• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.66-71
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• 2016

PikD is a widely known pathway-specific regulator for controlling pikromycin production in Streptomyces venezuelae ATCC 15439, which is a representative of the large ATP-binding regulator of the LuxR family (LAL) in Streptomyces sp. RapH and FkbN also belong to the LAL family of transcriptional regulators, which show greatest homology with the ATP-binding motif and helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif of PikD. Overexpression of pikD and heterologous expression of rapH and fkbN led to enhanced production of pikromycin by approximately 1.8-, 1.6-, and 1.6-fold in S. venezuelae, respectively. Cross-complementation of rapH and fkbN in the pikD deletion mutant (ΔpikD) restored pikromycin and derived macrolactone production. Overall, these results show that heterologous expression of rapH and fkbN leads to the overproduction of pikromycin and its congeners from the pikromycin biosynthetic pathway in S. venezuelae, and they have the same functionality as the pathwayspecific transcriptional activator for the pikromycin biosynthetic pathway in the ΔpikD strain. These results also show extensive "cross-communication" between pathway-specific regulators of streptomycetes and suggest revision of the current paradigm for pathwayspecific versus global regulation of secondary metabolism in Streptomyces species.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2004

본 논문은 상온상태의 폐아스팔트 포장재료를 가열재활용하여 기층용뿐만 아니라 표층용으로 활용함에 있어 재생 아스팔트 바인더의 특성을 연구한 것이다. 4종류의 RAP을 가지고 RAP 자체의 기본 물성을 시험하였다. 배합설계는 표층에는 RAP을 10, 20%를 첨가하였고, 기층에는 10. 20, 30%를 첨가하였다. 재생혼합물의 신규바인더로는 AC 60-80을 선정하였다. 침입도, 점도, GPC, TFO. 저온균열 저항성을 평가하기 위한 BBR 실험을 수행하였다. 절대점도와 GPC에서의 대형입도분자(LMS)를 지수함수 회귀분석을 통해 $R^2$이 0.95 이상이었고 이것은 절대점도 추정에 GPC 결과가 상당히 정확함을 시사해주고 있다. RAP을 첨가한 재생 아스팔트 바인더의 PG 저온 등급은 일반 신규 바인더에 비해 한 단계 높은 등급을 나타내므로 저온균열에 대한 저항성은 약간 약한 것으로 나타났다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.605-619
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• 2024

The increase of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) content in recycled asphalt concrete (RAC) is accompanied by the degradation of low-temperature cracking resistance, which has become an obstacle to the development of RAC. This paper aims to reveal the meso-scale mechanisms of the low-temperature fracture behavior of RAC and provide a theoretical basis for the economical recycling of RAP. For this purpose, micromechanical heterogeneous peridynamic model of RAC was established and validated by comparing three-point bending (TPB) test results against corresponding numerical simulation results of RAC with 50% RAP content. Furthermore, the models with different aggregate shapes (i.e., average aggregates circularity (${\bar{C_r}}=1.00$, 0.75, and 0.50) and RAP content (i.e., 0%, 15%, 30%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) were constructed to investigate the effect of aggregate shape and RAP content on the low-temperature cracking resistance. The results show that peridynamic models can accurately simulate the low-temperature fracture behavior of RAC, with only 2.9% and 13.9% differences from the TPB test in flexural strength and failure strain, respectively. On the meso-scale, the damage in the RAC is mainly controlled by horizontal tensile stress and the stress concentration appears in the interface transition zone (ITZ). Aggregate shape has a significant effect on the low-temperature fracture resistance, i.e., higher aggregate circularity leads to better low-temperature performance. The large number of microcracks generated during the damage evolution process for the peridynamic model with circular aggregates contributes to slowing down the fracture, whereas the severe stress concentration at the corners leads to the fracture of the aggregates with low circularity under lower stress levels. The effect of RAP content below 30% or above 50% is not significant, but a substantial reduction (16.9% in flexural strength and 16.4% in failure strain) is observed between the RAP content of 30% and 50%. This reduction is mainly attributed to the fact that the damage in the ITZ region transfers significantly to the aggregates, especially the RAP aggregates, when the RAP content ranges from 30% to 50%.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.129-137
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) in children who presented with nonorganic acute abdominal pain. Methods: A retrospective, single study was conducted on 2-15-year-old children diagnosed with nonorganic acute abdominal pain at the pediatric outpatient department of Vajira Hospital, Nawamindradhiraj University, between January 2015 and December 2019. The potential risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Of the 367 patients with nonorganic acute abdominal pain, 94 (25.6%) experienced RAP within three months. In this group with RAP, 76 patients (80.8%) were diagnosed with functional gastrointestinal disorders, including functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, functional abdominal pain-not otherwise specified, and functional constipation. History of gastrointestinal infection (p=0.011), mental health problems (p=0.022), abdominal pain lasting ≥7 days (p<0.001), and change in stool frequency (p=0.001) were the independent risk factors associated with RAP in children with nonorganic acute abdominal pain; their odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 3.364 (1.314-8.162), 3.052 (1.172-7.949), 3.706 (1.847-7.435), and 2.649 (1.477-4.750), respectively. Conclusion: RAP is a common problem among children who first present with nonorganic acute abdominal pain. The identification of risk factors may provide proper management, especially follow-up plans for this group in the future.

• BMB Reports
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.132-139
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• 2006

Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin), which belongs to the classical cadherin family, is localized at adherens junctions exclusively in vascular endothelial cells. Biochemical and biomechanical cues regulate the VE-cadherin adhesive potential by triggering the intracellular signals. VE-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion is required for cell survival and endothelial cell deadhesion is required for vascular development. It is therefore crucial to understand how VE-cadherin-based cell adhesion is controlled. This review summarizes the inter-endothelial cell adhesions and introduces our recent advance in Rap1-regulated VE-cadherin adhesion. A further analysis of the VE-cadherin recycling system will aid the understanding of cell adhesion/deadhesion mechanisms mediated by VE-cadherin in response to extracellular stimuli during development and angiogenesis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.473-479
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• 2009

배경: 역행성자가혈액충전(RAP)은 체외순환으로 인한 과도한 혈희석을 예방하여 심장수술과 관련된 수혈량을 줄일 수 있는 유용한 방법으로 알려져 있으나 그 효과에 대한 반론도 여전하다. 저자들은 RAP의 혈액보존효과를 분석하고 보조적 수단으로서 자가수혈과, 초여과법의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년 1월부터 2007년 12월까지 심폐기를 사용한 단독 관상동맥우회수술을 시행한 117명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 평균나이는 63.9$\pm$9.1세(범위 36$\sim$83세), 남여 성비는 83 : 34였고 RAP군은 62명, 대조군은 55명이었다. RAP는 체외순환 시작 전 동맥 및 정맥라인을 통해 정질성 충전액이 배액되도록 하였다. 초여과법은 체외순환 중 시행하는 고전적방법과, 체외순환 직후 시행하는 변형법을 적용하였다. 동종적혈구의 수혈기준은 적혈구용적량 20% 미만으로 하였다 결과: 79예(67.5%)에서 수술 중 자가수혈을 시행하였고 채혈량은 평균 142.5$\pm$65.4 mL (범위 30$\sim$320 mL)였다. 체외순환 중 동종적혈구 수혈은 47예(40.2%)에서 시행되었으며 평균 수혈량은 404.3$\pm$222.6 mL였다. 수혈의 위험인자는 체표면적(OR 0.01, 95% CI 0.00$\sim$0.63, p=0.030)과 심폐기 가동시간(OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01$\sim$1.08, p=0.019)이었다. RAP는 수혈빈도를 감소시키는 효과는 없었지만(34.5% vs 45.2%, p=0.24), 수혈량은 통계적으로 의미있게 감소하였고(526.3$\pm$242.3 mL vs 321.4$\pm$166.3 mL, p=0.001) 자가수혈과 초여과법을 병합 적용할 경우 누진적으로 수혈량 감소효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다(한가지; 600.0$\pm$231.0 mL, 두가지; 533.3$\pm$264.6 mL, 세가지; 346.7$\pm$176.7 mL, 네가지; 300.0$\pm$146.1 mL, p=0.002). 결론: RAP는 체외순환 중 동종적혈구 수혈빈도를 감소시키지는 못했지만 수혈량은 의미있게 감소시키는 효과가 있었고, 자가수혈과 초여과법은 추가적인 수혈량 감소효과를 보였다. 체외순환 중 수혈빈도를 감소시키기 위해서는 수혈기준이 되는 적혈구용적량을 낮추고 정질성 수액의 투여를 제한하는 등의 적극적 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2023

환경 스트레스 신호 인지부터 스트레스 반응 유전자의 발현에 이르는 신호전달 네트워크에 있어서, 스트레스 반응 프로모터의 cis-조절 요소와 거기에 결합하는 다양한 전사인자는 환경 스트레스에 대한 식물의 적응을 조절한다. 애기장대 AP2/ERF 전사인자 패밀리 중 그룹 VII ERF는 RAP2.12, RAP2.2, RAP2.3, AtERF73/HRE1, AtERF71/HRE2 유전자를 포함하며, 저산소 스트레스 반응에서 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 HRE1 프로모터의 저산소 반응 부위를 동정하였다. 이를 위해 1,000 bp, 800 bp, 600 bp, 400 bp, 200 bp, 100 bp, 그리고 50 bp HRE1 프로모터 부위를 포함하는 벡터를 제작하여 프로모 터 활성을 분석한 결과, -200에서 -100 프로모터 부위가 HRE1의 저산소 반응에서 중요함을 확인하였다. HRE1의 -200에서 -100 프로모터 부위에는 저산소 반응 cis-조절 요소로 알려진 ERF-결합 부위와 DOF-결합 부위가 존재하는데, 이는 HRE1의 발현이 ERF 전사인자와 DOF 전사인자에 의해 조절될 수 있음을 시사한다. 전체적으로, 본 연구를 통해 HRE1 의 저산소 스트레스 반응에는 -200에서 -100 프로모터 부위에 존재하는 cis-조절 요소가 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2014

The traditional RAP (Redundancy Allocation Problem) of complex systems has considered only the redundancy of subsystem with homogeneous components. In this paper we extend it as a RAP of complex systems with heterogeneous components which is more flexible than the case of homogeneous components. We model this problem as a nonlinear integer programming problem, find its optimal solution by tabu search, and suggest an example of the efficient reliability design with heterogeneous components. In order to improve the quality of the solution of the tabu search, we suggest a modified tabu search to employ an adaptive procedure (1-opt or 2-opt exchange) to generate the efficient neighborhood solutions. Computational results show that our modified procedure obtains better solutions as the size of problem increases from 30 to 50, even though it requires rather more computing time. With some adjustment of the parameters of the proposed method, it can be applied to the optimal reliability designs of complex systems of ships.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.75-85
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• 2017

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum mix design of the content of 100 % reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) for spray injection application with different binder types. METHODS : Literature review revealed that spray injection method is the one of the efficient and economical methods for repairing a small defective area on an asphalt pavement. The Rapid-Setting Polymer modified asphalt mixtures using two types of rapid setting polymers-asphalt emulsion and a quick setting polymer asphalt emulsion-were subjected to the following tests to determine optimum mix designs and for performance comparison: 1) Marshall stability test, 2) Retained stability test, 3) Wet track abrasion test, and 4) Dynamic stability test. RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS : Type A, B, and C emulsions were tested with different mix designs using RAP aggregates, to compare the performances and determine the optimum mix design. Performance of mixtures with Type A emulsion exceeded that of mixtures with Type B and C emulsion in all aspects. In particular, Type A binder demonstrated the highest performance for WTAT at low temperature. It demonstrated the practicality of using Type A mixture during the cold season. Furthers studies are to be performed to verify the optimum mix design for machine application. Differences in optimum mix designs for machine application and lab application will be corrected through field tests.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2010

본 연구는 준고온 공법을 이용한 재생 아스팔트 콘크리트의 강도특성을 평가하기 위해 이루어졌다. 굵은 골재 최대치수 13mm의 화강암과 침입도 60-80인 신규 바인더 60-80을 재생 혼합물을 제조하는데 사용하였다. 배합설계는 RAP(굵은 입자 : 잔입자=6 : 4) 첨가비율 20%와 30%를 사용하였고 GPC, 침입도, 절대점도, 동점도를 준고온 첨가제(Evotherm와 Sasobit)의 첨가 함량을 결정하기 위하여 측정하였다. LD(low-density poly ethylene)를 본 연구에서 준고온 재생 아스팔트 혼합물의 개질제로 사용하였다. 본 연구에서는 8개의 준고온 재생 혼합물(2 RAP함량 ${\times}$ 2 준고온 첨가제 ${\times}$ 2 개질제)뿐만 아니라 2개의 일반 재생 혼합물, 1개의 가열혼합 일반혼합물(control)까지 총 11개의 혼합물을 제조하였다. 변형강도 시험, 간접인장강도 시험, 수분민감성 시험, wheel tracking을 통한 소성변형 시험을 준고온 재생혼합물의 기본 특성을 평가하기 위하여 수행하였다.