• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.1050-1054
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• 1997

In order to study the effects of green juice of Angelica keiskei Koidz on the toxicity of several selected elements, experiments were conducted with mice for a period of six weeks. The results obtained from the experiment are summarized as follows ; 1) Mice fed with 50 ppm of cadmium showed no adverse effects on the growth rate and mortality , but cadmium accumulation into the internal organs. 2) mice fed with 500ppm of lead showed no reduced effect on the growth rate and mortality, but lead accumulation was increased in the internal organs. The administration of green juice slightly reduced lead accumulation in the internal organs. 3) Mice fed with 50 ppm of selenium also showed no serious adverse effect of the growth rate and mortality , but selenium accumulation occurred in the internal organs. The administration of green juice slightly reduced selenium accumulation in the internal organs, but the modes and degrees of reduction in selenium accumulation were not consistent with the internal organs, liver, kidney and pancreas. 4) Mice fed with 500 ppm of chromium showed, numerically , an adverse effect on the growth rate, but showed no statistically significant difference. The administration of green juice rather increased the accumulation of chromium instead of reduction of chromium accumulation in the internal organs.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2010

This study tried to analyze about the investment effects on the spent capital and possessed tangible assets of some hospitals during their hospital management. For this analysis purpose, this study used the financial data of 100 hospitals which presented their financial statements to an finance-information company from 2004 to 2006. The analysis was done with PEFR(Percentage of External Funds Required) and Tangible Asset. The FEPR considered the retained interior fund relating to the investment types in the hospital industry. And the Tangible Asset was related to the possession condition of facilities and equipment. The EBIT rate(Earnings before interest and tax to sales) meaning the management performance and tangible asset turnover were used as the measured variables of investment effect. As the result of data analysis, it was identified that the tangible asset like the hospitals's facilities and equipment was not an agent significantly to influence on the management performance(EBIT rate), the eventual goal of hospital management. But, it was identified that there was some differences tangible asset turnover according to each hospital's main characteristics. And at targeting the all sample hospitals, it was found that the management performance(EBIT rate) had some significant effect on the retained earnings rate, a part of source of PEFR.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2020

This study aims to empirically test the effect of liquidity and adequacy on bank performance through interest rate risk and credit risk. Capital adequacy and liquidity are variables that can affect the ups and downs of opinion, where the bank's performance in this study is the dependent variable. Good credit distribution can minimize the occurrence of defaults. This study uses banking companies in Indonesia that are listed on the Indonesian stock exchange, with a total number of 43 banking companies, this study however, uses only 30 companies ranging from years 2014 to 2019, primarily due to the availability of the limited data. The data analysis techniques used in this study is PLS-SEM with the WarpPLS application. The research results show that capital adequacy and liquidity has a positive effect on bank performance, interest rate risk and credit risk can mediate capital adequacy on bank performance, interest rate risk can mediate liquidity on bank performance, and interest rate risk has a positive effect on bank performance. However, credit risk can't mediate liquidity on bank performance and credit risk does not have a positive effect on bank performance. This is in line with the commercial loan theory, shiftability theory and the doctrine of anticipated income, which explains how best to give credit, both in longer and the shorter term.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권11호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2020

Past literatures have not studied the impact of real-world events or information on the return and volatility of virtual currencies, particularly on the COVID-19 event, day-of-the-week effect, daily high-low price spreads and information flow rate. The study uses the ARMA-GARCH model to capture Bitcoin's return and conditional volatility, and explores the impact of information flow rate on conditional volatility in the Bitcoin market based on the Mixture Distribution Hypothesis (Clark, 1973). There were 3,064 samples collected during the period from 1^st of January 2012 to 20^th April, 2020. Empirical results show that in the Bitcoin market, a daily high-low price spread has a significant inverse relationship for daily return, and information flow rate has a significant positive relationship for condition volatility. The study supports a significant negative relationship between information asymmetry and daily return, and there is a significant positive relationship between daily trading volume and condition volatility. When Bitcoin trades on Saturday & Sunday, there is a significant reverse relationship for conditional volatility and there exists a day-of-the-week volatility effect. Under the impact of COVID-19 event, Bitcoin's condition volatility has increased significantly, indicating the risk of price changes. Finally, the Bitcoin's return has no impact on COVID-19 events and holidays (Saturday & Sunday).

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.53-67
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• 1988

The high temperature corrosion of Fe-C alloys were studied at I atm SO gas in the temperature range 500~80$0^{\circ}C$ by means of a thermogravimetric analysis. The Na2SO4 induced high tempwrature corrosion rate was also measured at atm O2 gas under above the temperature renge. The reaction products were identified with the aid of X-ray diffraction technique, and micostruction of the alloy/scale interface was observed with a optical microscope and SEM. The experimental results were disussed by the themodeynamic calcutions. Under above the experimental condition. the reaction rates decrbon with increasing carbon content. The transfer of Fe ion was limited by a residue of carbon precipitated at alloy scale interface due to the oxidation of Fe-C alloys at alloy surface. The effect of cold working on reaction rate was different between the Fe containing low carbon and Fe-C Alloy containing carbon above 0,73 wt%. In a cold worked iron containing low carbon content, the crystallization of metal surface leads to the poor adherence between the alloy and the cavity formed between the alloy and scale. The outward diffusion of ion through the scale is estimated to be hindered by the cavity formed between the scale, consequently decreasing reaction rate. In the case Fe-C containing carbon above 0.73 Wt% alloy, the reaction rate was little affected by cold working, because the effect of content on reaction rats is greater than the effect of cold working.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.197-209
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• 2016

The Spacecraft (S/C) numerical sine test-predictions are usually performed through Finite Element Method (FEM) Frequency Response Analysis (FRA), that is the hypothesis of steady-state responses to harmonic excitation to the S/C base is made. In the test practice, the responses are transient and may be significantly different from those predicted through FRA. One of the most significant causes of discrepancy between prediction and test consists in the beating phenomena. After a brief overview of the topic, the typical causes of beating are described in the first part of the paper. Subsequently, focus is made on the sine sweep rate effect, which often leads to have beatings after the resonance of weakly damped modes. In this work, the approach illustrated in the literature for calculating the sine sweep rate effect in the case of Single-Degree-Of-Freedom (SDOF) oscillators is extended to Multi-Degrees-Of-Freedom (MDOF) systems, with the aim of increasing the accuracy of the numerical sine test-predictions. Assumptions and limitations of the proposed methodology are detailed along the paper. Several assessments with test results are discussed and commented.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.82-88
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• 2000

The effect of the welding for the offshore structure in the TMCP steel on the fatigue crack propagation rate and crack opening-and-closure behavior was examined. The welding anisotropy of the TMCP steel and crack propagation characteristics of the excessive loading were reviewed. (1) It seemed that a heat which was generated by the welding made a compressive residual stress over the base metal, so fatigue crack propagation rate was placed lower than in case of the base metal. (20 In the base metal, an effect of the anisotropy which has an effect of fatigue crack propagation rate of the excessive load and the constant amplitude laos was not found but in the welding material case, fatigue crack propagation rate of the excessive load in the specimen of the width direction was located in the retard side as compared with a specimen rolling direction. (3) A crack opening ratio of the used TMCP stel in this study was not changed after excessive loading but a retard phenomenon of crack propagation was observed. Consequently, it was thought that all of the retard phenomenon of crack propagation did not only a cause of the crack opening-and-closure phenomenon.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.818-824
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• 2015

Makgeolli is a health beneficial food for diabetes compared to other alcoholic beverages. We examined the effect of Makgeolli on blood glucose level and survival rate in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mouse model. We force fed 30 male STZ-induced diabetic ICR mice Makgeolli consisting of 6% alcohol (DM-MAK), 6% ethanol (DM-EtOH), or distilled water (DM-DW) for 4 weeks. In the DM-MAK group, food intake and water intake were higher than those of other groups after 4 weeks. Body weight, however, was not different among the experimental groups. We also found no significant difference in blood glucose level among the experimental groups. In normal ICR mice fed Makgeolli for 1 week, the area of the blood glucose curve was higher than those of other groups fed 6% ethanol, 2% glucose, or distilled water. Survival rates of STZ-induced diabetic mice fed Makgeolli, 6% ethanol, or DW for 4 weeks were 100%, 25%, and 62.5%, respectively. In conclusion, Makgeolli had no beneficial effect on blood glucose in a STZ-induced diabetic mouse model, although their survival rate was high. These results show that Makgeolli has an effect on type 1 diabetes through other mechanisms than blood glucose control.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2016

In this study, the effect of Nb contents and processing parameters on dynamic recrystallization behaviour of 0.15C-0.2Si-0.5Mn low-carbon steels was investigated. Three kinds of steel specimens with different Nb contents were fabricated and then high-temperature compressive deformation test was conducted by varying reheating temperature (RT), deformation temperature (DT), and strain rate (SR). The Nb2 and Nb4 specimens containing Nb had smaller prior austenite grain size than the Nb0 specimens, presumably due to pinning effect by the formation of carbides and carbonitrides precipitates at austenite grain boundaries. The high-temperature compressive deformation test results showed that dynamic recrystallization behavior was suppressed in the specimens containing Nb as the strain rate increased and deformation temperature decreased because of pinning effect by precipitates, grain boundary dragging effects by solute atoms, although the compressive stress increased with increasing strain rate and decreasing deformation temperature.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2022

The steady state of unsaturated soil takes a long time to achieve. The soil seepage behaviours and hydraulic properties depend highly on the wetting/drying rate. It is observed that the soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) is dependent on the wetting/drying rate, which is known as the dynamic effect. The dynamic effect apparently influences the scanning curves and will substantially affect the seepage behavior. However, the previous models commonly ignore the dynamic effect and cannot quantitatively describe the hysteresis scanning loops under dynamic conditions. In this study, a dynamic hysteresis model for SWCC is proposed considering the dynamic change of contact angle and the moving of the contact line. The drying contact angle under dynamic condition is smaller than that under static condition, while the wetting contact angle under dynamic condition is larger than that under static condition. The dynamic contact angle is expressed as a function of the saturation rate according to the Laplace equation. The model is given by a differential equation, in which the slope of the scanning curve is related to the slope of the boundary curve by means of contact angle. Empirical models can simulate the boundary curves. Given the two boundary curves, the scanning curve can be well predicted. In this model, only two parameters are introduced to describe the dynamic effect. They can be easily obtained from the experiment, which facilitates the calibration of the model. The proposed model is verified by the experimental data recorded in the literature and is proved to be more convenient and effective.