• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.607-613
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• 2014

In a previous study, we have shown that mulberry leaves (Mori Folium) extract MFE) and its compounds have the antioxidant effect in human red blood cells. However, the possible effect of MFE and its compounds on improvement of blood flow were not reported. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of MFE and its compounds on improvement of blood flow in a rat model of topical ferric chloride ($FeCl_3$)-induced carotid artery damage. The $FeCl_3$ treatment seriously damaged the carotid artery: the walls of the artery, blood flow rate, blood vessel diameter, blood vessel area and blood flow amount. However, administration of MFE or its compound has ameliorated the blood flow and suppressed thrombus in blood vessels. Moreover, the concentrations of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol in the MET and its compound groups were remarkably reduced in comparison to the control group, and HDL cholesterol concentration was higher in the MET and its compound groups than in the control group. These results suggest that MFE and its compounds ameliorate the thrombosis against blood vessel damage.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 1969

The author has studied the histochemical changes on rat submaxillary gland histological changes on rat periodontium after administration of isoproterenol. The results are as follows: 1) After administration of isoproterenol, the rat submaxillary glands weight of the first and second group were increased two times compared with control group. 2) The acinar cells of rat submaxillary gland were shown the hypertrophy and enlargement. 3) The PAS staining reaction of the acinar cells of rat submaxillary gland were shown the strong positive reaction. 4) The blood vessels of rat periodontium were dilated and alveolar bone resorption was occurred.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.29-38
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of $Taegye(KI_3)$ acupuncture and acupuncture with twirling method on the blood pressure, cardiomegalic index, plasma levels of renin and atrial natriuretic peptide in hypertensive RAT induced by two kidney one clip (2KIC). Methods : This study was conducted on one control group and four experimental groups. Control group that had no treatment, Tail group that took tail acupuncture, K-0 group that took $KI_3$ acupuncture, K-6 group that took $KI_3$ acupuncture with 6 turns of twirling method, K-9 group that took $KI_3$ acupuncture with 9 turns of twirling method. Results : Blood pressure was decreased significantly after $KI_3$ acupuncture. Cardiomegalic index decreased significantly after $KI_3$ acupuncture. Plasma levels of renin was decreased significantly after $KI_3$ acupuncture and acupuncture with 9 turns of twirling method Ⅳ. Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide was increased significantly after $KI_3$ acupuncture. Conclusions : These results suggest that blood pressure was decreased significantly after $KI_3$ acupuncture in hypertensive RAT induced by two kidney one clip (2K1C).

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.549-553
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• 1995

Ethanol concentration in blood, brain and liver of rats was shown to be effectively lowered by arrowroot flower extract. The lowering effect for ethanol concentration in blood was maximum when measured after 1 hour from ethanol feeding. Hot water extract was more effective than 80% ethanol extract. The treatment of extract at 10 min. before ethanol feeding gave a better result than that at 10 min after or 1 hour before ethanol feeding. The ethanol concentration in brain and liver was lowered as found in the blood ethanol concentration. Acetaldehyde was not detected either in blood or the tissues. The optimal amount of the Puerariae flos was 55.7 mg/kg body weight. The newly developed analytical method using dichloromethane as extracting solvent was proven to be very effective in terms of speed and simplicity.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.247-254
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• 2004

Objective: Effects of keumengja extracts on the blood picture in rat were determined. Results: Values of RBC, PCV and Hb showed a high in keumenja groups, however the values of PCV and Hb showed no significantly different in keumenja groups. Counts of WBC showed no significantly different in all treatment groups. In the composition of WBC neutrophils showed a tendance to decrease in keumengja groups, however these values showed no significantly different. Lymphocytes showed a high portion in keumengja groups and this portion showed a tendance to increase to increased concentration of keumengja. The portion of monocytes and basophils showed no significantly different in all treatment groups. Eosinophils showed a tendance to decrease in keumengja groups.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.242-246
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• 1998

The inhibitory activities of Amberlite active fraction, which was obtained from methanol soluble fraction of freeze dried slikworm urine, on the rat intestinal glycosidase-catalyzed enzymatic reaction were examined in in viro and in vivo experiments. Amberlite active fraction showed significant inhibitory effects on the hydrolysis of o-glycosidic bond, especially $\alpha$-1,4 bond. On the other hand, the inhibition on the hydrolysis of $\beta$-glycosidic bond was very weak. Oral administration of Amberlite active fraction resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the blood glucose after an oral maltose load, and postprandial hyperglycemia in carbohydrate-loaded mice was suppressed by Amberlite active fraction at 60 mgHg in decreasing order of maltose, starch, sucrose and lactose. 60 mg/kg of Amberlite active fraction lowered the blood glucose level markedly after 18, 35, and 60 min after an oral maltose load and the antihyperglycemic activity was maintained upto 90 min. In alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice, Amberlite active fraction at a dose of 100 mg/kg also significantly lowered blood glucose after an oral maltose load, and its efficacy was almost equivalent to that of acarbowe.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.291-297
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• 2004

Aminoglycosidic antibiotics have multiple effects on muscle. For example, they have been shown to block L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channels in vascular smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle. Possibly as a consequence of this effect on $Ca^{2+}$ influx, they have been shown to decrease the contractility of cardiac muscle (gentamicin). The present study evaluated the effects of gentamicin on blood pressure, vasorelaxation and left ventricular pressure. Gentamicin(10, 20, 40mg/kg) produced dose-dependent blood pressure lowering in rat. The pretreatment of MgSO$_4$ and imipramine (Na$^{+}$-Mg$^{2+}$ exchange inhibitor) had no effect in gentamicin-induced hypotension. However, the gentamicin-induced hypotension was significantly potentiated in the preincubation of verapamil or nifedipine (L-type $Ca^{2+}$ channel blockers), and was significantly attenuated by CaCl$_2$ and was slightly attenuated by caffeine (phosphodiesterase inhibitor). Gentamicin (10, 30, 100$\mu$g/m1) did not have an effect on relaxation of phenylephrine-precontracted aortic rings but high concentration of gentamicin(100, 300$\mu$g/ml) relaxed KCl-precontracted aortic rings, which relaxation was potentiated by treatment of nifedipine. Whereas gentamicin markedly decreased left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) in perfused heart. These data suggest that gentamicin has significant blood pressure lowering of the rat, which seems to be mediated by calcium channel-sensitive pathway and blood $Ca^{2+}$ level may be important role in this response.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.65-80
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• 2004

Objectives : CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) is known as the substance which delays aging by the antioxidant effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) on antioxidant enzyme activities such as Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS), Superoxide dismutase(SOD), Catalase(CAT), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) in rat erythrocytes and blood plasma. Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups, Normal group (supplied enough water and feeds only, Normal Group), D-galatose administered group(injected D-galatose 50mg/kg, 1time/day for 6 weeks, Control Group) and CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) administered group (D-galactose 50mg/kg and CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) extracts 85.0mg/200g 1time/day for 6 weeks, SS Group). Rats were sacrificed and TBARS, SOD, CAT, GSH-px, neutral fat and cholesterol were measured in rat erythrocytes and blood plasma. Results : There was no significant difference in the level of TBARS in the blood plasma between each experimental group. Red blood cell SOD activities were significantly different in each group. They were significantly decreased in the Control group compared to those of Normal and there was an increasing phenomenon in the SS group compared to the Control group. There was a significant difference in the activities of the red blood cell - glutathione peroxides in each group. There was a significant increase in the SS group compared to the Control group. Red blood cell catalase activities was no significant difference in each group. Plasma total lipid concentration was significantly different in each group. It was significantly increased in the Control group compared with the Normal group and it was decreasing in the SS group compared to the control group. Plasma triglyceride was not significantly different in each group. Plasma total cholesterol and Plasma HDL -cholesterol concentrations in the blood plasma were not significantly different in each group. Conclusions : According to the above results, it is considered that CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) is effective in inhibiting lipid peroxides and increasing the activities of antioxidative(anti aging) enzyme in D-galactose induced aging rat.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.739-745
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• 2006

Changes in the levels of analytes in the blood and urine of a rodent animal model were taken as a measure of the hypoglycemic effects of a diet containing fermented chaga mushroom. These studies were conducted using the genetically manipulated diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat. The effects of 8-week long diets that included either fermented (FCM) or non-fermented (CM) chaga mushroom powder (5% in the diet) on the OLETF rat were compared to the normal diet fed OLETF rat and the non-diabetic Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rat. Hypoglycemia was tracked by measuring serum and urine concentrations of glucose, insulin, fructosamine, and leptin. Serum and urine levels of glucose, fructosamine, and leptin in the OLETF rats were higher than in LETO rats when fed normal diets but insulin levels did not differ between the two animal groups. The FCM rats were characterized by dramatically low levels of serum glucose and leptin in the OLETF rats whereas the levels of fructosamine and urine glucose trended lower in response to FCM. The serum leptin level in the CM-fed OLETF rat was also lower than that in the normal diet fed OLETF control. Serum concentrations of insulin in the OLETF rats were higher following FCM or CM feeding compared to the normal diet. These observations imply that (a) a dietary supplement of fermented chaga mushroom may contribute to a hypoglycemic effect in the OLETF rat, and (b) the increased blood insulin concentration following 8 weeks of an FCM diet may be important to the noted improvement in hyperglycemia.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.429-433
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• 2005

We investigated the effects of aqueous extract from talc for suppression in the process of cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis in the rat. The weight of urinary bladder was increased in the cyclophosphamide-injected rat compared with normal, but the increase of weight was arrested by intake of talc. More similar results showed in the uric test involving nitrate content and blood cell number and serum analysis involving the content of blood urea nitrogen and uric acid in the talc challenged rat compared with control one. More severe histological changes of urinary bladder such as edema, wall thickness, bleeding, vacuolation in mucosal epithelium were demonstrated in the rat injected with cyclophosphamide compared with normal. Fewer scores of these changes such as edema and bleeding were observed in rats treated with talc. In the immunohistochemical analysis, the expression of inflammatory-related protein examined tended to increase in the urinary bladder of cyclophosphamide-injected rat, especially COX-2 and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in mucosal epithelium and iNOS and $IL-1{\beta}$ in mucosal and muscular layer. The decline of these immunoreation were observed in the talc treated rat, significant decrease of COX-2 was detected in mucosal epithelium and iNOS in submucosal layer. These results suggest that talc may use as a useful therapeutic agent for noninfectious cystitis.