• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2010

Purpose : To exam the effects of active ankle range of motion(ROM) exercise on sciatic nerve movement and provide the evidence that use it to patients with hypomobile sciatic nerve as a nerve mobilization technique. Methods : The subjects consist of 32 asymptomatic healthy adults(male; 15, female; 17) who have limited passive straight leg raising(PSLR) ranges below 70 degrees. First, examiner measures PSLR angles at three times. Then, subject was instructed perform the active ankle ROM exercise(dorsiflexion and plantarflextion) at limited angle. After each subject completed the active ankle ROM exercise, return the starting position and examiner measures the PSLR angles at three times again. Results : First, PSLR range was no significant differences between dominant and non-dominant leg(p >.05). Second, active ankle ROM exercise significantly increased PSLR range by mean of degrees(p <.05). Third, there was no learning effects among the measurement trials(p >.05). Conclusion : These data show that active ankle ROM exercise can mobilize the sciatic nerve. Therefore, it can be applied to patients with hypomobile sciatic nerve(sliding dysfunction) as a neural mobilization technique.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제68권1호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2018

The low rate of penetration and short lifetime of drilling bit served as the most common problems encountered in hard formation drilling, thus leading to severe restriction of drilling efficiency in oil and gas reservoir. This study developed a new local impact drilling method to enhance hard formation drilling efficiency. The limitation length formulas of radial/lateral cracks under static indentation and dynamic impact are derived based on the experimental research of Marshall D.B considering the mud column pressure and confining pressure. The local impact rock breaking simulation model is conducted to investigate its ROP raising effect. The results demonstrate that the length of radial/lateral cracks will increase as the decrease of mud pressure and confining pressure, and the local impact can result in a damage zone round the impact crater which helps the rock cutting, thus leading to the ROP increase. The numerical results also demonstrate the advantages of local impact method for raising ROP and the vibration reduction of bit in hard formation drilling. This study has shown that the local impact method can help raising the ROP and vibration reduction of bit, and it may be applied in drilling engineering.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 1974

The effect of saponin on the sodium plus potassium activated ATPase activity was studied in the rabbit red cell ghosts and the experiments were also designed to determine the mechanism of action of saponin on the APTase activity. The following results were observed. 1. The ATPase activity of rabbit red cell ghosts is inhibited by low concentration of saponin but increased by high concentration. The activating effect of saponin on the $Na^{+}-K^{+}-ATPase$ activity is inhibited by ouabain but the stimulation of the $Mg^{++}-ATPase$ by high concentration of saponin is not inhibited by ouabain. 2. The activity ratio of $Na^{+}-K^{+}-ATPase$ by high concentration of saponin is decreased by raising the potassium concentration, and is increased by raising the sodium concentration. 3. The ATPase activity is increased by small amounts of calcium but inhibited by larger amounts. The activity ratio of the enzyme by saponin is decreased by raising the calcium concertration 4. The action on the ATPase activity was not related to the amino group of lysine, the hydroxyl group of threonine, the imidazole group of histidine, or the carboxyl group of aspartic acid. 5. The action of saponin on the ATPase activity is due to sulfhydryl group of the enzyme of $Na^{+}-K^{+}-ATPase$.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.313-334
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• 2005

이 연구는 출생률의 감소와 대학정원의 증가로 인한 대학간의 치열한 학생확보 경쟁과 전문화되고 질적인 성장을 추구해야 하는 대학의 현실에서 예견되는 대학도서관의 재정적 어려움을 타개하기 위한 방안을 모색하기 위한 것이다. 우리나라와 미국의 대학발전기금과 대학도서관발전기금의 모집 실태와 방법과 모집 내역, University at Albany University of Kentucky, University of Cornell 등 미국대학의 실제 기금 모집 사례를 소개하고 캘리포니아주립대학 23개 캠퍼스의 기금모집 내용에 대한 평가내용을 소개하여, 향후 대학도 서관의 현안으로 등장할 기금모집의 토대를 마련하고자 한다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.48-52
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• 1988

2-phenethyl p-bromobenzenesulfonate와 치환피리딘과의 반응속도를 아세토니트릴 용매 중에서 $1{\sim}2,000bars$ 및 $45{\sim}55${\circ}C$에서 전기전도도법으로 측정하였다. 반응속도는 온도와 압력이 증가함에 따라서 증가하였으며 또한 피리딘에 전자주게 치환기가 도입됨에 따라 반응속도가 증가하였다. 압력이 증가함에 따라 Hammett $I{\rho}I$값과 Bronsted ${\beta}$값이 증가하였으며 등온속도는 점차 감소하였다. 이러한 결과들은 본 반응이 압력의 증가에 따라 SN2성이 증가함을 나타내었다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.270-274
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the abdominal muscles and to compare the activity ratios of the bilateral rectus abdominis (RA) to oblique abdominal muscles during shoulder abduction in opposite directions with single leg raising (SLR) performed in the supine position on a foam roller. Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects were recruited to the study. Each subject lay on the foam roller and performed left single leg raising with right or left shoulder $90^{\circ}$ abduction (Abd); performed in a random order. Surface EMG recordings of selected abdominal muscles (i.e., the RA, external oblique abdominis [EO], internal oblique abdominis [IO], and transverse abdominis [TrA]) were normalized to maximum voluntary isometric contraction. EO/RA and IO and TrA/RA ratios were determined with surface EMG. Data were analyzed by Independent t-test. The statistical significance level was p<0.05. Results: The results were as follows: (1) the right RA, left EO, and right IO and TrA muscle activities increased significantly at the left SLR with left Abd compared to the left SLR with right Abd (p<0.05); and (2) the ratio of right EO/RA activity increased significantly at the left SLR with right Abd compared to left Abd (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that left SLR with left Abd on a foam roller is an appropriate exercise for activation of specific oblique abdominal muscles.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.73-77
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• 2015

The latissimus dorsi flap is popular due to the versatile nature of its applications. When used as a pedicled flap it provides a robust solution when soft tissue coverage is required following breast, thoracic and head and neck surgery. Its utilization as a free flap is extensive due to the muscle's size, constant anatomy, large caliber of the pedicle and the fact it can be used for functional muscle transfers. In facial palsy it provides the surgeon with a long neurovascular pedicle that is invaluable in situations where commonly used facial vessels are not available, in congenital cases or where previous free functional muscle transfers have been attempted, or patients where a one-stage procedure is indicated and a long nerve is required to reach the contra-lateral side. Although some facial palsy surgeons use the trans-axillary approach, an operative guide of raising the flap by this method has not been provided. A clear guide of raising the flap with the patient in the supine position is described in detail and offers the benefits of reducing the risk of potential brachial plexus injury and allows two surgical teams to work synchronously to reduce operative time.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of different methods of pelvic control on abdominal muscle activity and lumbopelvic rotation angle during active straight leg raising (ASLR) in patients with chronic back pain. Methods: The study participants were patients with low back pain (n = 30). They were instructed to perform ASLR with pelvic control, ASLR with pelvic belt, and ASLR only. Surface electromyography data were collected from the ipsilateral rectus femoris (IRF), ipsilateral internal oblique (IIO), contralateral external oblique (CEO), and ipsilateral rectus abdominal (IRA) muscles, and lumbopelvic rotation angle was measured using a motion analysis device. Results: Activation of all abdominal muscles was greater in the ASLR with pelvic control group than in the ASLR with pelvic belt and ASLR groups. The lumbopelvic rotation angle was lower in the ASLR with pelvic control group than in the other two groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that ALSR with pelvic control is an effective means of increasing abdominal muscle activity and reducing unwanted lumbopelvic rotation in patients with chronic low back pain. Controlling the pelvis using the opposite leg is an effective form of ASLR exercise for patients with chronic low back pain.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2009

The examples of developing a building site after the Woongjin period are mainly found in temple sites, tile-roofed building sites of unidentified features, and palace remains including the pavilion site with the river in the front(임류각지) inside the Castle of Gongsan, Gongjoo. In case of the Hanseong period, a glimpase of the features has gained in Poongnab mud castle and Mongchon mud castle, but the excavated relics are not yet enough to make some date out of them. After the Woongjin period of Baejae, the earth-ramming development method was used mostly to construct a building site, which is divided into horizontal and slant raising of the ground level. Both are used simultaneously, but there are the significant differences in the way of raising the ground level between them. Particularly, in case of the Wanggoong-ri relics in Iksan, the ground level was raised in a narrow line slantly, which is differentiated from other slant raising of the ground level, and its time of construction also is after that of others. In addition, the board-building development method used for narrow space is usually found in the remains since the seventh century. However, there are not enough the relics of Baekjae to reveal the whole aspect of building site development. It should be studied later through the subsequent excavation and research.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1997

The purposes of this study were to compare the electromyographic activities from the rectus femoris, vastus medialis oblique portion, vastus medialis longitudinal portion, and vastus lateralis during straight leg raising (SLR) and quadriceps setting (QS) exercise and to determine which exercise is more effective to selectively strengthen the vastus medialis. Thirty two healthy subjects <19 men, 13 women) participated in the study. All participants performed SLR and QS exercises while electromyographic activity was recorded from EMG surface electrodes. Statistical analysis demonstrated significantly greater values for the vastus medialis oblique portion, vastus medialis longitudinal portion, and vastus lateralis activities during QS exercise than for those during SLR exercise. However, the rectus femoris muscle activity between SLR and QS exercises was not significantly different. The ratios of vastus lateralis to vastus medialis during SLR and QS exercise were not significantly different. These results show that QS exercise is more effective for strengthening the quadriceps muscle on the whole than the SLR exercise. As for selective methods of strengthening vastus medialis specifically, both SLR and QS exercises are useful.