• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2022

In this study, we have investigated the shielding evaluation methodology for facilities using kV energy generators. We have collected and analysis of safety evaluation criteria and methodology for overseas facilities using radiation generators. And we investigated the current status of shielding evaluation of domestic industrial radiation generators. According to the statistical data from the Radiation Safety Information System, as of 2022, a total of 7,679 organizations are using radiation generating devices. Among them, 6,299 facilities use these devices for industrial purposes, which accounts for a considerable portion of radiation. The organizations that use these devices evaluate whether the exposure dose for workers and frequent visitors is suitable as per the limit regulated by the Nuclear Safety Act. Moreover, during this process, the safety shields are evaluated at the facilities that use the radiation generating devices. However, the facilities that use radiating devices having energy less than or equal to 6 MV for industrial purposes are still mostly evaluated and analyzed according to the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements 49 (NCRP 49) report published in 1976. We have investigated the technical standards of safety management, including the maximum permissible dose and parameters assessment criteria for facilities using radiation generating devices, based on the NCRP 49 and the American National Standards Institute/Health Physics Society N.43.3 reports, which are the representative reports related to radiation shielding management cases overseas.

• 한국고분자학회지:고분자과학과기술
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.235-242
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• 1999

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.124-126
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• 2007

In this letter, we study the impact of single event upsets (SEUs) in space or defense electronic systems which use memory devices such as EEPROM, and SRAM. We built a microcontroller test board to measure the effects of protons on electronic devices at various radiation levels. We tested radiation hardening at beam current, and energy levels, measured the phenomenon of SEUs, and addressed possible reasons for SEUs.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2015

Objectives: To investigate safety and health management, conditions in factories or facilities handling radiation-generating devices and radioactive isotopes were reviewed in terms of regulations of radiation safety control in Korea. Radiation exposure levels generated at those facilities were directly measured and evaluated for establishing an effective safety and health management plan. Methods: Government organizations with laws and systems of radiation safety and health were investigated and compared. There are three laws governing radiation-related employment such as occupational safety and health acts, nuclear safety acts, and medical service acts. We inspected 12 workplaces as research objects:four workplaces that manufacture and assemble semiconductor devices, three non-destructive inspection workplaces that perform inspections on radiation penetration, and five workplaces in textile and tire manufacturing. Monitoring of radiation exposure was performed through two methods. Spatial and surface monitoring using real-time radiation instruments was performed on each site handling radiation generating devices and radioactive isotopes in order to identify radiation leakage. Results: According to the occupational safety and health act, there is no legal obligation to measure ionizing radiation and set dose limits. This can cause confusion in the application of the laws, because the scopes and contents are different from each other. Surface dose rates in radiation generating devices such as implanters, thickness gages and accelerators, which were registered according to nuclear safety acts, using surveymeters, and seven of 36 facilities(19.4%) exceeded the international standards for surface radiation dose of $10{\mu}Sv/hr$. Conclusions: The results showed that occupational health and safety acts require a separate provision for measuring and assessing the radiation exposure of workers performing radiation work. Like noise, ionizing radiation will also periodically be controlled by including it in the object factors of work-environment measurement.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.244-252
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• 2018

C-arm fluoroscopy is useful equipment in interventional pain management because it helps to guide correct needle targeting for the accurate injection and drug delivery. However, due to increased use of C-arm fluoroscopy in various pain procedures, the risk of radiation exposure is a significant concern for pain physicians. The harmful biological effects of ionizing radiation on the human body are well known. It is therefore necessary to strive to reduce radiation exposure. Lead aprons with thyroid shields are the most fundamental radiation protective devices for interventional procedures, and are very effective. However, the operator's radiation safety cannot be guaranteed because pain physicians seem to lack sufficient interest, knowledge, and awareness about radiation safety. Also, inappropriate care and use of radiation protective devices may result in a higher risk of radiation exposure. The purpose of this article was to review the literature on radiation safety with a focus on lead aprons and thyroid shields and present recommendations related to those devices during C-arm fluoroscopic-guided interventions by pain physicians.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2020

다양한 종류의 방사선 발생장치가 동물병원에서 사용되면서 방사선 관계종사자들의 안전이 중요해지고 있으나 방사선 발생장치 및 방사선 관계종사자들에 대한 안전관리 정보가 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 방사선 검사기관 및 측정기관, 시·군·구에서 조사되어진 방사선 발생장치 및 관계종사자, 피폭선량 등을 조사, 분석하였다. 최근 6년간 동물병원에서의 방사선 발생장치와 관계종사자 수는 각각 2,138대에서 2,972대, 2,644명에서 5,733명으로 증가하였다. 2019년 방사선 발생장치의 수는 일반 X-ray, CT, C-arm, 이동형 X-ray, 치과용 X-ray는 각각 2,204대, 58대, 67대, 770대, 14대인 것으로 조사되었다. 2019년 방사선 관계종사자 수는 수의사 4,236명, 수의간호사 1,080명, 업무보조원 404명, 기타 13명인 것으로 조사되었다. 2018년 방사선 관계종사자 연간평균피폭선량은 표층선량 0.21mSv, 심부선량 0.18mSv인 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 동물병원에서 사용하고 있는 방사선 발생장치 및 방사선 관계종사자의 안전관리에 대한 기초 자료가 될 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Semiconductor Engineering
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2021

Along with the needs for feasibility in the field of space applications, interests in radiation-hardened electronics is growing rapidly. Gallium nitride (GaN)-based devices have been widely researched so far owing to superb radiation resistance. Among them, research on the most abundant protons in low earth orbit (LEO) is essential. In this paper, proton irradiation effects on parameter changes, degradation mechanism, and correlation with reliability of GaN-based devices are summarized.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.951-964
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• 2020

This paper presents a lightweight true random number generator (TRNG) using beta radiation that is useful for Internet of Things (IoT) security. In general, a random number generator (RNG) is required for all secure communication devices because random numbers are needed to generate encryption keys. Most RNGs are computer algorithms and use physical noise as their seed. However, it is difficult to obtain physical noise in small IoT devices. Since IoT security functions are required in almost all countries, IoT devices must be equipped with security algorithms that can pass the cryptographic module validation programs of each country. In this regard, it is very cumbersome to embed security algorithms, random number generation algorithms, and even physical noise sources in small IoT devices. Therefore, this paper introduces a lightweight TRNG comprising a thin-film beta-radiation source and integrated circuits (ICs). Although the ICs are currently being designed, the IC design was functionally verified at the board level. Our random numbers are output from a verification board and tested according to National Institute of Standards and Technology standards.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.277-286
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• 2015

국내에 사용되고 있는 진단용 방사선발생장치는 78,000여대에 이르고 있다. 인체 대상의 진단 목적으로 사용할 때에는 의료법의 적용을 받고, 동물 대상의 진단 목적으로 사용할 때는 수의사법의 적용을 받는다. 그 이외의 목적으로 사용 시에는 원자력안전법의 적용을 받는다. 동일한 방사선발생장치라도 사용목적 및 대상에 따라 적용되는 법제가 달라지며, 다원화된 규정이 적용되는 문제점인 법제의 혼란을 방지하기 위해 법제 내용의 분석 및 비교가 필요하다. 본 연구는 질적 조사로, 원자력안전 법, 의료법, 수의사법과 그 하위 규정에 적용되는 진단용 방사선발생장치 도입에 대한 행정절차, 안전성 검사, 인력 관리, 구역 관리, 행정처분에 관한 내용이다. 원자력안전법 하위규정에서는 진단용 방사선발생장치 도입은 허가개념으로 행정절차가 복잡하고 구비요건이 많다. 사용에 따른 안전성 검사는 방사선안전관리 전 분야에 걸쳐 감사 성격의 정기검사를 받게 된다. 안전관리자 및 종사자에 대해 해마다 법정 정기 교육을 받아야 한다. 방사선관리구역을 지정하는 방사선량률 기준이 다르며 방사선량률 측정 의무가 있다. 법제 위반 시 부과되는 행정처분의 양적 차이가 최대 10배에 이르며 전 분야에 걸쳐 원자력안전법 하위규정 적용 시 방사선안전관리 부담이 가장 크다. 동일한 진단용 방사선발생장치의 사용 목적과 촬영대상에 따라 다르게 적용되고 있는 현행 법 제도 하에서는 사용주체에 따라 방사선 안전관리를 위한 법제 내용의 형평성이 결여되어 있고, 혼란의 우려가 있으므로 진단용 방사선발생장치 이용에 따른 법제의 일원화 또는 표준화 등의 대안이 필요할 것으로 예상된다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권7호
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• pp.963-968
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• 2013

Ionizing Radiation effects on MOS devices provide useful information regarding the behavior of MOS based devices and circuits in the electronic instrumentation parts and instructive data for making the high sensitive sensors. The study presents the results of the analysis on the structural characteristics of MOS capacitor for sensing the ionizing radiation effect. We performed numerical modeling of Ionizing-radiation effect on MOS capacitor and simulation using Matlab program. Also we produced MOS capacitors and obtained useful data through radiation experiment to analyse the characteristic of ionizing radiation effect on MOS capacitor. Increasing the thickness of MOS capacitor's oxide layer enhanced the sensitivity of MOS capacitor under irradiation condition, but the sensitivity of irradiated MOS capacitor is uninfluenced by the area of MOS capacitor. The high frequency capacitance of the MOS capacitor is found to be strongly affected by incident ionizing radiation.