• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.430-458
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• 1990

Care is a central concept of nursing. Nursing would not exist without caring. Care and quality of life are closely related. Human behavior is a manifestation of culture. We can say that caring and nursing care are expression of culture. The nurse must understand the relationship of culture with care for ensure quality nursing care. But knowledge of cultural factors in nursing is not well developed. Time and in - depth study are needed to find meaningful relationships between culture and care. Nurses recognized the importance of culturally appropriate nursing There are two care systems in culturally based nursing. The folk care system and the professional nursing care system. The folk care system existed long before the professional nursing care system was introduced into this culture. If the discrepancy between these two care systems is great, the client may receive inappropriate nursing care. Culture and subcaltures are diverse and dynamic in nature. Nurses need to know the caring behaviors, patterns, and their meaning in their own culture. In Korea we have taken some first step to study cultural nursing phenomena. It is not our intent necessarily to return to the past and develop a nationalistic of nursing, but to identify the core of traditional caring and relate that to professional nursing care. Our Assumptions are as follows : 1) Care is essential for human growth, well being and survial. 2) 7here are diverse and universal forma, expressions, patterns, and processes of human care that exist transcul - turally. 3) The behaviors and functions of caring differ according to the social structure of each culture. 4) Cultures have folk and professional care values, beliefs, and practices. To promote the quality of nursing care we must understand the folk care value, beliefs, and practices. We undertook this study to understand caring in our traditional culture. The Goals of this study were as follows : 1) To identify patterns in caring behavior, 2) To identify the structural components of caring, and 3) To understand the meaning and some principles of caring. We faised several questions in this study. Who is the care-giver? Who is the care-receipient? Was the woman the major care -giver at any time? What are the patterns in caring behavior? What art the priciples underlying the caring process? We used an interdisciplinary team approach, composed of representatives from nursing and anthropology, to contribute in -depth understanding of caring through a socicaltural perspeetive. A Field study was conducted in Ro-Bong, a small agricultural kinship village. The subjects were nine women and one man aged be or more years of age. Data were collected from january 15 to 21, 1990 through opem-ended in-depth interviews and observations. The interview focused on caring behaviors sorrounding birth, aging, death and child rearing. We analysed these data for meaning, pattern and priciples of caring. In this report we describe caring behaviors surrounding childbirth. The care-givers were primarily mothers- in -low, other women in the family older than the mother - to- be, older neighbor woman, husbands, and mothers of the mother-to- be. The care receivers were the mother-to-be the baby, and the immediate family as a component of kinship. Emerging caring behavior included praying, helping proscribing, giving moral advice(Deug - Dam), showing concern, instructing, protecting, making preparations, showing consideration, touching, trusting, encouraging, giving emotional comfort, being with, worrying about, being patient, preventing problems, showing by an example, looking after bringing up, taking care of postnatal health, streng thening the health condition, entering into another's feelings(empathizing), and sharing food, joy and sorrow The emerging caring component were affection, touching, nurtuing, teaching, praying, comforting, encouraging, sharing. empathizing, self - discipline, protecting, preparing, helping and compassion. Emerging principles of. caring were solidarity, heir- archzeal relationships, sex - role distinction. Caring during birth expresses the valve of life and reflects the valued traditional beliefs that human birth is given by god and a unique unifying family event reaching back to include the ancestors and foreward to later generations. In addition, We found positive and rational foundations for traditionl caring behaviors surrounding birth, these should not be stigmatized as inational or superstitious. The nurse appropriately adopts the rational and positive nature of traditional caring behaviors to promote the quality of nursing care.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.617-647
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 조직상황에서 구성원이 느끼는 부정적 정서인 조직불안의 유형과 특성을 알아보기 위해 측정도구를 제작하고, 조직관련 부정적 정서가 직무만족이나 조직몰입과 같은 변인에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 탐색적 연구를 수행하였다. 예비연구를 통해 관련 문항을 수집한 것을 전문가 평정을 통해 97개의 문항을 선정하였다. 선정된 97개의 문항을 직장인 435명을 대상으로 조사한 결과를 바탕으로 28개 문항으로 이루어진 예비 조직불안 척도를 제작하였다. 예비 조직불안척도를 566명의 직장인을 대상으로 조사한 결과, 최종적으로 20문항으로 이루어진 조직관련 불안척도를 구성하였다. 조직불안척도는 4가지 하위요인으로 구분되었는데, 그 요인들은 미래에 대한 불확실성 지각요인, 통제감 지각요인, 대인관계 불안요인, 대안에 대한 지각요인이다. 이 연구에서는 응답자 특성변인으로 남녀, 연령, 직종, 업종, 직위, 개인별 수입, 학력을 사용하였다. 연구결과 응답자 특성변인에 따라 조직불안이 차이를 보였다. 연령대별로는 40대, 직종별로는 생산직, 업종별로는 제조업, 직위가 낮을수록, 월수입이 400-500일 경우, 학력이 낮을수록 조직불안을 더 많이 경험하는 것으로 나타났다. 조직관련 불안정서와 직무만족, 조직몰입, 조직문화 생활만족도, 자기효능감, 사회적 지지간의 관계를 살펴본 결과, 조직관련 불안정서와 직무만족, 조직몰입은 부적인 관계를 보여주었고, 조직의 문화가 집단문화, 개발문화, 합리문화를 지향하고, 조직구성원의 생활만족도와 자기효능감이 높을수록, 사회적 지원을 많이 받을수록, 조직불안을 경험한다 하더라도 직무만족을 더 하는 것으로 나타났다. 조직불안이 조직몰입에 미치는 효과가 집단문화, 개발문화, 합리문화, 생활만족도 사회적 지지에 의해 부분 매개되었고, 자기효능감의 매개효과가 나타나지 않았다. 연구결과는 조직구성원들이 조직불안을 느끼고 있다 하더라도, 조직이 조직문화를 변화시키거나, 자기효능감을 높여주거나, 사회적 지지를 더 많이 해 줄 수 상황을 만들 수 있다면 직무만족과 조직몰입을 증가시키는 긍정적 효과를 가져올 수 있다는 점을 시사한다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 시사점과 제한점을 논의하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.497-508
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 조직문화가 조직에서의 구성원들의 주관적 행복에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위하여 직장인 142명을 대상으로 조직에서 경험하는 조직문화와 주관적 행복에 대하여 조사하였다. 이를 측정하기 위해, 조직문화는 Quinn과 Kimberly의 경쟁가치모형(Competing Value Model)을 사용하였으며, 주관적 행복은 한국적인 문화적 특성을 반영할 수 있도록 개발된 단축형 행복 척도(COMOSWB)를 사용하였다. 그 결과로 첫째, 조직문화는 조직에서의 주관적 행복에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며(p<.001), 조직문화가 주관적 행복을 28.4% 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 조직문화 중에서 유일하게 집단 문화만이 주관적 행복에 정적인 영향(p<.001)을 미쳤다. 반면에 위계문화, 개발문화, 합리문화는 주관적 행복에 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 또한 조직문화는 주관적 행복의 하위 요인인 삶의 만족(p<.001), 긍정정서(p<.001), 부정정서(p<.05)에 유의한 영향을 미치며, 각각 35.3%, 26.0%, 5.1%의 설명력을 가졌다. 조직문화 중에서 유일하게 집단문화만이 삶의 만족에 정적인 영향(p<.001)을, 긍정정서에 정적인 영향(p<.001)을 미쳤고, 부정정서에는 부적인 영향(p<.01)을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 이론적 실제적 시사점과 향후 연구에 대한 제안점을 제시하였다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2013

Background: Health, safety, and well-being (HSW) at work represent important values in themselves. It seems, however, that other values can contribute to HSW. This is to some extent reflected in the scientific literature in the attention paid to values like trust or justice. However, an overview of what values are important for HSW was not available. Our central research question was: what organizational values are supportive of health, safety, and well-being at work? Methods: The literature was explored via the snowball approach to identify values and value-laden factors that support HSW. Twenty-nine factors were identified as relevant, including synonyms. In the next step, these were clustered around seven core values. Finally, these core values were structured into three main clusters. Results: The first value cluster is characterized by a positive attitude toward people and their "being"; it comprises the core values of interconnectedness, participation, and trust. The second value cluster is relevant for the organizational and individual "doing", for actions planned or undertaken, and comprises justice and responsibility. The third value cluster is relevant for "becoming" and is characterized by the alignment of personal and organizational development; it comprises the values of growth and resilience. Conclusion: The three clusters of core values identified can be regarded as "basic value assumptions" that underlie both organizational culture and prevention culture. The core values identified form a natural and perhaps necessary aspect of a prevention culture, complementary to the focus on rational and informed behavior when dealing with HSW risks.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.409-424
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• 1995

This study intends to investigate the actual state and problems of Outlet, and the research consumer's perception of Outlet. It affords a effective way to get rid of inventories for manufacture and to economize and rational buying for consumer. Ultimately trying to find a effective managing method of Outlet for both manufacturers and consumers. The result about research the actual sate of Outlet, there are affluent assortment, generous amount of merchandise and high discount rate in Kuro-dong Outlet stores, but stores' location is scattered that makes shopping environment inconvenient. It is not good condition of assortment, quantity and freshness of merchandise in Mungung-dong Outlet stores, but close proximity between stores and fancy shopping place make convenient shopping possible. Multi-discount stores dilute the fundumental of Qutlet with poor quantity and assortment of merchandise make man choices possible for consumer, but discount rate is lower for high management cost. The result about research the consumer's perception of Outlet shows that consumer have enough interest in Outlet, and intention to continue shopping in Outlet. Therefore we can expect continuous growth of Outlet. Also consumer is satisfied with price and quality of merchandise, but they are not satisfied with assortment of merchandise, expecially poorness in sizes.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.930-939
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• 2000

This study was done to provide the fundamental data for scientific and rational children's clothing sizing system by investigating their somatometric characteristics and classifying somatotypes. The subjects were 269 elementary schoolgirls aged from 7 to 8 years old living in Pusan and Kyungsangnam-do. Data from each girl comprises 28 anthropometic measurments and 4 photographic measurments, related to the lower half of body. To analyze somatotypes of the lower half of body, factor analysis, cluster analysis, discriminant analysis were performed for statistical analysis of the data. As to the analysis to draw somatometric factors by this age group, five factors which explain 76.85% of the whole variances were extracted. The first and second factors which explain more than 60% of the whole variances represent 'horizontal size'and 'vertical size', which characterize most aspects of the body shape of the subjects. On the basis of the cluster analysis, three different lower half of body types were categorized. Type Ⅰ has biggest horizontal size, average vertical size and most protruded belly. Type Ⅱ has average degree of horizontal size, quite big vertical size and most protruded hips. Type Ⅲ has smallest horizontal and vertical size. According to the analysis to discriminate somatotypes of the lower half of body of this age group, weight and waist circumference of discriminant function 1 and abdominal circumference of discriminant function 2 have coefficient values.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2008

The aim of this study is to promote an appropriate consumption culture given the features of the segmented female college student group and to utilize these features as basic data at the level of consumer education. The lifestyle of female college students will be identified, along with the current use and customer satisfaction of low price cosmetics that are aimed at this group. The conclusion will be proposed on the basis of the results of this study: Firstly, low price cosmetics producers need to develop products that satisfy the needs of customers and to establish marketing strategies such as sales promotions according to the current trend. Secondly, in order to establish rational purchasing, it is necessary to promote an appropriate consumption culture by offering consumer education to college students. Thirdly, most consumers equate brands with quality. Therefore, companies need to continually produce quality products that may be differentiated from other low price cosmetics, not only in terms of price but also in terms of product quality, in order to enhance the reliability of their brand. Furthermore, it is necessary for consumers to be able to purchase products by considering product quality through searching for diverse information and not merely by depending on any particular brand.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1228-1241
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• 2010

This study aims to help understanding on design of basic pattern of shirt collars and to suggest schemes to raise completeness of shape by reviewing problems shown in finished products after sewing. From March 2009 to August 2009, 12 patterns for education and firms were collected centering on basic shirt collar form respectively. There are four problems generally raised from a completed shirt collar. In case of overlapping shirt collar on front neck point, the sewing point of shirt collar should be drawn at front neck point of collar band at a distance of about 0.2~0.3cm, and the center front of band and one of bodice should be arranged in a straight line. In case of the problem about right and left length difference of shirt collar, it is raised by closing so the problem was solved by prolonging about 0.2 cm of the center front of left collar. It was evaluated that adjusting notch point when sewing would be more rational solution than solving something on patterns for distance difference problem of shirt collar between right and left part at center front. And a problem about getting loose of front garment between collar band below and the first button was also raised. It was designed 0.2cm cut of collar band. Around basic shirt collar form, above mentioned solutions are applied to the patterns for education and manufacture experimental clothing. So as a result of sensory evaluation, generally good ratings on all items were received.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.193-207
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the demographics and general clothing buying behavior according to clothing shopping orientation of female workers. A questionnaire was developed to measure clothing shopping orientation, fashion information sources, stores selection criteria, clothing purchasing frequency of a year, purchasing expenditure of clothing, the demographics. The questionnaire was administered to 775 female teacher in Chonnam. The data was analyzed using percentage, frequency, mean, factor analysis, Cluster Analysis, x 1_test and ANOVA, Duncan test. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The female teachers were classified into four groups by the cluster analysis; indifferent shopping group, rational shopping group, conspicuous shopping group, recreational shopping group. 2. In the case of purchasing motives, significant differences were found according to shopping orientation subdivision in four factors. 3. The evaluation criteria of product were significantly different depending on shopping orientation subdivision in practical attribute, socio-psychological attribute, and aesthetic attribute. 4. The significant differences were found according to shopping orientation subdivision in general clothing purchasing behavior(purchasing price range of clothing, clothing purchasing frequency of a year, method of payment, number of stores visited, experience of buying in the import brand)

• 복식
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• 제32권
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• pp.149-162
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• 1997

In this paper it was observed that the influences of social environment that had been saturated by the modern awareness and west-ern culture effected largely on clothing. Also it was studied how and by what en-vironmental factors the costume during the enlightening period was accepted and devel-oped in Korea relative to social cultural en-vironment. In this research the emphasis was placed on the process of changing to western clothing especially the influence of Group Clothing on the general women's clothing. Therefore the types of group clothing and its influences were studied. in this study the types of group clothing recalled were modern women's clothing mission-ary women's clothing professional women's such as nurse uniforms school girls' uniforms and the invention of women's sports wear. And lastly it was searched for the direction of developent in apparels. From the above mentioned we can conclude that the clothing is inseparable from social and cultural Invironments and foreign affairs of politics at the time. Also it is considered that the types of group styles were the necessary happenings in the early stage of modern so-ciety. Because of historical situation in Korea the western clothing style had taken place in a short period of time. however Korean women's clothing which had been centerred around group clothing was considered to have changed from Korean traditional costume to western clothing by rational decisions of modern awareness in-stead of sudden change from traditional clothing to western clothing by indiscrete acceptance of western culture.