• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.745-752
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• 2012

Diesel engines are most suitable for biodiesel fuel because diesel fuel has a higher cetane number compared to gasoline and diesel engines have no spark ignition system; hence, engine conversion is easy and cost effective. For these reasons, in this study, the spray behavior characteristics of vegetable palm oil were analyzed by using a common-rail injection system of a commercial diesel engine, and the results were compared with those obtained for the diesel fuel. The injection pressures and blend ratios of palm oil and diesel fuel (BD3, BD5, BD20, BD30, BD50, and BD100) were the main parameters. The experiments were conducted for different injection pressures-500 bar, 1000 bar, 1500 bar, and 1600 bar-by setting the injection duration at $500{\mu}s$. We determined there is no significant difference in the macro characteristics of the spray behavior (spray penetration and spray angle) in response to any change in the blend ratio of palm oil and diesel fuel at a fixed injection pressure. In particular, all experiments showed a spray angle of approximately $15^{\circ}$.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.47-62
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• 2006

More than 70% of Korean Peninsula is consisted of mountains, so that lots of roads, rail-roads and tunnel,which play a pivotal role in the industry activity, are existed along the rock-slope and in the rock-mass. Thus,it is urgent that tegration of management system through the optimum survey and design of rock-slope excavation, proper stabilization method and database of rock-slope. However, conventional methods have shortcoming with the economy of survey time and human resources, and the overcome of difficulties of approach to the in-situ rock-slope. To overcome the limitation of conventional method, this paper proposed the development of remote measurement system using Terrestrial Laser Scanning System. The method using Terrestrial 3D Laser Scanning System, which can get 3D spatial information on the rock-slope and2)Dept. Geosystem Engineering, Kangwon National University, Korea tunnel, has an advantage of reduction of measurement time and the overcome of difficulties of approach to the in-situ rock-slope/dam/tunnel. In the case of rock-slope, through the analysis of 3D modeling of point-cloud by Terrestrial Laser Scanning System, orientation of discontinuity, roughness of joint surface, failure shape and volume were successively achieved. in the case of tunnel face, through reverse-engineering, monitoring of displacement was possible.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.143-148
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• 2004

The automatic operating system was designed and built to work manless multipurpose in greenhouse. The system proved to be a reliable system for performing multipurpose functions. Its development involved the integration of moving part, height control part, watering part, ventilation part and inhalation part. The moving part was able to be moved it on the rail installed in greenhouse, the height control part controled it up and down by height of the crops, the watering part sprinkled a agricultural medicines on the crops and the ventilation and the inhalation part ventilated and inhaled different thing and vermin which were attached on crops. Based on the results of this study the following conclusions were made: The moving velocity was changed 0.047 - 0.027 m/s by the dial transfer. The velocity within 50 cm from center of the entrance was 0.2 m/s. The watering volume of spray increased as the pressure of spray was high. The difference of spray pressure between 10 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and 15 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ was 60 ml, but that of spray pressure between 15 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and 20 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ was 20 ml. The average speed of a current of inhalation was 3.64 m/s and the inhalation flux of inhalation was measured 0.044 ㎥/s by using glues seed and styrofoam.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.471-480
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• 2020

Although the domestic industrial accidents have been decreased gradually, deaths in the construction sites have been occupied 49.9 percent of the total industry and deaths from fall accident have been accounted for 59.7 percent of the construction industry. In order to prevent fall accident, various safety activities and policy have been carried out. However, the impact on the domestic construction industry was inadequate. On the other hand, in advanced countries, such as the United States, Japan, EU, and Singapore Industrial accidents have been lower than domestic industry due to safety activities, the regulations and policies appropriate for each country's situation. In this study, we compare the major points of the Industrial Safety and Health Act in developed countries with those in South Korea to reduce the number of falls, and propose a revision. As a result of conducting research, three revisions have been proposed as 1) Enhance standards for fall height, 2) Improvement of upper safety rail height on guardrail, 3) Revision and research on Horizontal Sarety bar attachment system. This study will be utilized as a basic study for the analysis of cases in advanced countries.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2016

In this study, it can be shortened tunnel construction work period by introducing a single-shell tunnel does not placing the secondary concrete lining, a global research trend, reduction of the cost of the lining placement and number of benefits that can ensure the safety of long-term tunnel with a single shell it was to study the tunnel method. First, we analyze the design and construction practices relating to delete lining of the domestic design and construction practices and a comprehensive analysis of the stability study found a rock in good condition interval (1~3 grades), we propose that the lining uninstalled. In the case of domestic changes on the ground floor is very heavy underfoot conditions many so tunneling method by single shell as ground conditions are good and one preferred the water points that apply in less soil, the soil health and poor sections (4~5 grades) reflecting with respect to the concrete lining that is expected reasonable.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.262-270
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• 2018

Purpose: This paper investigates and analyzes the loss and damage ratio of maintenance monitoring sensor in metropolitan and high speed railroad tunnel in Korea and abroad. Method: After 5~6 years from the installation, the maintenance monitoring sensor on metropolitan transit tunnels showed the loss and damage ratio from 14.2% to 14.8% in Seoul metro line no. 5, 6, 7, 9, and 13.9% in UK channel tunnel. Based on the result, 15% is thought to be a proper set for the elapsed years, which is 5 years from the installation. Results: The maintenance monitoring sensor on high speed railroad tunnels showed the loss and damage ratio of 60.9% in Ho-Nam high speed railroad on 1 stage after 3 ~ 5 years from the installation, which was approximately 4 times as high as that of Seoul metro line no. 5, 6, 7, 9. Conclusion: Kyung-Bu high speed railroad on 2 stage, after 8~10 years from the installation, showed the loss and damage ratio of 66.8%. Based on the result, it can be inferred that the loss and damage ratio increases drastically after 5~10 years from the installation. Therefore, it is necessary to study on the loss and damage ratio of long term elapsed years, especially more than 10 years from the installation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.516-521
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• 2016

In this study, we investigated the operation of railroad fire fighting vehicles against fires on trains in a long railway tunnel. In recent years, long railway tunnels (more than 10 km in length) have been built and the number of such tunnels, such as the Geumjeong tunnel (20.3 km in length) on the Gyeongbu high speed line, Solan tunnel (16.7 km in length) on the Yeongdong line and Yulhyeon tunnel (50.3 km in length) on the Suseo high speed line which is scheduled to be opened in the second half of 2016, is increasing. Significant damage is to be expected, due to the increased evacuation time and limited accessibility of fire services when the train is stopped by an urgent fire in the tunnel. Special fire fighting vehicles capable of running on rails have been developed and operated in overseas advanced countries. Therefore, a fire-response system using Unimog vehicles, which can run on road and rail, instead of road vehicles, is necessary. The characteristics of the railway tunnel and thermal environmental change caused by a train fire in a tunnel were analyzed in this study. Also, the operational requirements of the railroad fire fighting vehicles were evaluated by taking into account the specifications of the railroad fire fighting vehicles under development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2006.06b
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• pp.265-271
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• 2006

According to globalization of world economy by extension of production, sales and distribution all around the world and international transportation system changed into a transport system that puts great importance on speediness and value-added services, international transport system is changing into a Multimodal Transport Routing centered system that systematically connects marine, air and rail transports. Due to such changes production, sales and distribution must be provided in time and Multimodal Transport Routing, which can provide multi-dimensional logistics services to customers of global network, is needed but information connection for international transport and connection system between transport modes are insufficient and can not be activated. Especially in Korea, selection standard of 3rd party logistics companies and transport companies is presented, but logistics exclusive companies, which plan and execute the transportation, can't present a systematic evaluation standard for international Multimodal Transport Routing, selection. Thus, this research surveys important previous studies about Multimodal Transport Routing, selection, derives an evaluation standard for Multimodal Transport Routing, selection through interview with company officials, and presents a theoretical basis for Multimodal Transport Routing, selection through systematic analysis of Multimodal Transport Routing, selection using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1900-1906
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• 2008

According as zone of life of big city is expanded by new city development etc.., need special skill master plan compensation which can be systematic for wide area traffic problem solution and confusion expense minimization in the metropolitan area because wide area of capital region traffic is gone continuously and continues. Accordingly, Kyonggi Province suggested rapid-transit railway achievement that can connect Seoul Gangnam in 20 minutes with Dongtan new city recently. MLTM(Ministry of Land Transport and Maritime Affaris) announced "Capital region railway network improvement plan research services (2007.12)" result that Gangnam High-speed railway route (Suse $\sim$ Dongtan $\sim$ Pyeongtaek) construction for offer High-speed railway service to capital region and Kyonggi southern part area inhabitantses and need to line capacity tribe solution by Seoul-Busan high-speed railway second-stage and Honam high speed railroad completion. Is judged that need examination about wide area rapid-transit railway combined application operation that take advantage of rail track reserve capacity of High-speed railway for utilization efficiency elevation of country and efficient investment of national finance according as High-speed railway and Gangnam rapid-transit railway route that is suggested in Kyonggi Province are overlaped. Therefore, in this research, I wish to quote investment efficiency plan of railroad business by that different kind's train is run in uniformity track by presenting combined application operation plan and working expenses curtailment effect etc. that is optimized through analysis of roadbed and E & M technology condition, intermediate station plan, train operation planning etc. in case of wide area rapid-transit railway and high-speed railway run combined application.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.733-746
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted for the purpose of selecting important events from among various events that may pose a risk to railway passengers. For this purpose, opinions of various railroad vehicle passengers and railway operator workers were investigated and analyzed. Method: The survey was conducted on 1,000 men and women in their 20s and 60s and 429 workers at 11 company across the country. A survey was conducted on the dangerous situations that may occur in subways, general railroads and high-speed rail vehicles targeting passengers. For railway operator workers, the questionnaire is limited to subway vehicles. Result: Among the passenger risk factors(abnormal behavior and dangerous situations) selected based on the frequency and importance of occurrence of passenger risk factors, the main risk factors are selected 'car door jamming', 'sexual harassment', 'intoxicating behavior', 'fighting' /assault', 'wandering around', and 'not wearing a mask'. Conclusion: The major risk factors affecting passengers were selected by surveying passengers and railway operators. we plan to develop a CCTV detection system with AI technology that can quickly and continuously detect the major risk factors of railway vehicles selected as a result of this study.