• Title/Summary/Keyword: Radiology science department

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Paradigm Shift in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Pre-Biopsy Prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Targeted Biopsy

  • Jung Jae Park;Chan Kyo Kim
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.625-637
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    • 2022
  • With regard to the indolent clinical characteristics of prostate cancer (PCa), the more selective detection of clinically significant PCa (CSC) has been emphasized in its diagnosis and management. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has advanced technically, and recent international cooperation has provided a standardized imaging and reporting system for prostate MRI. Accordingly, prostate MRI has recently been investigated and utilized as a triage tool before biopsy to guide tissue sampling to increase the detection rate of CSC beyond the staging tool for patients in whom PCa was already confirmed on conventional systematic biopsy. Radiologists must understand the current paradigm shift for better PCa diagnosis and management. This article reviewed the recent literature, demonstrating the diagnostic value of pre-biopsy prostate MRI with targeted biopsy and discussed unsolved issues regarding the paradigm shift in the diagnosis of PCa.

Comparison Study on CNR and SNR of Thoracic Spine Lateral Radiography (흉추 측면검사 영상의 CNR과 SNR 측정의 비교 연구)

  • Kim, Ki-Won;Min, Jung-Whan;Lyu, Kwang-Yeul;Kim, Jung-Min;Jeong, Hoi-Woun;Lee, Joo-Ah;Jung, Jae-Hong;Sung, Dong-Chan;Park, Soon-Cheol
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.273-280
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    • 2013
  • This study was proven for the T-spine breathing technique in lateral projection, using computer radiography (CR), charge coupled device (CCD), indirect digital radiography (IDR) and direct digital radiography (DDR). All images were evaluated and compared with CNR and SNR measured with the mean pixels and the standard deviation as setting ROI of spinous process, pedicle, vertebral body, intervertebral foramen and intervertebral disk using Image J. In experiment results of 4 type detectors, T-spine breathing technique was indicated as excellent in ROI of spinous process, pedicle, vertebral body, intervertebral foramen and intervertebral disk. As T-spine breathing technique indicated excellent images compared to the existing T-spine lateral radiography, this method would be useful for elderly patients who have difficulty in deep exhalation. This study was indicated the application possibility of T-spine breathing technique by presenting contrast to noise ratio (CNR) and signal to noise ratio (SNR) with quantitative value in 4 type detectors.

A Q-Methodological Study on the Radiologist's Image of Radiology College Students Experienced Clinical Practice (임상실습을 경험한 방사선과 학생의 방사선사 이미지에 대한 주관성 연구)

  • Kim, Young-Ran
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.11 no.7
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    • pp.51-57
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    • 2020
  • This study was conducted to examine the type of subjective perceptions and characteristics of the type toward the image of students enrolled in the Department of Radiology who experienced clinical training by applying Q Methodology which is aiming at the research of human subjectivity, and provide basic data for educational programs for the Department of Radiology to establish the image of a radiological technologist based on the result. This study conducted convenience sampling with 30 students of the Department of Radiology who experienced their first clinical training for 8 weeks as a P sample, forcing 33 Q samples to be distributed on the nine-point scale Q distribution chart. After that, this study processed collected data with principal factor analysis by QUANL program. Study results show that Eigen value was more than 1.0, which was divided into 2 types. Type 1 was "Patient-oriented" and type 2 was "Organization-oriented". These results can be helpful as a basic resources to understand Radiology Students who will choose a job by using different sense of value of their job.

A Study on Radiation Dose for General Radiography Examination at First Medical Institution (Around the Radiology Clinic of National Capital Region) (일차 의료기관에서 일반촬영 검사의 피폭선량 연구 (수도권 영상의학과를 중심으로))

  • Hwang, Su-Lyun;Jung, Hong-Ryang;Lim, Cheong-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.5 no.5
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    • pp.245-253
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    • 2011
  • The hazard level will be increased with the augmentation of the dose received by patients. Therefore, patients radiation dose have been analyzed by this study for the radiology clinics located at Seoul and Gyeongin area from August 2009 to September 2010. In the case of the front and rear directional inspection of skull, patient radiation dose was turned out to be 1.75mGy for radiology clinic, 3.00mGy for UK, 3.00mGy for Japan, and 5.00mGy for Germany, therefore, radiology clinic was the lowest. In the case of lateral directional inspection of skull, patient radiation dose was turned out to be 1.49mGy for radiology clinic, 1.50mGy for 3rd medical institution, therefore, radiology clinic was measured lower, and it was lower than 3.00mGy which is the recommended dose of IAEA. In order to reduce medical exposure of patient, optimization of efficient protection of radiation and reduction of medical radiation exposure are thought to be required by observing recommendation of international organization based on the result of this study.

Cone-beam computed tomography analysis of accessory maxillary ostium and Haller cells: Prevalence and clinical significance

  • Ali, Ibrahim K.;Sansare, Kaustubh;Karjodkar, Freny R.;Vanga, Kavita;Salve, Prashant;Pawar, Ajinkya M.
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.47 no.1
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    • pp.33-37
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Haller cells and accessory maxillary ostium (AMO) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, and to analyze the relationships among Haller cells, AMO, and maxillary sinusitis. Materials and Methods: Volumetric CBCT scans from 201 patients were retrieved from our institution's Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine archive folder. Two observers evaluated the presence of Haller cells, AMO, and maxillary sinusitis in the CBCT scans. Results: AMO was observed in 114 patients, of whom 27 (23.7%) had AMO exclusively on the right side, 26 (22.8%) only on the left side, and 61 (53.5%) bilaterally. Haller cells were identified in 73 (36.3%) patients. In 24 (32.9%) they were present exclusively on the right side, in 17 (23.3%) they were only present on the left side, and in 32 (43.8%) they were located bilaterally. Of the 73 (36.3%) patients with Haller cells, maxillary sinusitis was also present in 50 (68.5%). On using chi-square test, a significant association was observed between AMO and maxillary sinusitis in the presence of Haller cells. Conclusion: Our results showed AMO and Haller cells to be associated with maxillary sinusitis. This study provides evidence for the usefulness of CBCT in imaging the bony anatomy of the sinonasal complex with significantly higher precision and a smaller radiation dose.

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the maxillary sinus in an elderly male: A case report and literature review

  • Shah, Saiquat;Huh, Kyung-Hoe;Yi, Won-Jin;Heo, Min-Suk;Lee, Sam-Sun;Choi, Soon-Chul
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.44 no.4
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    • pp.307-314
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    • 2014
  • Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), which belongs to the Ewing's sarcoma (ES) family of tumors, is mainly seen in children and young adults. PNETs are extremely rare in the maxilla. Here, we report a case of PNET of the left maxillary sinus in an elderly male. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a slightly enhanced solid mass occupying the left maxillary sinus and infiltrating into the retroantral space. A partial maxillectomy was performed. Despite postoperative chemotherapy, follow-up computed tomography (CT) and MRI revealed a nodal metastasis in the submandibular space. Neck dissection was performed. However, the patient died 10 months after the second surgery because of distant metastasis to the liver. MRI and CT were particularly useful in detecting the extent of the tumor, recurrence, and metastasis. Further, a literature review of the previously reported PNET cases of the maxilla was carried out. In this paper, we also discuss the current approach for the diagnosis and management of these tumors.

Radiologic assessment of bone healing after orthognathic surgery using fractal analysis

  • Park Kwan-Soo;Heo Min-Suk;Lee Sam-Sun;Choi Soon-Chul;Park Tae-Won;Jeon In-Seong;Kim Jong-Dae
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.32 no.4
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    • pp.201-206
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    • 2002
  • Purpose : To evaluate the radiographic change of operation sites after orthognathic surgery using the digital image processing and fractal analysis. Materials and Methods : A series of panoramic radiographs of thirty-five randomly selected patients who had undergone mandibular orthognathic surgery (bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy) without clinical complication for osseous healing, were taken. The panoramic radiographs of each selected patient were taken at pre-operation (stage 0), 1 or 2 days after operation (stage 1), 1 month after operation (stage 2), 6 months after operation (stage 3), and 12 months after operation (stage 4). The radiographs were digitized at 600 dpi, 8 bit, and 256 gray levels. The region of interest, centered on the bony gap area of the operation site, was selected and the fractal dimension was calculated by using the tile-counting method. The mean values and standard deviations of fractal dimension for each stage were calculated and the differences among stage 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 were evaluated through repeated measures of the ANOVA and paired t-test. Results : The mean values and standard deviations of the fractal dimensions obtained from stage 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 1.658±0.048, 1.580±0.050, 1.607±0.046, 1.624±0.049, and 1.641 ±0.061, respectively. The fractal dimensions from stage 1 to stage 4 were shown to have a tendency to increase (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The tendency of the fractal dimesion to increase relative to healing time may be a useful means of evaluating post-operative bony healing of the osteotomy site.

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The distribution of C-shaped canal system in Korean population with CT image (CT사진을 이용한 한국인의 C형 치근관의 분포에 대한 연구)

  • Jun, Rok-Weon;Huh, Kyung-Hoe;Yi, Won-Jin;Heo, Min-Suk;Lee, Sam-Sun;Choi, Soon-Chul
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.75-79
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: To investigate the incidence and prevalence of C-shaped root canal using computed tomographic images of head and neck in Korean population. Materials and Methods : Regardless of each examination purpose, randomly selected 268 examples which have serial axial computed tomographic images with 8 normal molars in maxilla and mandible were selected and investigated. Defined C-shaped root canal and we could get 82 proper image examples in view of this definition. These were detected and investigated of incidence and prevalence of C-shaped root canal. Results: C-shaped root canals were found in 82 examples among 268 (30.6%) and 147 teeth. They were only found on molar area, and the highest incidence was 37.41% of left mandibular second molars, and the lowest was 2.04% of right maxillary second molars. On prevalence of tooth position, mandibular second molar was the highest, 65% of C-shaped root canal teeth and maxillary second molar was 6% the lowest. Conclusion: 31% of randomly selected CT images no considering check-up reason have C-shaped root canals. The C-shaped root canals of mandibular second molar are found most frequently and they are also detectable on maxilla. On Korean population, C-shaped root canals are one of conditions that have to concern with dental treatment for it appears at a high prevalence relatively. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2009; 39: 75-9)

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The influence of different scan resolutions on the detection of proximal caries lesions

  • Ferreira, Liana Matos;Queiroz, Polyane Mazucatto;Santaella, Gustavo Machado;Wenzel, Ann;Groppo, Francisco Carlos;Haiter-Neto, Francisco
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.97-102
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different spatial resolutions of a photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) radiography system on the detection of proximal caries lesions. Materials and Methods: Forty-five extracted human permanent teeth were radiographed using a PSP system (VistaScan Perio Plus) and scanned at the 4 resolutions (10 lp/mm, 20 lp/mm, 25 lp/mm, and 40 lp/mm) available in the system. Three independent examiners scored the images for the presence and absence of proximal caries lesions using a 5-point scale. The presence or absence of caries was confirmed by histological sections of the examined teeth (defined as the gold standard). Intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was calculated by the weighted kappa test. One-way analysis of variance with the post hoc Tukey test was used to compare the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the classifications made with each resolution. Results: For the detection of enamel lesions, the spatial resolution of 10 lp/mm was significantly superior to the other resolutions. However, the spatial resolution did not affect the detection of caries lesions in dentin (P>0.05). Conclusion: Spatial resolution may influence the accuracy of the detection of incipient caries lesions in radiographs with PSP plates. Images with low spatial resolution seem to be more appropriate for this purpose.

Magnetic resonance imaging study of incidental findings in the paranasal sinuses and ostiomeatal complex

  • Yousefi, Faezeh;Mollabashi, Mina;Shokri, Abbas;Tavakoli, Emad;Farhadian, Maryam;Tavakoli, Ali
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.52 no.1
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    • pp.11-18
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: This study aimed to assess incidental abnormal findings in the paranasal sinuses and anatomical variations of the ostiomeatal complex (OMC) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Materials and Methods: MRI scans of 616 patients (mean age, 44.0±19.4 years) were evaluated. Prior to obtaining the MRI scans, a checklist of patients' clinical symptoms was filled out after obtaining their consent. The Lund-Mackay classification was used to assess the paranasal sinuses and OMC. The prevalence of abnormal findings and their associations with patients' age, sex, and subjective symptoms were analyzed by the chi-square test, independent-sample t-test, and analysis of variance. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: Abnormal findings in the paranasal sinuses were detected in 32.0% of patients, with a significantly higher prevalence in males (P<0.05), but no significant association with age (P>0.05). Epithelial thickening and retention cyst were the most common abnormal findings in the paranasal sinuses. According to the Lund-Mackay classification, 93% of the study population had normal sinuses (score<4). Concha bullosa and paradoxical concha were detected in 15.3% and 3.4%, respectively, with no significant association with the presence of septal deviation or Lund-Mackay classification (P>0.05). Conclusion: Considering the relatively high prevalence of abnormal findings in the paranasal sinuses, it appears that clinical symptoms alone are not sufficient to diagnose sinusitis. A more accurate strategy would be to assess radiographic images of the paranasal sinuses and use a classification system. Sinusitis should be suspected in patients receiving a high score in this classification.