• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.719-730
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the environmental characteristics of natural habitats, and the genetic variations in samples from 19 different quadrates of Asplenium scolopendrium 10 habitats. The natural habitats of A. scolopendrium were located at an altitudes 110-973 m with inclinations of $7-30^{\circ}$. All the quadrates were located on north facing slopes. The average field capacity of the soil is 31.4%, with organic matter at 16.7%, and the pH is 5.84. The soil texture was confirmed as sandy loam in 8 habitats and silt loam in 2 habitats. A total of 214 vascular plants were identified from 10 habitats. The importance value of the herbaceous layer (H) was the highest in A. scolopendrium, at 10.4%, followed by Arachniodes standishii (7.3%), Dryopteris crassirhizoma (6.5%), and Polystichum tripteron (5.3%), which implies that the natural habitats of A. scolopendrium are affinity with ferns. The species diversity of A. scolopendrium was estimated as on average 1.09, while the dominance and evenness were 0.12 and 0.87, respectively. The result of the RAPD analysis, among 59 bands amplified with a primer, 25 (42.4%) showed polymorphism. Twenty-one individuals of 10 habitats could be classified into four groups with similarity coefficient values ranging from 0.74 to 1.0. Mt. Mullae and Geumdaebong populations shows basal branching within the 21 individuals. Ulleung-do island and Jeju-do island population forms an independent clade, respectively. Mt. Moak and Byeonsan-bando clade formed a sister to the Ulleung-do island and Jeju-do island clade.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.67-75
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to collect the basic data on establishing the conservation plan for the domestic wetland through flora and life form analysis at Junam wetland. The vascular plants were recorded as 222 taxa; 58 families, 167 genera, 200 species, 3 subspecies, 1 forma and 18 varieties. Among 8 life forms, Therophytes (Th), Hemicryptophytes (H) and Hydrophytes (HH) showed high percentage, and these species comprised 71.1% of the whole flora at Junam wetland. One taxa (Euryale ferox) rare plants designated by Korea Forest Service were observed. The naturalized plants were 38 taxa including Fallopia dumetora, Oenothera odorata, Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior and so forth, and naturalized ratio was 17.1%. The naturalized made up about 45 percent of the species composition. The specific plants by floristic region were 13 taxa including Euryale ferox., Hydrocharis dubia, Prunus davidiana and so forth.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.178-213
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the flora of Baengnyeongdo (Isl.). The vascular plants which were collected in 5 times (from Aug. 2011 and Nov. 2012) were identified as 732 taxa in total, including 124 families, 411 genera, 647 species, 8 subspecies, 68 varieties, 7 forms and 2 hybrids. 193 of these taxa were first records for the region. In the flora of this area, the endangered plants designated and protected by the wildlife protection law, the Ministry of Environment, Korea were counted to two taxa. Korean endemics plants numbered 8 taxa, and 78 taxa of specially designated floristic regional indicator plants by the Ministry of Environment. And rare plants were identified as 20 taxa. Based on the list of southern and northern limit of distribution plants, 30 taxa and 43 taxa of halophytes were recorded in the investigated area. The naturalized plants were identified as 92 taxa, and their naturalization ratio were found to be 12.5%, respectively.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.242-247
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• 2016

Background Median cleft lip is a rare anomaly consisting of a midline vertical cleft through the upper lip. It can also involve the premaxillary bone, the nasal septum, and the central nervous system. In our current report, we present the clinical features of 6 patients with a median cleft lip and their surgical management according to the accompanying anomalies. Methods From December 2010 to January 2014, 6 patients with a median cleft lip were reviewed. Five of these cases underwent surgical correction; alveolar bone grafting was performed in a patient with a median alveolar cleft. The surgical technique included inverted-U excision of the upper lip and repair of the orbicularis oris muscle. The mean follow-up period was 20.4 months (range, 7.4-44.0 months). Results The study patients presented various anomalous features. Five patients received surgical correction, 4 with repair of the median cleft lip, and one with iliac bone grafting for median alveolar cleft. A patient with basal sphenoethmoidal meningocele was managed with transoral endoscopic surgery for repair of the meningocele. Successful surgical repair was achieved in all cases with no postoperative complications. Conclusions Relatively mild forms of median cleft lip can be corrected with inverted-U excision with good aesthetic outcomes. In addition, there is a broad spectrum of clinical features and various anomalies, such as nasal deformity, alveolar cleft, and short upper frenulum, which require close evaluation. The timing of the operation should be decided considering the presence of other anomalies that can threaten patient survival.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.173-182
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• 2005

This review is a clinical and research update of recent literature related to childhood onset schizophrenia (with an onset of psychosis by age 12). Childhood onset schizophrenia(COS) is a rare disorder, but that may represent a more homogeneous patient population in which to search for risk or etiologic factors of schizophrenia. These overview data show that COS shares the same clinical and neurobiological features as later onset forms of the disorder. Compared with later onset schizophrenia, however, this subgroup of patients appear to have more severe premorbid neurodevelopmental abnormalities, more cytogenic abnormalies, poor outcome, and potentially greater family histories of schizophrenia and associated spectrum disorders. Future studies of this subgroup may provide important clues as to the genetic basis for schizophrenia and how gene products influence certain feature of the disease, such as age of onset and mode of inheritance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.33-44
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• 2017

This study investigated in the vascular plants of special protection zones (the native land of Berchemia berchemiaefolia in Sadam-ri and Gallon valley) of Songnisan National Park and identified the whole vascular plants. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 273 taxa including 82 families, 182 genera, 236 species, 3 subspecies, 28 varieties and 6 forms. Woody plants were identified as 124 taxa (45.4%) and herbaceous plants as 149 taxa (54.6%). A total of 107 taxa were identified in the area of Sadam-ri, and 246 taxa were found in the Gallon valley. A total of 8 taxa of rare plants were identified, each of which was divided into 1 taxa of endangered (EN; Daphne pseudomezereum var. koreana), 3 taxa of vulnerable (VU; Paeonia japonica, Berchemia berchemiaefolia and Iris minutiaurea), 3 taxa of least concern (LC; Aristolochia contorta, Syringa patula var. kamibayshii and Goodyera schlechtendaliana) and 1 taxa of data deficient (DD; Alangium platanifolium). The Korean endemic plants were 9 taxa (Clematis trichotoma, Thalictrum actaefolium var. brevistylum, Aster koraiensis, Cirsium setidens, etc.). In the specific plants by floristic region were 34 taxa, a degree I were 17 taxa (Chloranthus japonicus, Celastrus stephanotifolius, etc.), 9 taxa of a degree II (Euonymus pauciflorus, Acer triflorum, etc.), 4 taxa of a degree III (Aconitum longecassidatum, Angelica gigas, etc.), 2 taxa of a degree IV (Ulmus macrocarpa and Daphne pseudomezereum var. koreana), 2 taxa of a degree V (Berchemia berchemiaefolia and Alangium platanifolium). The naturalized plants were 5 taxa including Fallopia dumetorum, Trifolium repens, Ailanthus altissima, Oenothera biennis, Erigeron annuus. Naturalization rate (NR) was 1.8% of all 273 taxa of vascular plants and the invasive alien plants were not found. The purpose of this study is to identify the flora that grows in the special protection zones of Songnisan National Park and provide the basic data for the management of the special protection zone in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.82-91
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• 2002

The site for this plan is located at the foot of Mt. Unseo at Galcheon-ri, Changsu-myon, Youngdeok-gun. On the site stands Jangyutsa Temple, built by priest Naong in 1355 (in the 4th year of King Gongmin during Koryo Kingdom). The purpose of this plan is to widely publicize and commemorate priest Naong by designing a district centering around the temple. The basic directions of design can be summarized as follows 1) A special Buddhists'pilgrimage and sight-seeing district aimed at commemorating priest Naong will be developed to preserve the historic figure of priest Naong. To this end, a facility will be built to collect, preserve and exhibit materials related with the great priest in order to preserve his legacy and enhance the image of the space. 2) Special fractions which are rare in other districts will be introduced to create an image different from the conventional memorial districts or sight-seeing zones. To this end, the district will be divided into the Jangyuksa Temple area proper and a district memorial area, each of which will have its own unique characteristics with different functions. On the other hand, the two different areas will be related with each other and complemented by each other. Such planning techniques as articulation and superimposition will be used for a synergistic effect. 3) The plan will accommodate various programs centering around historical and cultural assets, and at the same time will allow tourists to have various experiences and access to the natural environment as well as to a variety of events. 4) In order to plan such landscapes as shown in the traditional mountain temples, the traditional tectonic forms will be used for the facilities. It is expected that the district surrounding Jangyuksa Temple will become a popular sight-seeing destination, and with new historical and cultural environments will become a valuable resource to widely publicize the culture of Youngdeok-gun.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.255-261
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• 2003

To analyze ecological characteristics of the Ulmus pumila community, an on-the-spot survey was conducted in August, 1998 in the Dong River, Gangwon-do, South Korea. The Ulmus pumila community is partially distributed in Dong River's midstream and upper stream. Topographical characteristics of this community are significant in the point bar or sandbank of the river. The community is classified into two types, disturbed and non-disturbed types, by the effect of flooding. The Ulmus pumila community (bush forests of Siberian elms) is a representative community which forms riparian forests, but its distribution is rare in South Korea. Only in Dong River is the Ulmus pumila distributed enough to form a community, and none is known that is lager than this community in South Korea. The non-disturbance type progresses more homogeneously than the disturbance type because it is formed on riverside banks where it is affected less by flooding. We concluded that the Ulmus pumila community in this study area has characteristics of riparian forests. In South Korea, Ulmus pumila community can be regarded as important element of vegetation landscape constituting riparian forests. Specifically, these riparian forests are evaluated as high in conservation value due to their being formed spontaneously. Moreover, Dong River is regarded as the southern limit of Ulmus pumila, which has a northern origin. The species or community needs continuous interests and conservation countermeasures because there are limitations in its spread of distribution by natural or artificial efforts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.45-62
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• 2020

This study is to present the basic data for the conservation and management of natural resources of National Park by understanding the ecological characteristics of special protected areas located in Tohamsan District, Gyeongju National Park, South Korea. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 106 taxa including 47 families, 79 genera, 96 species, 1 subspecies, 7 varieties and 2 forms. For status by sites, there were 59, 50 and 55 taxa in A area(Pedicularis ishidoyana), B area(Millettia japonica) and C area(Cypripedium macranthos), respectively. In the dominant species, the tree layer was Quercus serrata(A area), Platycarya strobilacea and Pinus koraiensis(B area) and Fraxinus rhynchophylla(C area), the subtree layer was Carpinus cordata and Quercus serrata(A area), Pinus koraiensis and Castanea crenata(B area) and Fraxinus rhynchophylla(C area), the 1^st shrub layer was Toxicodendron trichocarpum and Rhododendron schlippenbachii(A area), Lindera erythrocarpa and Styrax japonicus(B area) and Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Lindera erythrocarpa(C area), 2^nd shrub layer was Styrax obassis and Lespedeza maximowiczii(A area), Lespedeza maximowiczii and Rhododendron mucronulatum(B area) and Lindera erythrocarpa(C area), the herbaceous layer was Athyrium yokoscense, Dryopteris chinensis, Dryopteris lacera and Lindera obtusiloba(A area), Athyrium yokoscense, Millettia japonica, Carex humilis Leyss. var. nana and Carex ciliato-marginata(B area) and Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. subsp. serrata, Ajuga spectabilis and Oplismenus undulatifolius(C area).

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.787-799
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• 2020

Objectives: Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is a rare papulosquamous disorder with unknown etiology. Studies on adults have not been conducted yet in Korean medicine. We report the progress of Korean medicine treatment for adult-type pityriasis rubra pilaris. Methods: A 62-year-old female patient was diagnosed with PRP in June 2019. After the diagnosis of PRP, retinoid treatment was continued for about 6 months, and then the drug was switched to an oral immunosuppressant. However, the patient's symptoms did not improve, but instead worsened. The patient was treated with Mihudeungsikjang-tang and acupuncture therapy. We evaluated her treatment progress based on the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), a visual analogue scale (VAS), and the changes in the patient's subjective symptoms. Results: After Korean medicine treatment, the DLQI and VAS scores improved from 18 points to 16 points and from 6 points to 4 points, respectively. The whole-body itching and scaling were reduced by 30% compared to pretreatment. The itching and pain in the neck, which had been severely symptomatic, decreased by 50%. The pain and dysesthesia in the upper and lower extremities disappeared, but the erythema still remained. Conclusions: Conventional treatments for PRP have limitations due to adverse effects and difficulty in treating refractory forms. Korean medicine treatment is worth considering as it can complement the limitations of conventional treatments, although more studies will be needed.