• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.275-283
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• 2022

A study was designed to investigate the pattern of sexual dimorphism in a plantation of Garcinia kola. Twenty trees were randomly selected for the study and have been observed to flower regularly. A total of 100 inflorescence were randomly collected from the crown of each tree and 500 flowers randomly assessed within the period of four (4) flowering seasons. Floral sex assessment was done visually and with a hand magnifying lens; floral morphometric measurements (i.e. pedicel and perianth length and breadth), inflorescence length, and breadth) was taken using a veneer caliper; number of flowers per inflorescence and inflorescence per twig was counted; while, data analysis was conducted on excel using analysis of variance and pairwise t-test comparison. Four floral sexes were identified in the G. kola plantation studied which were unisexual male flowers, unisexual female flowers, cosexual unisexual male flowers, and cosexual hermaphrodite flowers. Three tree sexes were identified viz: inconstant male, invariant female, and cosexual trees. The plantation was significantly sexually dimorphic in floral sex and phenotypic traits (i.e. pedicel and perianth size), and as well as sexually dimorphic in tree sex and reproductive phenotypic traits (i.e. inflorescence size, number of inflorescences per twig, and number of flower bud per inflorescence). The sexual system of the plantation was therefore trioecious with features suggestive of evolving dioecy through the gynodioecious pathway.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제45권11호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 particle swarm optimization (PSO)을 사용하여 가장 낮은 SLL같을 갖거나 가장 좁은 빔폭을 가지는 비균일 급전, 비균등 간격의 선형 어레이를 설계하였다. 어레이 소자의 급전 크기와 급전 소자간의 간격을 조절하기 위해 변수로 지정하였다. 두 가지 변수를 동시에 무작위로 조절하여 빔패턴을 최적화하였다. 빔패턴의 널 포인트를 기준으로 나누어 각각의 사이드로브에 가중치를 부여함으로써 적합도 함수의 성능을 향상시켰고, 이를 이용하여 최적의 빔패턴을 얻을 수 있었다. 이 때, 가중치 값과 빔패턴을 나누는 각은 여러 번의 시도를 통해 얻을 수 있었다. SLL 뿐만 아니라 빔폭까지 고려하기 위해 fitness function에 추가적인 항목 ${\beta}{\times}BW$을 첨가하였다. 이로써, 가장 낮은 SLL값을 갖거나 가장 좁은 빔폭을 갖는 빔패턴을 갖는 어레이를 설계하였다. 10개의 어레이 소자를 이용하여 최적화 하였을 때, 전자는 -43dB의 SLL값과 $32.2^{\circ}$의 빔폭을 가졌고, 후자는 -26dB의 SLL값과 $24.2^{\circ}$의 빔폭을 가졌다.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 임의적으로 발생하는 폴리토프 불확실성과 외란을 고려한 시간지연시스템의 강인비약성 $H_{\infty}$ 제어기설계 알고리듬을 다룬다. 먼저 임의적으로 발생하는 불확실성과 외란을 가지는 시간지연시스템을 설계하고, Lyapunov 안정성 분석과 $H_{\infty}$ 성능지수를 기반으로 강인비약성 $H_{\infty}$ 제어기가 존재하기 위한 충분조건을 선형행렬부등식(LMI, linear matrix inequality)의 형태로 제시한다. 구한 충분조건은 변수치환과 슈어 여수(Schur complement) 정리를 바탕으로 파라미터의 함수를 포함한 파라미터화 선형행렬부등식(PLMI, parameterized linear matrix inequality)으로 표현할 수 있으므로 PLMI의 모든 해로부터 제어기이득과 비약성을 만족하는 제어기 섭동영역 및 $H_{\infty}$ 성능을 만족하는 노옴 한계치 ${\gamma}$를 한번에 구할 수 있다. 마지막으로 예제와 모의실험에서 제안한 강인비약성 $H_{\infty}$ 제어기가 임의적으로 발생하는 불확실성 및 외란, 시간지연이 있더라도 폐루프시스템을 안정화시키고 $H_{\infty}$ 성능을 보장함을 확인하고 확정적인 불확실성을 기반으로 설계한 제어기와 성능을 비교한다.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1995년도 한국생물과학협회 학술발표대회
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• pp.345.2-345
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• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.185-188
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• 1996

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs were employed to study the genetic variation and gene introgression in potato dihaploids (2n=24) which were generated after interspecific pollination of tetraploid cultivars (2n=4X=48, Solanum tuberosum cv Irish Cobbler, Superior and Dejima) by haploid inducer clones (2n=2X=24, Solanum phureja 1.22, Hes-5 and Hes-6). Genetic variation and DNA marker segregation among dihaploids were observed. Most dihaploids contain S. tuberosum specific RAPD markers but haploid inducer-specific RAPD markers were also found in some dihaploids. Of six different arbitrary 10-mer oligonucletide primers which showed polymorphism betwen tetraploid cultivars and haploid inducers used, three generated amplification products which seemed to be derived from the S. phureja parent. Our results indicate that chromosomes of dihaploids may not be pure S. tuberosum and the dihaploids may not be produced by parthenogenesis.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2003

Pseudomonas aerugionsa is a commonly isolated nosocomial pathogen. DNA fingerprinting of P. aerugionsa is examined by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). In this study, P. aeruginosa were isolated from environmental and clinical specimens and the molecular typing of the microorganisms was investigated by RAPD. Thirty strains of P. aeruginosa were selected from the strains isolated formerly and submitted for type identification to the University Hospital. 15 strains of P. aeruginosa were received from Chungnam University Hospital and 14 strains from Gyeongsang University Hospital. DNA of P. aeruginosa was extracted by Qiagen genomic DNA kit. PCR mixtures were set up and incubated, Reactions mixtures were made to be optimal for P. aeruginosa. RAPD typing analysis was carried out by the multivariate statistical program (MVSP) V3.0. RAPD type I was the most common pattern and included 23 strains. Most of strains from Gyeongsang University Hospital belonged to RAPD type lb and 15 strains from Chungnam University Hospital to RAPD type I or II. RAPD typing of P. aeruginosa isolated from the environmental and clinical specimens was very simple and reproducible.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.189-193
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• 2001

This paper analyses the tool switching problem in the dynamic environment, where parts to be processed on a flexible machine arrive randomly. As the total number of tools required to Process a set of parts on the machine is generally larger than the available magazine storage capacity, tool switches between parts are usually necessary. We assume that tool switching must be made just before the processing of the parts. Since the time required for tool switches can be significant relative to processing time and cause the processing of parts to be delayed, it is desirable to minimize the number of tool switches. Therefore, we present one heuristic algorithm to minimize the total number of tool switches and the t)reposed heuristic is compared with the KTNS (Keep Tool Needed Soonest) policy on randomly generated problems.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2008

The traveling salesman problem is to find tours through all cities at minimum cost ; simply visiting the cities only once that a salesman wants to visit. As such, the traveling salesman problem is a NP-complete problem ; an heuristic algorithm is preferred to an exact algorithm. In this paper, we suggest an effective cost relaxation using a candidate arc set which is obtained from a regression function for the traveling salesman problem. The proposed method sufficiently consider the characteristics of cost of arcs compared to existing methods that randomly choose the arcs for relaxation. For test beds, we used 31 instances over 100 cities existing from TSPLIB and randomly generated 100 instances from well-known instance generators. For almost every instances, the proposed method has found efficiently better solutions than the existing method.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회A
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• pp.1120-1125
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• 2007

Experimental study on the control of randomly disturbing system is conducted. External and internal disturbances are imposed to the system in combined manner. A vertical propeller system exposed horizontal weak turbulent air flow is chosen as an experimental model. The aim of the control system is to maintain the angular position of vertical propeller in parallel to air flow. Trajectory Tracking Stochastic Controller (TTSC) is designed to ensure system's stability while following system command. The Trajectory Tracking Stochastic Controller is composed of two controller, one is stochastic controller to suppress internal random noise and the other one is trajectory-tracking controller to follow the command having random noise. The proposed hybrid controller, TTSC, shows remarkable performance in pitch control of vertical propeller system in wind-tunnel test

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2002년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.333-336
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• 2002

Traditional methods of earth reinforcement consist of introducing strips, fabrics, or grids into an earth mass. Recently, discrete fibers are simply added and mixed with the soil, much the same as cement, lime or other additives. The advantages of randomly distributed fibers is the maintenance of strength isotropy, low decrease in post-peak shear strength and high stability at failure. In this study, new composite reinforcement structures which consist of geotextile and randomly distributed discrete fibers were examined their engineering properties, such as shear strength of the composite reinforced soil. The increments of shear strength of composite reinforced soils were the sum of increments by fiber and woven geotextile respectively.