• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2009

A rapeseed reaping equipment attachable to a conventional combine was developed in order to harvest rapeseed for bio-diesel materials. This study was carried out to measure the harvest feasibility of a prototype combine in rapeseed fields. Grain, stem and pod flow rate, grain qualities (whole kernel, damaged kernel, unhulled kernel, material-other-than-grain) and grain loss rates (header, threshing, separation) were investigated in each field test. As the result of the fold test, the average grain flow rates of SUNMANG and MS varieties showed 1,430 kg/h and 2,038 kg/h, respectively. The average stem and pod flow rates showed 3,443 kg/h and 6,596 kg/h, respectively. In each working speed, the average whole kernel rate and the material-other-than-grain showed 99.9% and below 0.08%, respectively. In the average grain loss, the rates showed 5.66% in case of SUNMANG and 5.94% in MS. Header loss was higher than other parts for SUNMANG. However, threshing loss was relatively higher than other parts for MS. Header loss rate due to side cutter knifes, however, was not so high when compared with a grain loss due to the cutter bar. Effective field capacity and field efficiency of the prototype combine showed 0.389 ha/h and 44%, respectively. Comparison of customary combine with the prototype combine through field test demonstrated that the header loss was reduced by 69.3% when the prototype combine was used.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제33권s01호
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• pp.98-114
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• 1988

This study was conducted to investigate the status and prospects of seed quality researches in rapeseed. Rapeseed Quality was mainly related to oil and protein content, fatty acid composition and glucosinolate content. Hence, breeding for improvement of rapeseed Quality has been emphasized as follows: 1) inheritance mode, 2) investigation of germplasm, 3) establishment of analysis technique, 4) establishment of selection method, 5) idealization of cultural technique. The oil quality is determined by its fatty acids. Fatty acids have been determined by gas chromatography. To improve oil quality was emphasized for zero erucic acid, the highest possible linoleic acid and the lowest possible linolenic acid content. Rapeseed meal is not considered as top quality feed ingredient although it has higher protein content and well-balanced amino acid composition. This is mainly because of the presence of considerable amounts of glucosinolates. Thus the reduction of glucosinolate content in rapeseed meal is of great importance. In breeding for meal quality, low glucosinolate lines (plants) were selected and analyzed by gas chromatography and UV-spectrophotometer. Current problems and future researches of rapeseed quality in Korea are 1) improvement of researcher's number and facilities, 2) depression of animal feeding trials, 3) unsatisfied relationship between research and manufacturing and products field, 4) improvement of fertility for yellow and thin seed coat lines crossed between mustard and rapeseed, 5) establishment of new rapid analysing system for rapeseed quality.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.397-400
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• 2006

The objectives of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of seeding and transplanting date on yield and quality of rapeseed experiment were conducted in the research field of Chungcheongnam Do(Taejun) Agricultural Research and Extension Services with Yudal, one of the rapeseed cultivar of different growth characteristics among the six treatments were examined and recorded. Results showed that yield components such as plant height, length of ear and pod, number of branches and pods and percentage of pod setting and seed set were highest at the plot with direct seeding in Sep. 10. In this treatment yield of seed, 1,000 grains weight and weight of $1{\ell}$ were highest. On the basis of vegetative and yield parameter of direct seeding in Sep. 10 was the best sowing date of rapeseed crop in Chungcheongnam Do region of Korea. Experiments were conducted in the research field of Chungcheongnam Do(Taejun) Agricultural Research and Extension Services with Yudal variety, which showed different growth characteristics. Yield components such as plant height, length of ear and pod, number of branches and pods and percentage of pod setting and seed set were highest at the plot with direct seeding in Sep. 10. Yield of seed, 1,000 grains weight and weight of $1{\ell}$ were highest at the direct seeding in Sep. 10. Judging from the results reported above, seemed to be direct seeding in Sep. 10.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.697-699
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• 2006

To find out the best complex fertilizer for high yielding of rapeseed crop, experiment was conducted on complex fertilizers at the experiment field in upland of rapeseed in Mokpo Experiment Station, Nat'l Institute of Corp Science, RDA, Korea. Experiment was laid out in randomized complete block (RCBD) design. The effects of complex fertilizer (22-22-11) on the number of branches, pod length, percentage of seed set and seed yield were highest but on the plant height, ear length, and number of pods per ear were negligible. On th basis of the results reported above, for getting higher yield of rapeseed crop, among the tested fertilizers complex fertilizer (22-22-11) gave the superior performance and is recommended for application.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.114-119
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• 2009

Field test was conducted to investigate primary factors reducing rapeseed harvesting using a reciprocating cutter-bar of combine. The results showed that the correlation between crop moisture content and yield loss had a U-type, which indicated that the yield reduction increased at too high and too low crop moisture contents. The proper ranges of crop moisture contents were 27${\sim}$35%, 21${\sim}$56%, and 62${\sim}$73% in case of grain, pod and stem, respectively. Crop moisture content was negatively correlated with header loss, but positively correlated with threshing loss. In contrary, stem moisture content showed positive correlations with total loss, threshing loss and separation loss. Working speed was positively correlated with header loss. Total flow rate, pod flow rate and stem flow rate were highly correlated with threshing loss and separation loss. However, grain flow rate did not show any correlation with total loss. According to the principal component analysis, two principal components were derived as components with eigenvalues greater than 1.0. The contribution rates of the first and the second components were 52.7% and 38.9%, which accounted for 91.6% of total variance. As a contributive factor influencing total loss of rapeseed mechanical harvesting, a crop moisture content factor was greater than a crop flow rate factor. The stepwise multiple regression analysis for total loss was conducted using crop moisture content factor, crop flow rate factor and coefficient. However, the model did not show any correlation among independent and dependent factors ($R^2$=0.060).

• Plant Resources
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.281-285
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• 2005

In order to select suitable fertilizer level and sowing rate of Dangyo $^{#8}$(hybrid) rapeseed at the southern area of Korea, two varieties of Naehanyuchae (Normal) and Dangyo $^{#8}$(hybrid) rapeseed currently grown for oil production by two fertilizer level with 10-8-8 kg/10a and 15-8-8 kg/10a and three sowing rate with 500 g/10a, 1,000g/10a and 1,500g/10a with relatively high yield was grown at the same condition yield and yield components were observed. Dangyo $^{#8}$(hybrid) rapeseed was superior to oil-eed rapeseed for yield at the 15-8-8 kg/10a of fertilizer and 1,500 g/10a of sowing rate. Fertilizer level, $N-P_{2}O_5-K_{2}O$ = 15-8-8 kg/10a and sowing rate, 1,500 g/10a showed somewhat higher value in two varieties of Naehanyuchae(Normal) and Dangyo $^{#8}$(hybrid).

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2009

Suitable rapeseed cultivation techniques of domestic agriculture are essential for stable security, supply and demand of rapeseed. This research developed a rapeseed seeder for bio-diesel and analyzed the seeding performance improving an existent granule fertilizer applicator. The relational expression of metering groove size and discharge rate per time displayed high correlation with a coefficient of determination of 0.988. Also, the scattering types were analyzed by forwarding speed and discharge rate. Validity application width was decided as 7.0 m by analyzing application uniformity at application widths of 7.6 m, 6.6 m, 5.6 m. All average coefficients of variation values were less than 20%. The best application uniformity was obtained in the condition of a work speed of 1.3 m/s and a sowing rate of 19.0 g/s. It was better average coefficient of variation values under 10% at superposition application of rapeseed seeder. Also, scattering amount rates of right and left were within 0.89${\sim}$1.0.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.106-113
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• 2009

This study was carried out to test feasibility of a granule fertilizer applicator for rapeseed seeding in paddy fields. The metering plate of a conventional applicator was modified for rapeseed seeding. The modified plate had new three seeding openings with total area of $342mm^2$. Average target discharging rates ranged from 6.3 to 21.0 g/s and correlated with opening areas. Application patterns of the rapeseed seeding showed M-shape. The coefficients of variation of the application showed 70.5% at 0.99 m/s of forwarding speed and 14.3 g/s of a discharge rate, and 77.7% at 1.72 m/s of a forwarding speed and 8.23 g/s of a discharge rate. The coefficients of variation in the direction of transverse of the tractor ranged from 7.3 to 47.7%. In rapeseed seeding tests using the applicator, seed damages rates were less than 15% due to the agitator, the seed hopper and the seeding plate break. Therefore, improvements of the applicator blow heads and seeding equipments were required in order to apply rapeseed efficiently.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.198-202
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• 1984

답리작과 전작 유채재배에서 지방산조성이 개량된 품종을 공시하여 시비량을 달리했을 때의 토양화학적 성질, 종실의 유분함량 및 지방산조성의 변화를 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 유분함량은 전작재배에서보다 답리작재배에서 높았고 지방산조성에서는 Palmitic. Linoleic. Linolenic acid함량은 답리작재배에서 높았으며 Stearic과 Oleic acid는 전작재배에서 높아지는 경향이었다. 2. 질소시용은 많을수록 함유율이 증가하는 경향이나 15kg/10a 이상에서는 오히려 감소하였으며 인산과 가리는 모두 증가할수록 함유율이 증가하였다. 3.양질 지방산인 Oleic+Linoleic acid의 함량은 답리작보다는 전작재배의 경우 평균 2∼5％ 더 높아서 유질이며 우수하였다. 4. Oleic acid와 Linoleic acid 함량은 질소의 증시에 의해 증가하는 경향이며 인산과 가리에서는 전작인 경우 8kg/10a까지는 증가하나 그 이상에서는 감소하였으며 답리작에서는 인산, 가리의 증시효과가 없었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.272-279
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• 2002

환경보전형 시비기술 개발을 목적으로 화학비료의 사용을 절감하는 한편 화학비표를 유기질비료로 대체 사용하는 방법을 구명코자 호남평야지 대표 토양인 전북통에서 2년간('99~'00) 동안벼를 공시하여 어린모 기계이앙으로 재배하였고 시비방법으로 관행(표준시비), 완효성비료(LCU) 40%를 전량기비 후 수비로 출수 30일전에 채종유박시용량을 10, 30, 50%시용구와 질소무시용구 등 5처리 하여 수행한 시험결과는 다음과 같다. 공시된 채종유박의 질소 무기화율은 72.4%였으며 전질소함량은 5.3%였다. 시험후 토양의 화학성은 관행에 비하여 유박시용구에서 pH, 유기물함량 등이 증가되었으나 칼리와 고토함량은 일정한 경향이 없었다. 시비질소의 토양중 $NH_4-N$ 발현량은 이앙 후 18일까지는 LCU시용구 보다 관행구에서 높았으나 최고분얼기 이후부터 상반되었고 출수기에는 수비유박 대체량이 많을수록 높아 졌다. 수량은 관행에 비하여 완효성비료 (LCU)40% 기비 시용후 유박시용량이 증가할수록 증수하였는데 유박을 수비로 30%시용시 2%, 50%시용시 4% 증수되었으며, 증수요인은 $m^2$당 립수의 증가에 있었다. 한편 시비질소 흡수량은 관행에 비하여 수비유박의 시용량이 증가 할수록 많았으나 질소이용율은 수비로 유박을 50%시용한 처리보다 30%시용한 처리에서 높게 나타났다. 따라서 관행의 수비요소를 유박으로 30%까지 대체할 경우 비료 절감측면이나 질소 이용효율 면에서 유리할 것으로 판단되었다.