• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2009

Purpose: Excessive apocrine gland secretion and bacterial decomposition cause axillary osmidrosis, which results in physical discomforts and social problems of patients. Many surgical procedures have been introduced such as skin excision and simple closure, local flap, skin graft, subcutaneous shaving and liposuction method, but the result was not satisfactory to patients and several complications, such as symptom recurrence, hematoma, seroma, delayed wound healing, skin flap necrosis and scarring remain as problems. Methods: For the purpose of reducing these problems, we employed combination treatment of liposuction and rasping method. From January 2006 to February 2008, Total 54 patients were treated with this procedure for bilateral axillary osmidrosis. Results: Follow - up evaluation period was from 2 months to 12 months, and the results were satisfactory. In our method, the length of skin incision is less than 1 cm, so the resultant scar is negligible. Apocrine glands in subcutaneous tissue were mostly removed by liposuction apparatus and remained other glands in subdermal area were mostly removed by rasping. The recurrence rate and postoperative complication were minimal. Conclusion: Our method is very simple, short operation time and excellent results without specific complication.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.710-716
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• 2005

A total of 21 patients were operated. Via a columellar labial incision, the upper lateral cartilages were separated from the septum. A submucous resection of the septal cartilage was carried out. After rasping the convex lateral nasal wall of the unaffected side, a low-to-low lateral nasal osteotomy was conducted. Along the deviated dorsal line at the bony vault passing the submucous tunnel, a paramedian nasal osteotomy was performed. The convex side of the nasal bone flap was contoured by rasping. The convex side of the "T"-shaped dorsal septum was trimmed. A total direct septal extension graft of the septal cartilage was done and the alar cartilages were suspended to it. The postoperative results were evaluated by photogrammetric analysis processed by a "neon glow" filter in Adobe Photoshop. The distance from the nasal midline to the most deflective point at 5 levels was measured, and the proportion indices were obtained in regard to intercanthal distance. The results revealed improvement in all levels (p < 0.05), although not perfect. In summary, this technique can result in a clinically good-looking in spite of a slight deflection that still exists

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.46-53
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• 2002

The expolitation of substitute material and new manufacturing technology of the automobile body panel for next generation cars have been steadily professed by advanced automobile companies. High strength steel of TRIP (Transformation of Induced Plasticity) type is developed in response to demands about crash safety and high strength of automobile. In this study, basic technologies can fix up problems occurring on the mass production and applied to the other forming methods will be prepared through rasping a property of TRIP material.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.485-491
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• 1984

In succession to the previous paper, the effect of the addition of food additives, such as glucose, glycine, sucrose and sorbic acid on the histamine formation and histidine decarboxylase activity in mackerel muscle during storage at $25^{\circ}C$ was studied. Additionally, the effect of different rasping condition of mackerel muscle on the histamine formation was also studied. It was estimated that the rasping condition of mackerel muscle also affected to the histamine formation, by showing that much histamine was detected in homogenized muscle than in ground muscle when glucose and sucrose were added. The addition of glycine was inhibitory upon the histamine formation and histidine decarboxylase activity, which, in the muscle added $10\%$ of glycine, the histamine content was below the critical concentration of poisoning for histamine during storage for 5 days at $25^{\circ}C$. The addition of sorbic acid was also inhibited the histamine formation and histidine decarboxylase activity, and the inhibitory effect of $0.2\%$ addition was greater than $0.1\%$ addition.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.253-259
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• 2011

Boring behaviour and drilling mechanism were investigated by visual observations. In this study, of two kinds of holes (the outer and inner holes) which are formed by drilling of boring gastropod Lunatia fortunei (Naticidae), the diameters of the outer holes are broader and larger than those of the inner holes, and their holes look like the crater in shape, as seen in all valves of bivalves bored by Naticidae species. Two kinds of glands (the accessory boring gland and accessory salivary gland) on the foots of boring gastropods have been investigated. Of them, it has been confirmed that only the accessory salivary glands on the foots secreted sulphuric (acidic) components in the mucus (secretion), while the accessory boring glands on the foots did not secrete their components. In this study, we confirmed that L. fortunei possess the accessory boring gland on the foot, as seen in most species in Naticidae. Accoeding to the results of the experiment of the blue litmus paper tests of the mucus (secretions) secreted from the accessory boring gland the color of the blue litmus paper did not turn red in color because chemical components of mucus (secretion) secreted from the accessory boring gland on the foot of L. fortunei (boring gastropod) were not acidic components. It is supposed that the mucus, which is secreted from the accessory boring gland, contained gelatin-like substances or enzymes without acidic components, as already reported in Naticidae species. Therefore, these substances may be involved in softening the surface of the valves of M. veneriformis. Consequently, it is assumed thar L. fortunei bores holes through the shells of molluscs by means of following 3 methods: (1) a softening of the calcareous shells of M. veneriformis with chemical secretions (including gellatin-like substances or enzyme except for acidic components) from the accessory boring glands, (2) mechanical rasping with the radula, (3) a combination of both. In this study, particularly, acidic components, which are involved in softening the surface of the shells, are not associated with the boring mechanism of L. fortunei because chemical acidic components were not detected in the mucus (secretion), as found in Naticidae species.