• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.1130-1135
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• 2003

The need to increase the reliability of a structural system has been significantly brought in the procedure of real designs to consider, for instance, the material properties or geometric dimensions that reveal a random or incompletely known nature. Reliability based design optimization of a real system now becomes an emerging technique to achieve reliability, robustness and safety of these problems. Finite element analysis program and the reliability analysis program are necessary to evaluate the responses and the probabilities of failure of the system, respectively. Moreover, integration of these programs is required during the procedure of reliability based design optimization. It is well known that reliability based design optimization can often have so many local minima that it cannot converge to the specified probability of failure. To overcome this problem, barrier function method in reliability based design optimization is suggested. To illustrate the proposed formulation, reliability based design optimization of a bracket is performed. AMV and FORM are employed for reliability analysis and their optimization results are compared based on the accuracy and efficiency.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examined the effects of the weight-bearing pattern and calcaneal taping on the heel width and plantar pressure in standing. Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects with normal feet participated in this study. The heel width was measured using a digital caliper, and a pedoscan was used to measure the plantar pressure of the rear foot while standing. The participants were instructed to stand in three weight-bearing patterns (anterior, middle, and posterior weight bearing) before and after calcaneal taping. The heel width and plantar pressure were measured three times before and three times after calcaneal taping, with the three weight-bearing patterns applied in random order. A 2 (non-taping vs. taping) × 3 (anterior, middle, posterior weight bearing) two-way repeated ANOVA with a Bonferroni post hoc correction was used to assess the differences in heel width and plantar pressure. Results: The results revealed a significant main effect of the weight-bearing pattern (p<.01), but not of calcaneal taping (p>.05). Greater weight bearing applied to the heel resulted in a significantly increased heel width and planter pressure of the rear foot (p<.01). Conclusion: In standing, a posterior weight-bearing pattern increases the heel width due to side-to-side shifting of the plantar heel pad, which increases the heel plantar pressure. Therefore, to prevent high stress on the heel pad and plantar heel pain, it is important to refrain from posterior weight bearing while standing during the activities of daily living.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2002

This study was carried out to measure the 3D-distance of a cow model teat for an application possibility on Robotic Milking System(RMS). A teat recognition algorithm was made to find 3D-distance of the model by using Gonzalrez's theory. Some of the results are as follows. 1 . In the distance measurement experiment on the test board, as the measured length, and the length between the center of image surface and the measured image point became longer, their error values increased. 2. The model teat was installed and measured the error value at the random position. The error value of X and Y coordinates was less than 5㎜, and that of Z coordinates was less than 20㎜. The error value increased as the distance of camera's increased. 3. The equation for distance information acquirement was satisfied with obtaining accurate distance that was necessary for a milking robot to trace teats, A teat recognition algorithm was recognized well four model cow teats. It's processing time was about 1 second. It appeared that a teat recognition algorithm could be used to determine the 3D-distance of the cow teat to develop a RMS.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3799-3803
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• 2015

Background: The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Breast (FACT-B) scale is widely used to measure health-related quality of life in cancer patients. The aim of the present study is to validate the FACT-B in a sample of Iranian women with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 300 women selected through non-random convenient sampling procedure from oncology hospitals and clinics in Kermanshah and Shiraz cities. They were asked to fill in the Persian versions of the FACT-B scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life EORTC QLQ30. Confirmatory factorial analysis of the methods, concurrent validity and discriminant, and Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency were applied. Results: Internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha was 0.63 to 0.93 for the subscales and 0.92 for the total scale. Significant correlations between FACT-B and other measures indicate that this scale had concurrent and discriminant validity. The values of fit indices were satisfactory. Conclusions: The Persian version of the FACT-B scale is valid and reliable and, therefore, the scale can be used in research and clinical settings to assess health-related quality of life in Iranian patients with breast cancer.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.75.1-75.1
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• 2010

The nature and origin of the intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) are an outstanding problem of cosmology, yet they are not well understood. Measuring Faraday rotation (RM) is one of a few promising methods to explore the IGMF. We have theoretically investigated RM using a model of the IGMF based on a MHD turbulence dynamo (Ryu et al. 2008; Cho et al. 2009). In the previous KAS meeting, we reported the results for the present-day local universe; for instance, the probability distribution function (PDF) of ${\mid}RM{\mid}$ follows the lognormal distribution, the root mean square (rms) value for filaments is ~1 rad m^{-2}, and the power spectrum peaks at ~1 h^{-1} Mpc scale. In this talk, we extend our study of RM; by stacking simulation data up to redshift z=5 and taking account of the redshift distribution of radio sources, we have reproduced an observable view of RM through filaments against background radio sources. Our findings are as follows. The inducement of RM is a random walk process, so that the rms of RM increases with increasing path length. The rms value of RM for filaments reaches several rad m^{-2}. The PDF still follows the lognormal distribution, and the power spectrum of RM peaks at less than degree scale. Our predictions of RM could be tested, for instance, with LOFAR, ASKAP, MEERKAT, and SKA.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.185-197
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze the difference between eye movements according to science achievement of elementary school students in observation situation. Science achievement was based on the results of national achievement test conducted in 2012, a random sampling of classes. As an assessment tool to check observation test, two observation measure problems from TSPS (Test of Science Process Skill; developed in 1994) suitable for eye tracking system are adopted. The subjects of this study were twenty students of sixth grade who agreed to participate in the research. SMI (SensoMotoric Instruments)' iView $X^{TM}$ RED was used to collect eye movement data and Experiment 3.1 and BeGaze 3.1 program were used to plan and analyze experiment. As a result, eye movements in observation test varied greatly in fixation duration, frequency, saccade, saccade velocity and eye blink according to students' science achievement. Based on the result of eye movements analysis, heuristic search eye movement was discussed as an alternative to improve underachievers' science achievement.

• 한국농촌간호학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2007

Purpose: This study focused on the health conditions and satisfaction in day-to-day life of elders using welfare facilities where there is no charge, and thus provides basic data for development of quality services required for health enhancement and a variety of demands from these elders. Method: The participants in the study were 140 elders selected at random from facilities for elders in Taegu. The tools for the study were the Korean Health Status Measure for the Elderly (Shin, H. C., 2002), and Yoon's "Criteria of Older Adults Life Satisfaction"(1982). Results: Differences in life satisfaction were found according to general characteristics of the elders, and that a lack of caretaker professionalism and relationships with other elders, but not the program were scored lower. In the correlation between health status and life satisfaction, it was found that emotional, social function and physical pain showed correlations with life satisfaction. Conclusion: It is necessary for the enhancement of health status of these elders and improvement in life satisfaction that a variety of nursing interventions be implemented.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.92-99
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• 2001

1999년 10월에 수행한 한국 동해 중북부 해역의 토모그래피 실험은 저주파수음원을 블라디보스톡 부근의 대륙붕 해역에 위치시켰고 수직선배열 수신기를 울릉도 부근에 고정시켜 원거리 음향 신호의 변화특성을 파악코저하였다. 음원은 위상 변조된 신호이며 울릉도 부근해역의 수직선배열 수신기를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 수신된 자료에 대해 도달시간 및 그 변화를 파악하였다. 이를 위해 위상 변조된 신호를 복조하였으며 특성을 파악하기 위해 도달시간 확산 및 상관성 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 단주기성 변화가 존재하고 있으며 이는 내부파에 의한 매질의 수직 변동에 의한 영향이라 할 수 있다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.316-324
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to develop a ratio scale to measure job satisfaction of nurses and health workers in health centers. Of the 224 health centers in Korea, 105 were drawn as the sample using disproportion리 stratified random sampling. The data collection period was from May 1 to June 30, 1990 and 771 nurses and health workers working at 75 health centers participated. Subjects were instructed to rate, according to the level of satisfaction, from one to four points, 42 items revised from the tool made by Stamps et. al. (1978). The internal consistency reliability of the tool was measured by Cronbach $\alpha$ and the corrected item-total correlation coefficient. As a result of the item analysis, one item was excluded since the item had negative correlation with total items. As a result of factor analysis on the 41 items with varimax or above. Labeling and numbering of 6 factors were as follows ; factor 1 (8 items) ; Professional status of job. factor 2 (6 items) ; Interaction. factor 3 (8 items) ; Autonomy. factor 4 (8 items) ; Administration. factor 5 (7 items) ; Pay. factor 6 (4 items) ; Job(Task). Further studies are needed to identify the relationship between this tool and the effectiveness of the health center and more research is needed for generalization.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제49권8호
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• pp.442-450
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• 2000

Active noise control is an approach to noise reduction in which a secondary noise source that destructively interferes with the unwanted noise. In general, active noise control systems rely on multiple sensors to measure the unwanted noise field and the effect of the cancellation. This paper develops an approach that utilizes a single sensor. The noise field is modeled as a stochastic process, and a time-adaptive algorithm is used to adaptively estimate the parameters of the process. Based on these parameter estimates, a canceling signal is generated. Opppenheim model assumed that transfer function characteristics from the canceling source to the error sensor is only propagation delay. But this paper proposes a modified Oppenheim model by considering transfer characteristics of acoustic device and noise path. This transfer characteristics is adaptively cancelled by adaptive model. This is proved by computer simulation with artifically generated random noise and sine wave noise. The details of the proposed architecture, and theoretical simulation and experimental results of the noise cancellation system for three dimension enclosure are presented in the paper.