. 그리고, SN:HQ의 혼합비는 4:1이었다. Diamine으로 경화되는 에폭시 수지의 경화반응 메카니즘은 primary amine-epoxy 반응, secondary amine-epoxy 반응, epoxy-hydroxyl 반응이 일어나는 것으로 알려져 있다. DGEBA/MDA/SN/HQ 계에서는 HQ의 hydroxyl 기가 epoxy 및 amine과 결합하여 전이상태를 형성하여 epoxide ring을 빠르게 개환시켜줌으로써 amine-epoxy반응이 쉽게 일어남을 알았다.