• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38A권7호
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• pp.552-559
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• 2013

이 논문에서는 송신 상관된 레일리 페이딩 채널에서 프리코더를 갖는 다중 입출력 안테나 시스템이 고려된다. 특히 최소평균제곱오차 수신기를 적용한 다중 입출력 안테나 시스템을 대상으로 한다. 임의 행렬 이론에 기초하여, 신호 대 간섭 및 잡음비의 확률 밀도 함수를 유도하기 위한 정확하고 일반화된 식을 유도한다. 그리하여 적은 수의 송신 및 수신 안테나에 대하여 정확한 폐쇄형 신호 대 간섭 및 잡음비의 확률 밀도 함수 식을 제안한다. 또한, 신호 대 간섭 및 잡음비의 확률 밀도 함수 식에 기초하여 폐쇄형 심볼 오류율 근사식을 제안한다. 제안하는 심볼오류율 분석결과는 오류 확률을 정확하게 예측하거나, 시스템 디자인을 위한 유용한 툴로서 사용될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.493-501
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• 2016

In-network storage is an effective technique for avoiding network congestion and reducing power consumption in continuous data collection in wireless sensor networks. In recent years, network coding based storage design has been proposed as a means to achieving ubiquitous access that permits any query to be satisfied by a few random (nearby) storage nodes. To maintain data consistency in continuous data collection applications, the readings of a sensor over time must be sent to the same set of storage nodes. In this paper, we present an efficient approach to updating data at storage nodes to maintain data consistency at the storage nodes without decoding out the old data and re-encoding with new data. We studied a transmission strategy that identifies a set of storage nodes for each source sensor that minimizes the transmission cost and achieves ubiquitous access by transmitting sparsely using the sparse matrix theory. We demonstrate that the problem of minimizing the cost of transmission with coding is NP-hard. We present an approximation algorithm based on regarding every storage node with memory size B as B tiny nodes that can store only one packet. We analyzed the approximation ratio of the proposed approximation solution, and compared the performance of the proposed coding approach with other coding schemes presented in the literature. The simulation results confirm that significant performance improvement can be achieved with the proposed transmission strategy.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2020

Purpose - This study empirically investigates whether the risk property included in fat-tails of return distributions is systematic or unsystematic based on the devised statistical methods. Design/methodology/approach - This study devised empirical designs based on two traditional methods: principal component analysis (PCA) and the testing method of portfolio diversification effect. The fatness of the tails in return distributions is quantitatively measured by statistical probability. Findings - According to the results, the risk property in the fat-tails of return distributions has the economic meanings of eigenvalues having a value greater than 1 through PCA, and also systematic risk that cannot be removed through portfolio diversification. In other words, the fat-tails of return distributions have the properties of the common factors, which may explain the changes of stock returns. Meanwhile, the fatness of the tails in the portfolio return distributions shows the asymmetric relationship of common factors on the tails of return distributions. The negative tail in the portfolio return distribution has a much closer relation with the property of common factors, compared to the positive tail. Research implications or Originality - This empirical evidence may complement the existing studies related to tail risk which is utilized in pricing models as a common factor.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.73-91
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• 2024

This paper has focused on presenting vibration analysis of trapezoidal sandwich plates with a damaged core and FG wavy CNT-reinforced face sheets. A damage model is introduced to provide an analytical description of an irreversible rheological process that causes the decay of the mechanical properties, in terms of engineering constants. An isotropic damage is considered for the core of the sandwich structure. The classical theory concerning the mechanical efficiency of a matrix embedding finite length fibers has been modified by introducing the tube-to-tube random contact, which explicitly accounts for the progressive reduction of the tubes' effective aspect ratio as the filler content increases. The First-order shear deformation theory of plate is utilized to establish governing partial differential equations and boundary conditions for the trapezoidal plate. The governing equations together with related boundary conditions are discretized using a mapping-generalized differential quadrature (GDQ) method in spatial domain. Then natural frequencies of the trapezoidal sandwich plates are obtained using GDQ method. Validity of the current study is evaluated by comparing its numerical results with those available in the literature. After demonstrating the convergence and accuracy of the method, different parametric studies for laminated trapezoidal structure including carbon nanotubes waviness (0≤w≤1), CNT aspect ratio (0≤AR≤4000), face sheet to core thickness ratio (0.1 ≤ ${\frac{h_f}{h_c}}$ ≤ 0.5), trapezoidal side angles (30° ≤ α, β ≤ 90°) and damaged parameter (0 ≤ D < 1) are carried out. It is explicated that the damaged core and weight fraction, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) waviness and CNT aspect ratio can significantly affect the vibrational behavior of the sandwich structure. Results show that by increasing the values of waviness index (w), normalized natural frequency of the structure decreases, and the straight CNT (w=0) gives the highest frequency. For an overall comprehension on vibration of laminated trapezoidal plates, some selected vibration mode shapes were graphically represented in this study.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38A권12호
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• pp.1102-1109
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• 2013

블라인드 간섭 정렬 (Blind Interference Alignment: BIA) 기법은 기지국과 사용자 간의 채널 상태 정보(Channel State Information: CSI)가 부재한 상황에서도 최대의 다중화 (Degrees of Freedom: DoF) 이득을 얻을 수 있는 전송 방식이다. 하지만 BIA 기법은 다중화 이득의 극대화를 통해 높은 신호 대 잡음비 영역에서는 좋은 합 전송률 성능을 나타내는 반면, 신호 대 잡음비가 낮은 영역에서는 성능이 크게 열화되는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 BIA 기법이 갖는 단점을 극복하기 위하여, BIA 기법과 수신 모드 선택 기법 기반의 단일 사용자 SISO 전송 기법을 신호 대 잡음비에 따라 적응적으로 사용하는 이중 전송 기법을 제안한다. 먼저, 각 전송 기법의 평균 합 전송률의 닫힌 형태를 유도하며, 이를 기반으로 신호 대 잡음비에 따라 각 사용자의 전송 기법을 선택하는 저 복잡도 알고리즘을 제안한다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.997-1004
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• 2015

이 논문에서는 MISO 하향 능동 안테나 시스템에서 수직 분할 기법을 연구하였다. 능동 안테나 시스템에서는 각 섹터에서 안테나 빔 패턴을 조절 가능 할 뿐만 아니라 복수의 수직 안테나 빔을 통해 수직 섹터분할도 가능하다. 수직 섹터 분할을 위한 최적 빔 기울기를 구하기 위해 기존의 전역 탐색 기법은 매우 높은 계산 복잡도를 요구하기 때문에 이 논문에서는 이러한 계산 복잡도를 낮추기 위해 두 가지 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 먼저 불규칙 행렬이론에서의 광범위 시스템 근사치를 이용하여 근사 전송률 합에 기반을 둔 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 또한, 기존의 하나의 섹터 전송 기법에서의 결과를 이용한 폐쇄 형태 표현을 가진 알고리즘도 제안하였다. 실험결과를 통해 제안된 알고리즘들이 기존의 전역 탐색 알고리즘에 비해 복잡도를 매우 감소시킴에도 불구하고 거의 비슷한 성능을 가짐을 확인하였다.

• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.272-275
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• 2014

An improved fuzzy Kalman filtering speed estimation scheme was proposed by means of measuring stator side voltage and current value based on vector control state equation of induction motor. The designed fuzzy adaptive controller conducted recursive online correction of measurement noise covariance matrix by monitoring the ratio of theory residuals and actual residuals to make it approach real noise level gradually, allowing the filter to perform optimal estimation to improve estimation accuracy of EKF. Meanwhile, co-simulation scheme based on MATLAB and Ansoft was proposed in order to improve simulation accuracy. Field-circuit coupling problems of induction motor under the action of vector control were solved and the parameter optimization accuracy was improved dramatically. The simulation and experimental results show that this algorithm has a strong ability to inhibit the random measurement noise. It is able to estimate motor speed accurately, and has superior static and dynamic characteristics.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2018

Understanding the classification of malocclusion is a crucial issue in Orthodontics. It can also help us to diagnose, treat, and understand malocclusion to establish a standard for definite class of patients. Principal component analysis (PCA) and k-means algorithms have been emerging as data analytic methods for cephalometric measurements, due to their intuitive concepts and application potentials. This study analyzed the macro- and meso-scale classification structure and feature basis vectors of 1020 (415 male, 605 female; mean age, 25 years) orthodontic patients using statistical preprocessing, PCA, random matrix theory (RMT) and k-means algorithms. RMT results show that 7 principal components (PCs) are significant standard in the extraction of features. Using k-means algorithms, 3 and 6 clusters were identified and the axes of PC1~3 were determined to be significant for patient classification. Macro-scale classification denotes skeletal Class I, II, III and PC1 means anteroposterior discrepancy of the maxilla and mandible and mandibular position. PC2 and PC3 means vertical pattern and maxillary position respectively; they played significant roles in the meso-scale classification. In conclusion, the typical patient profile (TPP) of each class showed that the data-based classification corresponds with the clinical classification of orthodontic patients. This data-based study can provide insight into the development of new diagnostic classifications.