• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.20 no.6 s.73
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• pp.114-122
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• 2006

The most important thing in the container terminal is to handle the cargo effectively in a limited time. To achieve this objective, many strategies have been introduced and applied. If we consider the automated container terminal, it is necessary that the cargo handling equipment is equipped with more intelligent control systems. From the middle of the 1990s, an automated rail-mounted gantry crane (RMGC) and rubber-tired gantry crane (RTG) have been developed and widely used to handle containers in the yards. Recently, in these cranes, equipment like CCD cameras and sensors have been mounted to cope with the automated terminal environment. In this paper, we try to support the development of more intelligent automated cranes that make the cargo handling be performed effectively in the yards. For this plant, we ought to consider modeling, tracking control, anti-sway system design, skew motion suppressionand complicated motion control and suppressing problems. In this paper, the system modeling and a tracking control approach are discussed, based on a two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) servo-system design. From the simulation results, the good control performance of the designed control system is evaluated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.485-488
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• 2006

The most important thing in the container terminal is to handle the cargo effectively in the limited time. To achieve this object, many strategies have been introduced and applied to. If we consider the automated container terminal, it is necessary that the cargo handling equipments are equipped with more intelligent control systems. From the middle of the 1990's, an automated rail-mounted gantry crane(RMGC) and rubber-tired gantry crane(RTG) have been developed and widely used to handle containers in the yards. Recently, in these cranes, the many equipments like CCD cameras and sensors are mounted to cope with the automated terminal environment. In this paper, we try to support the development of more intelligent automated cranes which make the cargo handling be performed effectively in the yards. For this plant, the modelling, tracking control, anti-sway system design, skew motion suppressing and complicated motion control and suppressing problems must be considered. In this paper, the system modelling and a tracking control approach are discussed based on two-degree-of-freedom (2DOF) servosystem design.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2007

The most important thing in the container terminal is to handle the cargo effectively in the limited time. To achieve this object, many strategies have been introduced and applied to. If we consider the automated container terminal, it is necessary that the cargo handling equipments are equipped with more intelligent control systems. From the middle of the 1990's, an automated rail-mounted gantry crane(RMGC) and rubber-tired gantry crane(RTG) have been developed and widely used to handle containers in the yards. Recently, in these cranes, the many equipments like CCD cameras and sensors are mounted to cope with the automated terminal environment. In this paper, we try to support the development of more intelligent automated cranes which make the cargo handling be performed effectively in the yards. For this plant, the modelling, tracking control, anti-sway system design, skew motion suppressing and complicated motion control and suppressing problems must be considered. In this paper, the system modelling and a tracking control approach are discussed. And, we design the tracking control system incorporating an observer based on the 2DOF servosystem design approach to obtain the informations of the states. The experiment results show the usefulness of the designed control system.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.29 no.8 s.104
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• pp.735-740
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• 2005

In this paper, we designed a wedge type rail-clamp which can protect container crane from sudden wind blast with constant clamping force regardless of the operating period. When we design wedge type rail clamp, it is important to determine an angle of wedge which prevent rotating of jaw and for smooth operation when wind blows. Therefore, this paper suggest a process to decide an angle of wedge within proper range obtained by experimental analysis as well as FEA of the wedge type rail clamp. A model with $6^{\circ}$ wedge angle is the most proper model to use in rail clamp bemuse it generated satisfactory clamping force and rotating angle underdesign specification.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1691-1707
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• 2009

These days, environment has became more and more important global issues including Climate Change Convention which 40 developed countries have to decrease CO2 emission by 5.2% compared with 1990 emission. Rail transport in Korea are becoming more important as a solution for environment and energy owing to high energy consumption country. Rail transport is environment-friendly mode compared with truck mode (energy consumption 14.2 times, CO2 emission 13.4 times), but it has door-to-door problem and "DMT transport system for rail logistics" can be a solution for this problem and this system can lead to environment-friendly transport mode by rail. This study will review the background of worldwide and Korean DMT system, customers' needs, and analyze transport cost with other transport mode. Through theses kinds of review and analysis, this study will propose DMT terminal, DMT rolling stock, and DMT operation system.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.175-181
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• 2010

The government have plans to improve the railway transport capacity and transport hub for the sustainable national transport and logistics system. Specially, there are much efforts to improve transportation capacity such as high speed transportation of rail freight, enlargement of BT train, development of double stack train, etc. between railway transport hubs. If the transport capacity between railway logistics hubs is increased as planned, we must increase the handling capacity of railway hub terminals. But there are limits to enlarge the terminal infrastructure because of investment scale, location circumstances and urban development plans. To ensure the capacity, with the minimum required enlargement of infrastructure, it is necessary to extremely increase the efficiency of terminal operations. For improving the efficiency, we have to introduce the efficient terminal operation systems based on u-IT and operation optimize technologies. In this paper, we analyse the issues and problems of railway terminals(including ICD) and suggest the concept of intelligent railway terminal and the construction components of technology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.215-216
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• 2009

By growing the capacity of container in the world, main container terminal in countries introduces the automated container equipments and try to improve the productivity for handling the container. ARMC(Automated Rail Mounted Crane) is installed in automated container terminal and expected the high efficiency of productivity by using minimum-time control method. However recently by the GREEN Port policy, high energy efficiency method for container equipments is importance issue in ports. In this paper, the 3-dimensional modelling of AMRC is discussed and the acceleration characteristics for ARMC is analyzed By using the results of this paper, the advanced controller for the crane will be developed in future.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 2012

The newly designed sense amplifier in this paper has rail-to-rail input range achieving low power consumption. Reducing static power consumption generated due to DC path to ground is key element for low power consumption in this paper. The proposed sense amplifier performs power-saving operation using negative feedback circuit that controls the current flow with the newly added PMOS input terminal. As a simulation result, the proposed sense amplifier consumed about over 50 % efficiency of the average power consumed by the typical Rail-to-Rail sense amplifier.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.79-90
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• 2009

The main function of a container terminal is to load container freights into vessels and discharge them from vessels. The container terminal needs to utilize its resources effectively in order to improve the productivity of it. This study deals with the deployment model for yard cranes whose type is RMGC (rail mounted gantry crane). We develop a mathematical model for the deployment of yard cranes. The model considers not only the deployment but also the storage plans. It could be divided into two cases according to whether inter-block movements of yard cranes are allowed or not, during the same period Numerical examples are solved and analyzed to validate the model. Then, additional experiments are performed to compare the performance of the model with that of a previous model without the re-deployment of yard cranes.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2010

This paper aims to compare four operating priority rules of RMGC (Rail Mounted Gantry Crane) used in semi-automated container terminal. The four priority rules employed in this paper are FCFS (First-come-first-served), LCFS (Last-come-first-served), TOS (Turn-over-served) and NFS (Nearest-first-served). And to compare the four operating priority rules, this paper analyzed productivity of RMGC and CC (Container Crane), waiting time of YT (Yard Truck) and RT (Road Truck) in container yard, and turnaround time of RT in container terminal of each priority rule by using stevedoring simulation. As a result, NFS was evaluated as the best rule to improve the overall productivity of container terminal in terms of all criteria.