• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.471-482
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• 2020

Objective: We aimed to determine the optimized image-based surrogate endpoints (IBSEs) in targeted therapies for glioblastoma through a systematic review and meta-analysis of phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Materials and Methods: A systematic search of OVID-MEDLINE and EMBASE for phase III RCTs on glioblastoma was performed in December 2017. Data on overall survival (OS) and IBSEs, including progression-free survival (PFS), 6-month PFS (6moPFS), 12-month PFS (12moPFS), median PFS, and objective response rate (ORR) were extracted. Weighted linear regression analysis for the hazard ratio for OS and the hazard ratios or odds ratios for IBSEs was performed. The associations between IBSEs and OS were evaluated. Subgroup analyses according to disease stage (newly diagnosed glioblastoma versus recurrent glioblastoma), types of test treatment, and types of response assessment criteria were performed. Results: Twenty-three phase III RCTs published between 2000 and 2017, including 8387 patients, met the inclusion criteria. OS showed strong correlations with PFS (standardized β coefficient [R] = 0.719), 6moPFS (R = 0.647), and 12moPFS (R = 0.638). OS showed no correlations with median PFS and ORR. In subgroup analysis according to types of therapies, PFS showed the highest correlations with OS in targeted therapies for cell cycle pathways (R = 0.913) and growth factor receptors and their downstream pathways (R = 0.962). 12moPFS showed the highest correlation with OS in antiangiogenic therapy (R = 0.821). The response assessment in neuro-oncology criteria provided higher correlation coefficients between OS and IBSEs than the Macdonald criteria. Conclusion: Overall, PFS is an optimized IBSE in targeted therapies for glioblastoma; however, 12moPFS is optimal in antiangiogenic therapy.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.215-219
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• 1991

제3기의 진행성 비소세포 폐암에서의 MVP항암 요법과 다분할 방사선 치료의 효과를 판정하기 위하여 1991년 1월부터 전향성 임의선택 연구(prospective randomized study)를 시작하였다. 본 연구는 제III기의 비소세포 폐암중 절제가 불가능한 환자를 대상으로 하여 MVP 항암요법(Mitomycin C 6mg/$m^2$, Vinblastine 6 mg/$m^2$, Cisplatin 60 mg/$m^2$)을 3회 시행한 후 다분할 방사선치료 (120 cGy/ft BID)를 6500 cGy까지 조사하였다. 방사선치료가 끝난 1개월 후 관해정도를 확인하여 추가 항암요법을 시행하는 군과 계속 관찰하는 군으로 임의 분류하였다. 1991년 8월까지 18명의 환자가 등록 되었으며 이중 2명은 2cycle의 항암요법 후 치료를 포기하여 16명의 환자에 대한 분석을 시행하였다. MVP항암요법에 대한 관해율은 $62.5\%$로 $50\%$에서는 부분관해 $12.5\%$에서는 minimal response를 보였다. 항암요법에 부분관해를 보인 3명중 1명에서는 방사선 치료후 완전관해를 보였으며 항암요법으로 병이 진행된 6명의 환자중 4명에서는 방사선 치료후에도 역시 병이 진행되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 모든 환자는 다분할 방사선 치료를 잘 견뎠으나 한 환자가 방사선 치료 한달 후 항암요법과 관련된 부작용으로 사망하였다. 아직 추적관찰 기간이 짧고 대상 환자가 많지 않다는 문제점은 있으나 본 연구를 계속 진행함으로써 유의한 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.179-193
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• 1991

이 논문에서는 1960년대에 S. Warner에 의해 제시되었던 다양한 PR 기법을 소개하고 그 것들에 대한 최우추정량을 검토하였다. 이 논문의 주요 주제 중 하나는 Warner 모형, 무관질문 모형, 다앙응담모형을 선형모형으로 표현하는 것이다. 또 다른 주제는 PR 모형의 추론을 연구함에 있어서 베이지안 접근 방법을 이용하여 고찰하는 것이다.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.143-152
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 응답자가 민감한 속성을 가지고 있지 않으면 직접 "예"라고 응답하고, 민감한 속성을 가지고 있으면 Greenberg et al.(1969)의 무관질문모형의 확률장치를 이용하여 선택된 질문에 응답을 하는 새로운 무관확률화응답모형을 제안하였다. 그리고, 제안한 모형이 Mangat(1994)의 관련질문모형보다 효율적인 되는 조건을 제시하였고, 수치적으로 효율성을 비교하였다. 또한, Leysieffer와 Warner(1976)의 위험함수와 Flinger et al.(1977)의 사생활 보호 측도를 이용하여 제안한 모형이 Mangat의 관련질문모형에 비하여 개인의 사생활을 보호해 주는 측면에서 더 효율적임을 보였다.효율적임을 보였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.693-704
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a relaxing music was effective in reducing stress response of patients admitted to a coronary care unit with the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Method: The research design was the chosen convenience sample of a randomized control group pre-posttest quasi-experimental design. Forty patients, 20 for an experimental group and another 20 for control group. The study was to provide the patients three different kinds of relaxing music. The experimental group listened to relaxing music for a 20-minute one time a day for 3days. The control group was just provided with a 20-minute period of rest. Test for hypothesis was done by repeated measured ANOV A. Result: The experimental group which received relaxing music showed a significantly lower level of electrodermal response, myocardial oxygen consumption and respiration rate, and a higher level of peripheral skin temperature than the control group. The experimental group which received relaxing music showed a significant reduction in state anxiety than the control group. Conclusion: The results showed that relaxing music is an effective nursing intervention for reducing physiologic and psychologic stress response of the patients with acute myocardial infarction in a critical intensive care unit.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9763-9766
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• 2014

Background: This systemic analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an ifosfamide-containing regimen in treating patients with osteosarcoma. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of Ifosfamide-containing regimen on response and safety for patients with osteosarcoma were identified by using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rate (RR) of treatment were calculated. Results: When ifosfamide-containing regimens were evaluated, 4 clinical studies which including 134 patients with osteosarcoma were considered eligible for inclusion. Systemic analysis suggested that, in all patients, pooled RR was 44.8% (60/134) in ifosfamide-containing regimens. Major adverse effects were neutropenia, leukopenia, and fatigue inIfosfamide-containing regimens; No treatment related death occurred in cantharidin combined regimens. Conclusion: This systemic analysis suggests that ifosfamide-containing regimens are associated with good response rate and acceptable toxicity in treating patients with osteosarcoma, but this result should be confirmed by randomized clinical trials.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10977-10979
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• 2015

Background: This systematic analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cantharidin combined with chemotherapy in treating Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of cantharidin combined with chemotherapy on response and safety for Chinese patients with colorectal cancer were identified using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rate (RR) of treatment were calculated.Results: When cantharidin combined with chemotherapy, 4 clinical studies which included 155 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were considered eligible for inclusion. The systematic analysis suggested that, in all patients, pooled RR was 46.5% (72/155) in cantharidin combined regimens. Major adverse effects were neutropenia, leukopenia, fatigue, and anemia with cantharidin combined treatment; no treatment related deaths occurred. Conclusion: This systematic analysis suggests that cantharidin combined regimens are associated with high response rate and accepted toxicity in treating Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer suggesting that randomized clinical trials are now warranted.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.141-147
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• 1994

범죄의 성향이나 도박, 마약 복용 실태 등과 같은 사회적으로나 개인적으로 매우 민감한 문제에 대한 조사에서 세대별 또는 계층별로 상당히 차이가 나는 경우에 단순임의 추출법에 의한 Warner의 확률화 응답 기법보다 효율적인 층화 임의 추출법에 의한 층화 확률화 응답 기법을 제시하고 그 효율성을 증명하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.1496-1501
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• 2002

A $2{\times}3$ factorial arrangement of treatments was used in a completely randomized design to determine the effects of dietary Zn on performance and immune response of acutely endotoxemic growing pigs (n=96, mean BW=24.9 kg). Factors included 1) intramuscular injection of $10{\mu}g/kg$ BW of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or control and 2) supplemental Zn at 10, 50, or 150 ppm. Diets were fed beginning after weaning (initial body weight=7.6 kg) in the nursery and continued for 16 d into the grower phase. The basal corn-soybean meal grower diet contained 1% lysine and 34.3 ppm Zn. Pigs were acclimated for 12 d in the growerfinishing facility before LPS treatment on d 13. Gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency were unaffected by dietary Zn. Feed intake decreased (p<0.10) and gain/feed was greater (p<0.10) from d 13 to d 16 for pigs injected with LPS. Serum Zn and alkaline phosphatase activity increased (p<0.05) with increasing Zn levels. The febrile response to LPS peaked at 6 h post exposure and pigs were afebrile within 12 h. Rectal temperature was greater (p<0.05) in pigs receiving 50 and 150 ppm Zn than in pigs supplemented with 10 ppm Zn. In vivo cellular immune response, measured on d 13 by skin thickness response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), was greater after 6 h (p<0.05) in pigs fed 10 ppm Zn and exposed to LPS compared to all other treatments, but was not affected at 12, 24 or 48 h. Zinc did not affect mitogen induced lymphocyte proliferation. Zinc supplemented at 50 or 150 ppm resulted in an enhanced febrile response in pigs subjected to iatrogenic endotoxemia, but did not affect pig performance or immune response measurements.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제82권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2019

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis can result in anatomical sequelae, and cause airflow limitation. However, there are no treatment guidelines for patients with a tuberculosis-destroyed lung. Recently, indacaterol effectiveness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with Tuberculosis history (INFINITY) study revealed indacaterol provided bronchodilation and symptom improvement in COPD patients with a tuberculosis-destroyed lung. Methods: We conducted a post-hoc subgroup analysis of the randomized controlled trial, the INFINITY study, to determine factors associated with indacaterol response in a tuberculosis-destroyed lung with airflow limitation. Data from 68 patients treated with inhaled indacaterol, were extracted and analyzed. Factors associated with the response of forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$) to indacaterol treatment, were determined using linear regression analysis. Results: Of 62 patients included, 68% were male, and 52% had history of cigarette smoking. Patients revealed mean $FEV_1$ of 50.5% of predicted value with mean improvement of 81.3 mL in $FEV_1$ after indacaterol treatment for 8 weeks. Linear regression analysis revealed factors associated with response of $FEV_1$ to indacaterol included a short duration of smoking history, and high short-acting bronchodilator response. When patients with history of smoking were excluded, factors associated with response of $FEV_1$ to indacaterol included high short-acting bronchodilator response, and poor health-related quality of life score as measured by St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD. Conclusion: In a tuberculosis-destroyed lung with airflow limitation, short-acting bronchodilator response and smoking history can play a critical role in predicting outcomes of indacaterol treatment.