• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.417-424
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• 2020

This study aimed to explore the effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), produced by engineered immortalized mesenchymal stem cells (imMSC), on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in a rat model with neurogenic bladder (NB). Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the following groups: Sham control, LUTS, LUTS+imMSC (treated with immortalized MSC), and LUTS+BDNF-eMSC (treated with BDNF-expressing MSC) groups. LUTS was induced by a crush injury to the major pelvic ganglion (MPG). Bladder function was tested under anesthesia, and bladder tissue strips were collected thereafter for contractility test and western blot analysis. Western blot results showed that the expression of both Angiopoietin 1 (Ang 1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) increased with MSC injection. The effect of treatment with BDNF-eMSC on LUTS was also evaluated, and the results were found to be better than those with imMSC (P<0.05). BDNF-eMSC prevented fibrosis in the bladder tissue and significantly reduced caspase-3 levels. In conclusion, high expression of BDNF in vivo resulted in recovery of bladder function and contractility, along with the inhibition of apoptosis in a rat model.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.385-390
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• 2004

Chitosan is abundant polysaccharide polymer in nature Chitosan has been the subject of much research regarding its potential as a nutritional adjunct and pharmaceutical ingredient. In the present study, we examined fracture-healing process with chitosan administration and low calcium diet in rats. Left femur was fractured and fixed with intramedullary pin. The rats were fed normal diet or low calcium diet and administered chitosan with the doses of 0, 50, 100 and 150ng/ml orally 5 times a week for 10 weeks. Soft X-ray and mechanical testing of all fractured femora was taken. Radiographical finding showed that the callus formation and process of fracture healing was present in all the fractured femora. Mechanical testing indicated that the maximum load and stiffness of femur in rat fed low calcium diet was lower than those of that in rat fed normal diet. No difference in maximum load and stiffness of fractured femora in chitosan treated rat were observed as compared to vehicle treated rat. Chitosan or/and low calcium diet did not affect the ratio of fractured/unfractured femur about maximum load and stiffness. The results suggest that chitosan dose not affect the bone mechanical strength and the process of fracture healing. Low calcium diet does decrease the bone mechanical strength.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.261-262
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.161-161
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• 1993

중추 Cholinergic성 신경계 작용약의 유발한 치매동물 모델의 타당성 여부를 확인하기 위해 흰쥐에 Scopolamine, Physostigmine 및 생약을 반복 투여하였을 때의 active avoidance에 미치는 영향을 단회 투여하여 가역적인 작용을 가질때의 영향과 비교하고 이때 대뇌피질에서의 Cholinergic성 신경계의 활성 변화를 측정하여 중추 Cholinergic성 신경계의 학습, 기억 과정에서의 역할 및 나아가 치매의 발생 원인 및 발병 져로 규명에 접근하고자 하였다. 6 주된 Wistar계 웅성 래트에 Cholinergic성 신경계 작용약인 Scopolamine(1 mg/kg), Posostigmine (0.1mg/kg)과 생약인 Ginseng Total Saponine(100 mg/kg), 오미자 추출물 (150 mg/kg)등을 단독 혹은 병용으로 피하와 복강내로 7 일간 반복 투여하면서 Shuttle Box를 이용하여 Active Avoidance 의 습득율을 측정하고 이후 실험동물을 단두치사하여 대뇌피질 영역에서의 Acetylcholine 농도와 Acetylcholinesterase 활성 변화를 Chemi luminosence 법을 이용하여 측정하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.623-630
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• 2018

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common cause of chronic liver diseases. This study was to characterize early hepatic lipid changes in fatty liver rat model by in vivo short-echo time(TE) $^1H$-MRS(Proton - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy). Each the examinations were measured from liver parenchyma in rats at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks followed by high fat diet, respectively. Significant increase in lipid signals. 0.9, 1.3, 2.3, 2.8, and 5.3 ppm was found in animals with 2 weeks(p<0.01). Therefore, $^1H$-MRS is useful in detecting and characterizing various hepatic lipid alterations as early as 2 weeks for the start high fat diet.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2006

Background: The toxicity of paraquat has been known to be caused by oxygen free radicals which leads to the lipid peroxidation and multiple organ failure. High dose vitamin C has been known to be a effective antioxidant activities against the paraquat intoxication. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of regular injection of high dose vitamin C on liver damage in paraquat poisoned rat model. Method: Fifty five rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were divided into three groups: control group, only intraperitoneally injected saline; paraquat group, single dose intraperitoneally injected paraquat(24.5%, 40 mg/kg) and every 8 hours injected saline; paraquat and vitamin C group, single dose intraperitoneally injected paraquat(24.5%, 40 mg/kg) and every 8 hours injected vitamin C(72 mg/kg). Rats were sacrificed on the 12 hours, 1st day, 2nd day, 4th day, 7th day after injection and liver tissue was obtained. H&E(Hematoxylin & Eosin) stain and Masson's trichrome stain for collagen fiber detection were undertaken. The results were observed using the microscope. Results: 1. There were no differences between control and experimental group at the 12hours after regular injection of high dose vitamin C. 2. There were significantly decreased liver damage in experimental group in the 1st day after regular injection of high dose vitamin C. 3. There were significantly increased recovery of liver damage with time in experimental group after regular injection of high dose vitamin C. Conclusion: These results suggest that regular injection of high dose vitamin C is effective in decreasing liver damage in paraquat intoxication.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.75-87
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• 2022

Reflux esophagitis (RE) is a gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) caused by repeated reflux of gastric acid into the esophagus. The present study investigated the protective effect of natural mineral water on esophageal injury induced by gastric acid reflux. The cytotoxicity of mineral water was confirmed using Cell viability, proliferation and cytotoxicity assay kit. The protective effect of mineral water on esophageal injury was investigated in RE rat model. The results showed that no cytotoxicity of mineral water was observed in RAW264.7 cells. Mineral water decreased the ratio of esophageal damage, inhibited the increase of inflammatory-protein expression levels and increased the mucosa protection and tight junction proteins expression level in RE control rat. The results suggest that mineral water may have the potential to protect esophageal damage caused by gastric acid reflux and the potential to alleviate reflux esophagitis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.124-132
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• 2002

Daebangpung-tang(DBPT) is one of the prescriptions used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) in oriental medicine. The present study aimed to examine the analgesic effect of DBPT on a rat model of CFA-induced arthritis, which is not identical to human auto-immune arthritis although it does have many features in common with RA, and the relation between DBPT-induced analgesia and steroid hormones. CFA-induced arthritis rat model used to test the effect of DBPT was chronic pain model. After the induction of arthritis, rats subsequently showed a reduced stepping force of the affected limb for at least the next 18 days. The reduced stepping force of the limb was presumably due to a painful knee, since oral injection of indomethacin produced temporary improvement of weight bearing. DBPT dissolved in water was orally administrated. After the treatment, behavioral tests measuring stepping force were periodically conducted during the next 4 hours. DBPT produce significant improvement of stepping force of the hindlimb affected by the arthritis lasting at least 3 hours. The magnitude of this improvement was equivalent to that obtained after an oral injection of 3mg/kg of indomethacin and this improvement of stepping force was interpreted as an analgesic effect. The reduced stepping force was divided into three stages(10-30g, 30-50g, and 50-70g). All experiments was performed at 50-70g of stepping force, since both DBPT and indomethacin showed the most excellent analgesic effect at 50-70g of stepping force. DBPT produced the improvement of stepping force of the affected hindlimb in a dose-dependent manner and showed analgesic effect on neuropathic pain as well. DBPT-induced analgesic effect could not be blocked by systemic injection of steroid antagonist mifepristone. The present study suggest 1) that DBPT produces a potent analgesic effect on the chronic knee arthritis pain model in the rat and 2) that steroids system does not mediate DBPT-induced analgesia.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.274-283
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• 2004

Six lumbrokinase (LK) fractions from Lumbricus rubellus lysates were purified by a series of column chromatographies. The molecular weights of the six LK fractions appeared to range from 24.6 to 33.1 kDa. In the experimental model of rat venous thrombosis, the thrombus weight and PAI activity decreased significantly when the LK was administered orally. However, the activities of APTT, PT and plasmin showed a significant increase. The aggregation of rat platelets pretreated with various LK doses was inhibited by thrombin, and the MDA generation decreased. The rat thoracic aorta and mesentric arteries contracted with phenylephrine relaxed due to the treatment of the LK fractions. These results suggest that the fibrinolytic effects of LK were mediated not only by proteolytic activity, but also by the inhibition of platelet agregation and the relaxation of blood vessels. It is concluded that the LK may be useful as a hemolytic agent for treatment of fibrin clot.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2005

Metallothionein (MT) is a low molecular weight, cysteine-rich, metal-binding, and non-enzymatic protein. The present study was carried out to investigate the expression of MT gene as well as the localization of MT in regenerating rat liver. In partial hepatectomized rats, MT mRNA was detected as early as 1 hr and reached a maximal level by 8 hr after the operation. Thereafter, this level decreased gradually until 24 hr, and it became similar to that of sham control. Meanwhile, time course of MT immunoreactivity using immunogold-labelling revealed that the number of gold particles in hepatocytes increased significantly by 12 hr, but decreased at 48 hr after partial hepatectomy. Ultrastructurally, immunogold particles indicating the presence of MT were distributed in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the rat hepatocytes, particularly the particles were distributed at rough endoplasmic reticulum and nucleolus and did not seem to adhere to mitochondria or lysosomes in proliferating hepatocytes. Briefly, high level of MT mRNA expression and the intense immunoreactivity and/or the specific localization of MT was observed during liver regeneration. These results suggest that MT possibly involves hepatocyte proliferation via the storage or the supply of various metal ions in the regenerating rat liver.