• 환경생물
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.110-113
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• 2009

In recent years, there has been a rapid global decline in amphibian populations, and infectious diseases have been associated with this decline. Diseased Gold-spotted pond frogs (Rana plancyi chosenica) were collected from a frog farm in Korea and identified using morphological and molecular analysis to identify the disease. The typical symptoms of ranaviral infection were observed in the tadpoles and adults frogs. The nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the sequences showed the closest similarity with sequences to Frog virus 3, which belongs to the genus Ranavirus.

• 환경생물
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2007

본 연구는 금개구리(Rana plancyi chosenica)유생의 성장에 효율적인 먹이를 개발하기 위하여, 서로 다른 네가지 형의 먹이를 공급하고 그에 따른 성장을 비교한 것이다. 금개구리 유생에게 식물성 먹이를 공급한 군과 식물성과 동물성 배합 먹이를 공급한 실험군이 습지에서 수거한 유기물과 식물성 먹이 만을 공급한 대조군보다 더 빠른 성장을 보였다. 나아가, 식물성과 동물성 먹이를 혼합하여 공급한 먹이군이 순수하게 식물성 먹이 만을 공급한 실험군보다 더 높은 성장을 보였다. 식물성먹이에 동물성 먹이로서 열대어 사료를 혼합하여 공급한 실험군의 유생들이 대조군이나, 식물성 먹이 실험군, 식물성에 뱀장어 사료를 혼합하여 공급한 실험군 모두에 비하여 빠른 시간 안에 변태에 이르렀다. 이러한 결과는 식물성 먹이와 동물성 먹이를 적절하게 배합한 먹이가 금개구리 유생의 빠른 성장과 변태에 가장 효율적이라는 것을 나타낸다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.357-361
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• 2007

To determine the feeding sites preferred by adult gold-spotted pond frogs, Rana plancyi chosenica, and the foods that induce favorable growth of the frogs in the laboratory, we conducted two separate experiments between 27 May and 12 July 2007 in a vivarium. In the first experiment, we counted the number of crickets eaten by four gold-spotted pond frogs in a 60 min period at four different feeding sites within the experimental arenas: on the water surface, at the edge of a pond, and at two terrestrial sites. Adult gold-spotted pond frogs ate more crickets on the water surface and at the edge of the pond than the terrestrial sites. In the second experiment, we measured the growth of SVL (snout-vent length) and body mass of adult gold-spotted pond frogs fed crickets, mealworms, maggots, or earthworms in individual experimental boxes over a one month period. The SVL and body mass of the adult gold-spotted pond frogs fed crickets, mealworms, or maggots were greater than those of the frogs that were fed earthworms. These results indicate that providing crickets, mealworms, or maggots on the water or at the edge of a pond should induce favorable growth of captive-reared adult gold-spotted pond frogs.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.263-272
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• 1980

개구리 2種 (Rana nigromaculata와 Rana plancyi chosenica)과 도룡뇽 (Hynobius leechii)의 胚發生에 EK른 lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)와 malate dehydrogenase (MDH)의 isozyme 組成變化를 polyacrylamide 電氣泳動法으로 조사 분석하고 이를 成體의 몇 器官과 비교하였다. R. nigromaculata에서 LDH의 B subunit의 合成을 지배하는 유전자는 heterozygous이고 H. leechii에서는 A subunit의 合成을 지배하는 유전자가 heterozygousfk고 추정된다. 위의 3種의 兩棲類\ulcorner 胚에서 發生初期에는 LDH-1 (심장형)의 活性이 높으나 發生이 진행됨에 따라 LDH-5 (근육형)의 活性도 점차 증가된다. MDH의 경우 發生初期부터 MDH-m과 MDH-s가 존재하고 발생 全段階를 통하여 그 組成에는 변화가 없으나 MDH-m의 活性이 점차 증가하는 경향을 보인다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2008

The Gold-spotted pond frog, Rana plancyi chosenica, designated as a vulnerable species by IUCN Red list. This species is a typical example facing local population threats and extinction due to human activities in South Korea. A strategic conservation plan for this endangered species is urgently needed. In order to provide information for future conservation planning, accurate information on the genetic diversity and taxonomic status is needed for the establishment of conservation units for this species. In this study, we used a molecular genetic approach using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and control region sequences to find the genetic diversity of gold-spotted pond frogs within South Korea. We sequenced the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene and control region of 77 individuals from 11 populations in South Korea, and one from Chongqing, China. A total of 15 cytochrome b gene haplotypes and 34 control region haplotypes were identified from Korean gold-spotted pond frogs. Mean sequence diversity among Korean gold-spotted pond frogs was 0.31% (0.0-0.8%) and 0.51% (0.0-1.0%), respectively. Most Korean populations had at least one unique haplotype for each locus. The Taean, Ansan and Cheongwon populations had no haplotypes shared with other populations. There was a sequence divergence between Korean and Chinese gold-spotted pond frogs (1.3% for cyt b; 2.9% for control region). Analysis of genetic distances and phylogenetic trees based on both cytochrome b and control region sequences indicate that the Korean gold-spotted pond frog are genetically differentiated from those in China.

• 환경생물
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.20-30
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• 2009

환경부지정 멸종위기 II급 종인 금개구리 (Rana plancyi chosenica)의 번식생태를 연구하기 위하여 충북 청원군 장내면에 위치하는 묵논형 습지에 있는 금개구리 개체군을 2007년 4월부터 2008년 11월까지 총 207일에 걸쳐서, 모음담장과 주머니함정을 설치하여 모니터링을 실시하였다. 금개구리들은 봄철 4월 20일부터 6월 13일 사이에 번식지로 이동하였으며, 가을철 동면지 이동은 9월 21일부터 11월 16일 사이에 일어났다. 서식지 내 외로의 이동은 2007년과 가을 이동과 2008년 봄 이동 시 공히 강수와 높은 양의 상관을 보였지만, 기온, 수온, 상대 습도와는 유의미한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 금개구리들은 이동 시 주로 논의 언덕이나 묵논과 연결된 이동경로를 다른 경로보다 선호하여 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 번식지 내 외로의 이동순서와 개체의 신체 요소와는 2007년 봄에는 번식지 내 외로의 이동순서와 개체의 몸길이(snout-vent length)와 양의 상관을 보였으며, 이동순서와 몸무게와는 2008년 봄을 제외한 모든 경우에 양의 상관을 보여, 작은 개체들이 먼저 출현하고 먼저 동면지로 이주하는 경향을 보였다. 금개구리 암컷은 수컷에 비하여 유의미하게 큰 것으로 확인되었으며, 가을철 동면지 이주 시 20mm SVL 크기 이하의 작은 개체들의 수가 2007년, 2008년 공히 소폭 증가하여, 개체군 내에 성공적인 번식이 일어나고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과는 금개구리 야외 개체군을 보존하는 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2009

We investigated colonization and extinction patterns in a meta population of the gold-spotted pond frog (Rana planeyi ehoseniea) near the Korea National University of Education, Chungbuk, Korea, by surveying the frogs in the nine occupied habitat patches in the study area four times per breeding season for three years (2006$\sim$2008) and recording whether the patches were occupied by frogs as well as how many frogs were calling in the patches. We then developed five a priori year-specific models using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). The models predicted that: 1) probabilities of colonization and local extinction of the frogs were better explained by year-dependent models than by constant models, 2) there are high local extinction and low colonization probabilities, 3) approximately 31% number of patches will be occupied at equilibrium, and 4) that considerable variation in occupation rate should occur over a 30-year period, due to demographic stochasticity (in our model, the occupation rate ranged from 0.222 to 0.889). Our results suggest that colonization is important in this metapopulation system, which is governed by mainly stochastic components, and that more constructive conservation effects are needed to increase local colonization rates.

• Mycobiology
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.10-12
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• 2008

In recent years, there has been a rapid decrease in amphibian populations worldwide, and infectious diseases have been associated with this decline. Diseased frogs inhabiting Korea were collected from fields, and the diseases were identified by morphological and molecular analyses. Two fungal diseases-saprolegniasis and chromomycosis-were detected in the frogs. Saprolegniasis caused by Saprolegnia spp. was found in Rana plancyi chosenica from Gangwon-do and Rana huanrenensis from Chungbuk. Chromomycosis, which is caused by infection with Cladosporium cladosporioides, was detected in Rana catesbeiana from Busan.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2017

This study set out to identify problems with amphibian habitation by the wetland types and improve their habitation environment in urban forest wetlands, thus creating a habitat for amphibians. Study site include forest swamps in Jatjul Park as well as Yeoji neighborhood Park in Guro-gu, and in Choansan neighborhood Park in Dobong-gu. The forest swamp in Jatjul Park gets its water from Mt. Maebong and it is a former escalated farmland-turned wetland. The swamp area is $2,500m^2$, a forest zone and a landscape planting site are 83.27% and 6.70% each. Target species Seoul pond frogs are inseparable from rice fields because they live in a short radius of and lay eggs in or near paddy fields, and Rana nigromaculata have similarities with Rana plancyi chosenica in choosing their habitats. There was need for paths that would lead to other paths so amphibians would spread to other parts of the forest and for measures to secure open water. Modifying a variety of routes for water, human and animals along with building a buffer to keep the core habitation zones were required. The forest swamp in Yeonji neighborhood Park used to be a water reservoir on the foot of Mt. Gunji. The swamp area is $1,980m^2$, a forest zone and farmland account for 80.61% and 4.88% each. Non-point pollutants from upstream along run into the subject forest marsh, bare ground on the around swamp and steep stone embankments obstructed amphibians. Target species was Bufo gargarizans that live in forests and edges of hills and spawn in deep water. The forest swamp in Choansan neighborhood Park gets its water from Mt. Choan and it is close to its water source that it is a mountain stream forest wetland. The basin and the swamp are $35,240m^2$ and $250m^2$ in size respectively. A forest zone accounts for 90.20%, high stone embankments laid in refurbishing the valley obstruct amphibians and there is water shortage in times of droughts. Target species were Rana coreana, Rana dybowskii and Hynobius leechii that live in mountain valleys, streams and wetlands and lay eggs in forest marshes and rocks in valleys. Looking into the three swamps of amphibian habitation, I came to conclusions that those wetlands were suitable for their amphibians but man-made facilities blocked their corridors leading to other corridors and even killed off target species in some parts of those swamps by destroying those parts. Amphibians live in water, on ground and underground at different stages of life. Hence, we should take this fact into consideration when planning their habitats and design core habitation zones, buffers zone and use zones accordingly. Buffer zones ought to be between core habitation zones and surrounding trees. Aiming at protecting core habitation zones, buffers should be in harmony with habitation zones. Use zones should be minimized in size and not in direct contact with core habitation zones.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2015

Ecological reservoir is a multifunctional space where provides the functions of retention, animal habitat and improvement of ecosystem health and landscape. The ecological reservoir of Anteo Eco Park located in Gwangmyeong-si has established to functions for water purification, maintenance of healthy aquatic ecosystem. Because the Anteo Eco Park is located in the site where nonpoint pollutant materials flow in, Anteo Eco Park has potential factors which aquatic ecosystem health deteriorates and damages the habitat of golden frog(Rana plancyi chosenica) which is restoration target species. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to suggest the plan to manage the variables which impede the right functions of aquatic ecosystem by understanding the causal loop diagram for the change of water quality environment and the interaction of predator-prey through system thinking. The results are as follows. First, the study showed that the individual number of golden frog which is an indicator species of Anteo Eco Park is threatened by snakeheaded fish, which is an upper predator. Therefore, balanced food chain should be hold to protect golden frog by capturing the snakeheaded fish which is individual number's density is high, and the monitoring management of the individual number for predator(snakeheaded fish)-prey(golden frog) should be performed. Second, the study represented that water pollution and carnification is caused by the sediment as the dead body of the large emergent vegetation in the winter cumulates as sediment. Ecological reservoir in Anteo Eco Park has been managed by eliminating the dead body of the large emergent vegetation, but the guideline for the proper density maintenance of vegetation community is additionally needed. Lastly, the study showed that aquatic ecosystem of Anteo Eco Park where is contaminated from the inflow of nonpoint pollutants affects the individual number's decline of golden frog and snakeheaded fish. Accordingly, the creation of a buffer area and a substitution wetland is needed in the periphery of the Anteo Eco Park to control the inflow of nonpoint pollutants including organic matters, nutrients and heavy metals. This study will be helpful that Anteo Eco Park improves the regional landscape and maintain healthy aquatic ecosystem space for the park visitors including local residents.