• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.689-699
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• 2018

The changes on community structures of benthic macroinvertebrates, relevance to the environment and interrelationship between benthos were studied over two years in stream with large environmental disturbance, which caused by localized heavy rain during Typhoon Chaba in October 2016. As a result, the number of species and individuals were increased after localized heavy rain, especially numbers of individuals of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera were greatly increased. On the contrary, those of Semisulcospira libertina and Semisulcospira forticosta of Mesogastropoda were greatly decreased. Dominant species was Baetis fuscatus of Ephemeroptera, numbers of species and individuals of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera(EPT group) were dramatically increased from 26 species, 110 individuals to 32 species, 365 individuals respectively. This suggests that the change of river bed and flow velocity due to heavy rain provided a suitable environment for the EPT group that preferred the rift of a stream. In the functional feeding group, only gathering collectors and filtering collectors were identified in autumn of 2017 because some functional groups preferentially adapted to the changed environment. The interspecific competition and environmental condition were the worst in autumn after heavy rain due to the increase individuals of some species. The ecological score of benthic macroinvertebrate community(ESB) was higher after the heavy rain than before. Results of the Group Pollution Index(GPI), Korean Saprobic Index(KSI) and Benthic Macroinvertebrate Index(BMI) were similar to those before and after heavy rainfall. Therefore, ESB was the most discriminating method for estimating the biological water quality in this study. Some species that are sensitive to water quality changes still appear or increase individuals in the area under investigation after the heavy rain. On the other hand, the individuals of some pollutant species decreased. This is thought to be because the habitat fluctuation caused by heavy rainfall has improved the water environment.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.69-79
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• 2011

This study assessed the subsurface runoff and peak flow reduction in rain gardens. The results showed that the highest water retention was found in rain garden mesocosms in which Rhododendron lateritium and Zoysia japonica were planted, followed by mesocosms in which either R. lateritium or Z. japonica was planted, and the lowest water retention rate was found in non-vegetated control treatment mesocosms(${\alpha}$ < 0.05). Although higher rainfall intensity caused a decrease of peak flow reduction in both vegetated and non-vegetated treatments, peak flow reduction was the greatest in mesocosms with mixed plants. A rain garden can be an effective tool for environment-friendly stormwater management and improving ecological functions in urban areas. Depending on the purpose such as delaying runoff or increasing infiltration, various plant types should be considered for rain garden designing.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2002년도 학술발표회 논문집(II)
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• pp.1161-1166
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• 2002

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.393-404
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• 2022

위성에서 보다 미세한 공간 분해능으로 신뢰할 수 있는 지상 강우 관측은 도시 수문학적 및 미시적 농업 수요에 필수적이다. 전통적으로 "톱다운" 접근 방식 기반 위성 강우 산출물이 널리 사용되고 있지만 공간 분해능에 한계가 있다. 본 연구는 C-밴드 SAR Sentinel-1 위성 데이터(SM2RAIN-S1)에 적용되는 매개 변수화된 SM2RAIN 모델인 강우 추정을 위한 새로운 "상향식" 접근 방식의 가능성을 평가하여 중부지방에 대한 높은 공간 분해능 지상 강우 추정치(0.01° 그리드/6일)를 생성하는 것을 목표로 한다. 그것의 성능은 중부지방 두 개의 다른 하위 지역, 즉 혼합 산림 중심, 중간 하위 지역, 그리고 경작 중심, 서해안 하위 지역의 1년 기간 동안 기존의 재분석 프로덕트와 우량계 네트워크의 각각의 강우 데이터를 사용하여 공간 및 시간적 가변성에 대해 평가되었다. 평가결과에 따르면 SM2RAIN-S1 프로덕트는 중부지방의 일반적인 강우 패턴을 포착할 수 있고, 서로 다른 토지 피복으로 지역 규모에서 공간 분해능 강우량 측정 가능성을 보유할 수 있으며, 강우량 관측치에 대한 편중된 강우량 추정치가 제공되었다. 또한 SM2RAIN-S1 강우량은 피어슨의 상관 계수(R = 0.69)를 고려할 때 혼합림에서 더 우수했으며, 이는 혼합림에서 토양 수분과 강우의 시간 역학을 포착하는 데 6일 SM2RAIN-S1 데이터의 적합성을 암시했다. 그러나, RMSE와 바이어스 측면에서, 혼합림보다는 경작지의 SM2RAIN-S1 강우 생성물에서 더 나은 성능을 얻었으며, 이는 높은 증발증산 손실(특히 혼합림)에 의해 유도된 더 큰 오류를 SM2RAIN의 추가 개선에 포함해야 한다는 것을 나타낸다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.643-646
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• 2006

An operational calibration is applied to improve radar rainfall intensity using rainfall obtained from rain gauge. The method is applied under the assumption of the temporal continuity of rainfall, the rainfall intensity from rain gauge is linearly related to that from radar. The method is applied to the cases of typhoon and rain band using the reflectivity of CAPPI at 1.5km obtained from Jindo radar. The CAPPI is obtained by bilinear interpolation. For the two cases, the rainfall intensities obtained by operational calibration are very consistent with the ones by the rain gauges. The present study shows that the correlation between the rainfall intensity by operational calibration and rain gauges is better than the one between the rainfall intensity by M-P relationship and rain gauges. The correlation coefficients between the total rainfall intensity obtained by operational calibration and rain gauges in typhoon and rain band cases are 0.99 and 0.97, respectively. Areal rainfalls are estimated using the field of calibration factor interpolated by Barnes objective analysis. The method applied here shows an improvement in the areal rainfall estimation. For the cases of typhoon and rain band, the correlation between the areal rainfall by operational calibration and rain gauges is better than the one between the area rainfall by M-P relationship and rain gauges. The correlation coefficients between the areal rainfall obtained by operational calibration and rain gauges in typhoon and rain band cases are 0.97 and 0.84, respectively. The present study suggests that the operational calibration is very useful for the real-time estimation of rainfall intensity and areal rainfall.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.669-677
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• 2018

Torrential rain and drought are repeated due to the increase in the unpredictable fluctuating of rainfall patterns. It is time for stabilize water resource management in terms of disaster prevention. Distributed control from sources is needed to minimize damages caused by torrential rains and droughts. Rain barrel can be used to reduce the runoff as they collect and store rainwater. In response to this situation, Seoul Metropolitan Government and other local governments implemented a project to support the installation of rain barrel and provided 90% of the cost of installing it in private areas. However, with limited budget, it is difficult to distribute rainwater to the city which is mostly covered by private areas. In this study, Samho-dong, Ulsan, where pilot projects of water cycle leading city are underway, analyzed the effects of reducing the runoff with respect to the amount of rainwater that can be used, and analyzed the economics of recoverable investment cost when installed. From the analysis, it was established that it is possible to show sufficient efficiency with a small capacity without the need to install large rain barrel effectively in the private sector, and to support the installation cost of less than 70 percent of the rainwater can be recovered.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.415-425
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 준분포형 장기유출 모형인 SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)을 적용하는 경우 유출 결과의 정도를 확보하기 위한 강우계 밀도 및 소유역의 규모를 파악하였다. 다차원 강우모형인 WGR모형(Waymire 등, 1984)에 의하여 모의 발생된 강우를 SWAT모형을 통하여 유출해석한 후 다양한 소유역 규모 및 강우계 밀도에 대해 유출 오차를 분석하는 방법을 사용하였으며, 연구결과 대상유역인 용담댐 유역의 경우 적정 소유역의 평균면적 및 강우계 1개가 대표하는 면적의 적정규모는 모두 $80km^2$로 파악되었다.

• 휴양 및 경관연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

Recently, growing emphasis has been placed on the installation of rain gardens. However, previous rain garden studies have mainly focused on physicochemical effects such as rainfall runoff management and water quality improvement. Therefore, this study aims to investigate general perceptions of rain gardens and landscape aesthetics among rain garden visitors. To achieve this goal, a survey of 100 rain garden visitors was conducted, gathering information about their general perceptions of rain gardens and landscape aesthetics at three pre-selected rain garden locations. Results showed that rain garden recognition was limited to 34% of the respondents, indicating that most people were not aware of rain gardens and were unable to notice differences between rain gardens and traditional gardens. However, stronger support for rain gardens was observed among those who were aware of the concept, those who recognized that rain garden planting types are differentiated from traditional gardens, and those who rated positively the landscape aesthetic value of rain gardens. The main findings are expected to encourage further studies of quantitative indicators by conducting a correlation analysis between aesthetics and functionality of rain gardens.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.329-329
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• 2022

Accurate characterization of terrestrial precipitation variation from high spatial resolution satellite sensors is beneficial for urban hydrology and microscale agriculture modeling, as well as natural disasters (e.g., urban flooding) early warning. However, the widely-used top-down approach for precipitation retrieval from microwave satellites is limited in several hydrological and agricultural applications due to their coarse spatial resolution. In this research, we aim to apply a novel bottom-up method, the parameterized SM2RAIN, where precipitation can be estimated from soil moisture signals based on an inversion of water balance model, to generate high spatial resolution terrestrial precipitation estimates at 0.01º grid (roughly 1-km) from the C-band SAR Sentinel-1. This product was then tested against a common reanalysis-based precipitation data and a domestic rain gauge network from the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA) over central South Korea, since a clear difference between climatic types (coasts and mainlands) and land covers (croplands and mixed forests) was reported in this area. The results showed that seasonal precipitation variability strongly affected the SM2RAIN performances, and the product derived from separated parameters (rainy and non-rainy seasons) outperformed that estimated considering the entire year. In addition, the product retrieved over the mainland mixed forest region showed slightly superior performance compared to that over the coastal cropland region, suggesting that the 6-day time resolution of S1 data is suitable for capturing the stable precipitation pattern in mainland mixed forests rather than the highly variable precipitation pattern in coastal croplands. Future studies suggest comparing this product to the traditional top-down products, as well as evaluating their integration for enhancing high spatial resolution precipitation over entire South Korea.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2005

One of the major obstacles confronted in promoting the rainwater harvesting is the concerns of acid rain and heavy metals. Although there are many data concerning the quality of rainwater precipitation for the study of acid rain, the study on the quality of stored rainwater has been limited. In this study, we monitored the quality of stored rainwater at Galmoe middle school, where a rainwater harvesting system is installed and in use for more than two years. We measured water quality parameters such as pH, Electro Conductivity(EC), Dissolved Oxygen(DO), and some metals (aluminium (Al), chromium(Cr), manganese(Mn), zinc(Zn), copper(Cu), arsenic(As), cadmium(Cd), lead(Pb)). The monitoring period was during one year from September 9th 2003 to August 5th 2004. It was observed that the average pH of stored rainwater is neutral. DO is similar to tap water and EC is lower than tap water. Metal Concentrations are within the concentration specified in Drinking Water Quality Standard. Overall, the stored rainwater quality is good enough for sundry use and there's no threat of acid rain and air pollution, if the rainwater harvesting system is well designed and maintained.