• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.155-164
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• 2024

This study proposes an unsupervised learning-based clustering model to estimate the ESG ratings of domestic public institutions. To achieve this, the optimal number of clusters was determined by comparing spectral clustering and k-means clustering. These results are guaranteed by calculating the Davies-Bouldin Index (DBI), a model performance index. The DBI values were 0.734 for spectral clustering and 1.715 for k-means clustering, indicating lower values showed better performance. Thus, the superiority of spectral clustering was confirmed. Furthermore, T-test and ANOVA were used to reveal statistically significant differences between ESG non-financial data, and correlation coefficients were used to confirm the relationships between ESG indicators. Based on these results, this study suggests the possibility of estimating the ESG performance ranking of each public institution without existing ESG ratings. This is achieved by calculating the optimal number of clusters, and then determining the sum of averages of the ESG data within each cluster. Therefore, the proposed model can be employed to evaluate the ESG ratings of various domestic public institutions, and it is expected to be useful in domestic sustainable management practice and performance management.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.114-128
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• 2024

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the perception of nutrition teachers and the factors influencing their intention toward sustainable dietary education utilizing the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Methods: The self-administered online survey was completed by nutrition teachers in Jeollanam-do, South Korea. A total of 151 valid questionnaires were analyzed. Factor analysis and multiple regressions were employed to test the research model. Results: The study findings demonstrated that all TPB variables significantly influenced the sustainable dietary educational intention, with the degree of influence ranking as follows: external perceived behavioral control (β = 0.417), attitude (β = 0.240), internal perceived behavioral control (β = 0.207), and subjective norms (β = 0.181). For external perceived behavioral control, nutrition teachers and elementary schools exhibited higher levels compared to dietitians and middle/high schools, respectively. The participants in sustainable dietary education training programs exhibited a higher level of internal perceived behavioral control compared to those who did not participate. The highest perception levels were reported for attitude (4.26), followed by subjective norms (4.02), internal perceived behavioral control (3.67), and external perceived behavioral control (3.20). Conclusions: This study affirmed that the TPB variables elucidated the sustainable dietary educational intentions of nutrition teachers. The significant impacts of external and internal perceived behavioral control, attitude, and subjective norms on educational intentions were confirmed. Consequently, proactive support from schools and governments is essential to enhance the facilitating factors and mitigate the barriers toward sustainable dietary education in schools.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.438-447
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• 2012

The objectives of this research are: to provide fundamental data for tourism policy and investigate medical tourism attributes by IPA(Importance-Performance Analysis) to attract Japanese medical tourists to Korea. Utilizing Japanese medical tourists as subjects of inquiry, this study evaluated the importance of medical tourism selection attributes and the rate at which these attributes were performed. Consequently, this study deduced 'convenience, service quality, differentiation, approximation' factors by factor analysis as well as the ranking among each selection attributes using T-test. The importance-performance analysis showed 'Concentrate Here' in quadrant I, 'Keep up the Good Work' in quadrant II, 'Low Priority' in quadrant III and 'Possible Overkill' in quadrant IV. The results show that "Concentrate Here" part in quadrant I is reservation procedure rapidity and information system simplicity. This means that these attributes are very important but they indicate low performance. Thus, concentration among tourism managers should be focused along these attributes. The study, then, suggests that employee who speaks Japanese fluently should be arranged during reservation procedure. Furthermore, Japanese class should become mandatory during basic employee training to improve reservation procedure rapidity. Moreover, clinic websites should concentrate on accessibility of Japanese users in such a way that they can consult their needs on line. Finally, managers should find diverse ways to bring about good service rapidly and conveniently.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.10-10
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• 2001

본 연구는 정자의 기능검사와 체외수정을 실시하여 수정능력과 수태율의 예측을 위한 이들간의 상관관계를 알아보기 위하여 AI 중인 8두의 종모돈을 가지고 시도되었다. 정자의 기능검사로서 첨체상태는 spermac stain을 이용하여 관찰하였고 정자원형질막의 온전성(integrity) 검사로는 hypo-osmotic test(HOST)를 실시하였다. 그리고 정자의 첨체효소인 acrosin activity를 측정하였다. 체외수정율은 체외성숙 난포란과 실시하였다. 8마리 종모돈의 첨체형태의 정상비율은 처리전 64.7-81.9%, 처리후 21.8~48.1%로 개체간의 유의성이 있었다. Acrosin activity는 처리전 3.70-4.57 mIU/$10^{6}$ 정자, 처리후 3.23~5.53 mIU/$10^{6}$ 정자였으며 처리전 개체에서만 유의성이 있었다. HOST는 처리전 26.5~54.5%, 처리후 20.2~50.0%로서 처리전후간의 차이는 없었지만 개체간의 유의차는 있었다. 체외수정율의 범위는 61.6~8l% 였고 6일 후 배발달율(배반포율)은 11~22%로 개체간의 유의성이 있었다. Spearman ranking correlation에서 체외수정율은 첨체상태검사와는 0.45, HOST와는 0.43로서 유의성이 인정되지 않았다. 또한 수태율은 첨체상태검사와 0.89, acrosin activity와 0.86, HOST와 0.86, 체외수정과 0.51로서 유의적으로 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 본 결과에서 종모돈의 기능검사와 체외수정결과로 개체간의 수정능력의 차이를 알 수 있었으나 수정란의 발달율이나 수태율을 예측할 수 있을 만큼의 상관성은 얻지 못했다. 정자검사에 있어서 일반성상 검사외에 정자기능 검사의 추가 실시가 종모돈 정자의 정확한 수정능력을 예측하는데 필요할 것이다.llus kawachii등으로 담금하여 제조한 술 시료 11종류를 대상으로 하여 쓴맛, 미묘한 맛, 떫은 맛, 신맛, 좋은 맛의 정도를 5단계로 나누어 관능검사를 실시한 다음 자료를 Duncan's multiple range test로 분석한 결과 전체적으로 좋은 맛에 대한 기호도는 Aspergillus sp. SH-607 시료와 Aspergillus sp. SH-412, Rhizopus sp. SH-606, Aspergillus sp. SH-613, Rhizopus sp. SH-654, Aspergillus sp. SH-696 Aspergillus kawachii 시료가 유의성 있게 좋은 맛을 나타내 기호도가 높았으며 맛과 기호도가 가장 좋았던 것은 Aspergillus sp. SH-607 시료로 나타났다.\varepsilon}}$는 268.20 $m^2$/day, $T_{ηη}$는 28.75 $m^2$/day이고 주 텐서방향은 N7.55$^{\circ}$E이며 BH-5호공에서의 $T_{{\varepsilon}{\varepsilon}}$는 168.40 $m^2$/day, $T_{ηη}$는 66.80 $m^2$/day이고 주 텐서방향은 N76.59$^{\circ}$E로 나타났다. 이처럼 연구지역에서의 각각의 공에 대한 투수량계수텐서는 서로 다르게 나타났으며 이에 따른 주 텐서방향도 서로 다름을 알 수 있다.. Targeting a 10% recycling rate for municipal waste in 2001. EPA plans to research and develop new recycling techniques, expand t

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.585-593
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• 2020

This study was conducted to research the Selection Attributes of tourists in Jeonju Hanok Village. The purpose of this study was to study the importance and satisfaction after visiting the Jeonju Hanok Village using IPA analysis, and to provide results and marketing implications. The survey was conducted from the October to the November in 2018. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed and 258 responded questionnaires were reliable to be used as a sample. The result of the survey was analyzed by using SPSS 15.0 version for window with Paired t-test and IPA method. Frequency Analysis was also conducted for the characteristic of samples. As a result of the study, first, the cleanliness of tourist attractions was the highest among the selection attributes, and the next ranking was in the order of parking lot facilities, natural scenery, food, and weather. Second, the natural property was the most satisfactory as a selection property item that tourists visiting Hanok Village were satisfied with, followed by climate(weather), regional characteristics, historical and cultural resources, and cleanliness of tourist attractions. Third, depending on the importance-satisfaction value of the selection attribute variable perceived by tourists visiting Hanok Village, it is necessary to develop various programs in Hanok Village and prepare measures to increase tourist satisfaction.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1943-1948
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• 2012

Introduction: Prostate cancer in Indonesia is the $3^{rd}$ ranking cancer among males and the $5^{th}$ rank for their cancer mortality. Prognostic markers that can identify aggressive prostate cancer in early stages and help select appropriate therapy to finally reduce the mortality are therefore urgently needed. It has been suggested that stem cells in the prostate gland have a role in initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer, although controversy continues to exist. Maintenance of normal stem cell or reserve cell populations in several epithelia including prostate has been shown to be regulated by p63 and alteration of p63 expression is considered to have an oncogenic role in prostate cancer. We hypothesize that the expression of cytoplasmic aberrance of p63 is associated with high ALDH1A1 expression as a cancer stem cell marker, thus leading to progression of prostate cancer. Methods: Using a cross-sectional study during two years (2009-2010), a total of 79 paraffin embedded tissues of benign prostatic hyperplasia, PIN prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, low and high Gleason score prostate cancer were investigated using immunohistochemistry. Associations between cytoplasmic p63 and ALDH1A1, as well as with pathological diagnosis, were analyzed by Chi-Square test using SPSS 15.0. Links of both markers with cell proliferation rate (KI-67) and apoptotic rate (cleaved caspase 3) were also analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: The mean age of patient at the diagnosis is 70.0 years. Cytoplasmic aberrance of p63 was associated with ALDH1A1 expression (p<0.001) and both were found to have significant relationships with pathological diagnosis (including Gleason score), (p=0.006 and p<0.001 respectively). Moreover, it was also found that higher levels of cytoplasmic p63 were significantly associated with the frequency of proliferating cells and cells undergoing apoptosis in prostate cancers (p=0.001 and p=0.016 respectively). Conclusion: p63 cytoplasmic aberrance is associated with high ALDH1A1 expression. These components are suggested to have an important role in prostate cancer progression and may be used as molecular markers.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.136-142
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• 2012

Acute toxicity test of heavy metal (Cd, Cu, Zn) were examined using the hatching rates of fertilized eggs in the oliver flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Eggs were exposed to Cd, Cu, Zn (0, 10, 100, 500, 1000, 2500, 5000 ppb) and then normal hatching rates were investigated after 48 h. The normal hatching rates in the control condition (not including Cd, Cu and Zn) were greater than 80%, but suddenly decreased with increasing of heavy metal concentrations. Cd, Cu and Zn reduced the normal hatching rates in concentration-dependent way and a significant reduction occurred at concentration grater than 1000, 100, 100 ppb, respectively. The ranking of heavy metal toxicity was Zn>Cu>Cd, with $EC_{50}$ values of 584, 1015 and 1282 ppb, respectively. The no-observed-effect-concentration (NOEC) and the lowest-observed-effect-concentration (LOEC) showed each 100 and 500 ppb of normal hatching rates in exposed to Cu and Zn. The NOEC and LOEC of normal hatching rates in Cd were 500 ppb and 1000 ppb, respectively. From these results, the normal hatching rates of P. olivaceus have toxic effect at greater than the 100 ppb concentrations in Cu, Zn and the 500 ppb concentrations in Cd in natural ecosystems. These results suggest that biological assay using the normal hatching rates of P. olivaceus are very useful test method for the acute toxicity assessment of a toxic substance as heavy metal in marine ecosystems.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

This study is conducted to use the real-time ultrasound measurement data of Hanwoo as basic data being available to improvement. We used the ultrasound measurement data of 1,125 heads of performance tested cattle and the carcass data after castrating at about 12 months of age, fattened to 30 months, and then sold. For 921 heads of progeny tested cattle, we used test data and slaughter data. Heritabilities of ultrasound data for longissimus muscle area and backfat thickness measured at 12 months of age were estimated as 0.57 and- 0.41, respectively, and at 24 months of age, it was 0.57 and- 0.60, respectively, with high heritability. However, in estimation value of heritability containing ultrasound measurement for percent intramuscular fat, it showed low and medium heritability as 0.14 at 12 months of age and 0.22 at 24 months of age for each. The longissimus muscle area, backfat thickness, and percent intramuscular fat of ultrasound measure traits and longissimus muscle area, backfat thickness, marbling score of carcass traits genetic correlation of at 12 months of age were estimated as 0.616, 0.544, 0.501, respectively and at 24 months of age, it showed high genetic correlation as 0.894, 0.937, 0.263, respectively. As a result of ranking correlation between selection index by using weight, carcass traits at 12 months of age and selection index based on ultrasound measurement data which has high genetic correlation, in data of ultrasound measurement at 12 months of age, it showed high ranking correlation as that selection index of young bull was 0.140 and that of proven bull was 0.843.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.97-113
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• 2016

Due to the growth of internet data and the rapid development of internet technology, "big data" analysis is actively conducted to analyze enormous data for various purposes. Especially in recent years, a number of studies have been performed on the applications of text mining techniques in order to overcome the limitations of existing structured data analysis. Various studies on sentiment analysis, the part of text mining techniques, are actively studied to score opinions based on the distribution of polarity of words in documents. Usually, the sentiment analysis uses sentiment dictionary contains positivity and negativity of vocabularies. As a part of such studies, this study tries to construct sentiment dictionary which is customized to specific data domain. Using a common sentiment dictionary for sentiment analysis without considering data domain characteristic cannot reflect contextual expression only used in the specific data domain. So, we can expect using a modified sentiment dictionary customized to data domain can lead the improvement of sentiment analysis efficiency. Therefore, this study aims to suggest a way to construct customized dictionary to reflect characteristics of data domain. Especially, in this study, movie review data are divided by genre and construct genre-customized dictionaries. The performance of customized dictionary in sentiment analysis is compared with a common sentiment dictionary. In this study, IMDb data are chosen as the subject of analysis, and movie reviews are categorized by genre. Six genres in IMDb, 'action', 'animation', 'comedy', 'drama', 'horror', and 'sci-fi' are selected. Five highest ranking movies and five lowest ranking movies per genre are selected as training data set and two years' movie data from 2012 September 2012 to June 2014 are collected as test data set. Using SO-PMI (Semantic Orientation from Point-wise Mutual Information) technique, we build customized sentiment dictionary per genre and compare prediction accuracy on review rating. As a result of the analysis, the prediction using customized dictionaries improves prediction accuracy. The performance improvement is 2.82% in overall and is statistical significant. Especially, the customized dictionary on 'sci-fi' leads the highest accuracy improvement among six genres. Even though this study shows the usefulness of customized dictionaries in sentiment analysis, further studies are required to generalize the results. In this study, we only consider adjectives as additional terms in customized sentiment dictionary. Other part of text such as verb and adverb can be considered to improve sentiment analysis performance. Also, we need to apply customized sentiment dictionary to other domain such as product reviews.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.675-681
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• 2012

Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare started to implement oral health hub center to provide oral health preventive program and dental treatment to public, especially dental vulnerable class in 2006. But, there is no applicant area to implement it regardless of national budget arrangement in 2012. This study is aimed to investigate the reason not to be implemented and requirements of implementation. 293 among 1,000 public dental hygienists in the area where have not implemented oral health hub center were surveyed in Korea from April to July in 2012 through convenience sampling. The questionnaire consisted of the reason why oral health hub center have not been implemented, the requirement of implementation, duty area and duty position et al. After removal of insufficient responses, 217 questionnaires were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA using SPSS 20.0. The reason why oral health hub center have not been implemented were deficiency of the priority list as compared with other health program (72.4%), space insufficiency (71.4%), regional budget insufficiency (70.5%), will insufficiency of oral health promotion (70.5%) and manpower insufficiency (62.7%). The first requirement of implementation were space expansion and regional budget expansion, followed by reduction of record-originated and administrative tasks, understanding on oral health program of higher ranking public officials in health center, manpower expansion, reduction of other tasks than oral health program and volunteer source expansion. Budget insufficiency and manpower insufficiency in Metropolis were ranked higher than other area (p<0.05). The group not to discuss oral health hub center graded each reason not to be implemented significantly higher than the other group (p<0.05). We suggested that to promote the importance of public oral health program be needed to public and higher ranking public officials to implement oral health hub center. In addition, we insisted that more dental manpower and budget be needed for reduction of oral health inequity in metropolis.