• 제목/요약/키워드: Radiation adaptive response

검색결과 36건 처리시간 0.034초

INVOLVEMENT OF p27CIP/KIP IN HSP25 OR INDUCIBLE HSP70 MEDIATED ADAPTIVE RESPONSE BY LOW DOSE RADIATION

  • Seo, Hang-Rhan;Chung, Hee-Yong;Lee, Yoon-Jin;Baek, Min;Bae, Sang-Woo;Lee, Su-Jae;Lee, Yun-Sil
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제38권3호
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    • pp.285-292
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    • 2006
  • Thermoresistant (TR) clones of radiation-induced fibrosarcoma (RIF) cells have been reported to show an adaptive response to 1cGy of low dose radiation, and HSP25 and inducible HSP70 are involved in this process. In this study, to further elucidate the mechanism by which HSP25 and inducible HSP70 regulate the adaptive response, HSP25 or inducible HSP70 overexpressed RIF cells were irradiated with 1cGy and the cell cycle was analyzed. HSP25 or inducible HSP70 overexpressed cells together with TR cells showed increased G1 phase after 1cGy irradiation, while RIF cells did not. $[^3H]-Thymidine$ and BrdU incorporation also indicated that both HSP25 and inducible HSP70 are involved in G1 arrest after 1cGy irradiation. Molecular analysis revealed upregulation of p27Cip/Kip protein in HSP25 and inducible HSP70 overexpressed cells, and cotransfection of p27Cip/Kip antisense abolished the induction of the adaptive response and 1cGy-mediated G1 arrest. The above results indicate that induction of an adaptive response by HSP25 and inducible HSP70 is mediated by upregulation of p27Cip/Kip protein, resulting in low dose radiation-induced G1 arrest.

Pretreatment of Low Dose Radiation Reduces Radiation-Induced Apoptosis in Mouse Lymphoma (EL4) cells

  • Kim, Jeong-Hee;Hyun, Soo-Jin;Yoon, Moon-Young;Jioon, Young-Hoon;Cho, Chul-Koo;Yoo, Seong-Yul
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.212-217
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    • 1997
  • Induction of an adaptive response to ionizing radiation in mouse lymphoma (EL4) cells was studied by using cell survival fraction and apoptotic nucleosomal DNA fragmentation as biological end points. Cells in early log phase were pre-exposed to low dose of ${\gamma}$-rays (0.01 Gy) 4 or 20 hrs prior to high dose ${\gamma}$-ray (4, 8 and 12 Gy for cell survival fraction analysis; 8 Gy for DNA fragmentation analysis) irradiation. Then cell survival fractions and the extent of DNA fragmentation were measured. Significant adaptive response, increase in cell survival fraction and decrease in the extent of DNA fragmentation were induced when low and high dose .gamma.-ray irradiation time interval was 4 hr. Addition of protein or RNA synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide or 5,6-dichloro-1-.betha.-d-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRFB), respectively during adaptation period, the period from low dose ${\gamma}$-ray irradiation to high dose ${\gamma}$-ray irradiation, was able to inhibit the induction of adaptive response, which is the reduction of the extent DNA fragmentation in irradiated EL4 cells. These data suggest that the induction of adaptive response to ionizing radiation in EL4 cells required both protein and RNA synthesis.

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Low-dose of Ultraviolet radiation-, Ethyl methanesulfonateor Bleomycin-lnduced Adaptive Response in Chinese hamster ovary Cells

  • Lee, Dong-Wook;Shin, Eun-Joo;Um, Kyung-Il
    • 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.94-99
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    • 1995
  • The adaptive response and cross-adaptive response to sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K$_1$ cells treated with ultraviolet radiation (UV), ethyl methanesuffonate (EMS), or bleomycin (BLM) were investigated. Two assays were used in this study; SCEs and alkaline elution. The pretreatment with low conditioning dose of 2 mM EMS or 1 J/m$^2$ UV decreased the yield of SCEs induced by subsequent treatment with 8 mM EMS, 5 J/m$^2$ UV or 5 $\mu$g/ml BLM. And the pretreatment with low conditioning dose of 1 $\mu$g/ml BLM decreased the yield of SCEs induced by subsequent treatment with 5 $\mu$g/ml BLM or 5 J/m$^2$ UV. The rejoining of DNA SSBs in cells subsequently treated with 2 J/m$^2$ UV, 50 mM EMS or 400 $\mu$g/ml BLM is higher than that only treated with 2 J/m$^2$ UV, 50 mM EMS or 400 $\mu$g/ml BLM. These results suggest that there are the adaptive response and cross-adaptive response to SCEs, and is the adaptive response to the rejoining of DNA SSBs in CHO cells.

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마우스 종양에서 저선량 방사선이 Apoptosis의 유도에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Small Dose of Radiation on Induction of Apoptosis in Murine Tumors)

  • 성진실;표홍렬;정은지;김성희;서창옥
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.307-313
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    • 1999
  • 목적 : 방사선에 의한 apoptosis 유도에 저선량 방사선이 미치는 영향을 관찰하여 adaptive response 현상이 관계되는지를 마우스 종양에서 분석하고 관련되는 기전에 관하여 연구하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 마우스 동종암인 HCa-I, OCa-I에서 저선량 (0.05 Gy) 방사선 조사 후 고선량 (25 Gy)을 조사하여 이로부터 일정시간 후 종양에서 유도된 apoptosis 수준을 비교분석하였다. 또한, apoptosis의 조절 물질인 p53, Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-X 등의 발현을 Western blotting으로 분석하여 관련된 기전을 연구하였다. 결과 : OCa-l에서 0.05 Gy를 전처치 후에 25 Gy를 조사한 군에서 apoptosis의 유도 수준은 세포 1000개당 229로서 예상되는 값인 324 에 비하면 약 $30\%$정도 감소된 결과로 나타나서(p<0.05) 저선량의 방사선에 의하여 apoptosis의 유도 수준이 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 반면 HCa-l기에서는 예상된 apoptosis수준과 실제 관찰치간에 변화가 없었다. 유전물질의 발현에서 p53은 두 종양 공히 0.05 Gy 조사군, 25 Gy 조사군 및 0.05+25 Gy 조사군에서 발현이 증가되었다. Bcl-2와 Bax는 두 종양 모두 발현 수준의 등락이 현저하지는 않았으나 OCa-l의 0.05+25 Gy 조사군에서 Bcl-2의 발현이 Bax를 상회하는 결과를 보였다. Bcl-X는 HCa-l에서 0.05 Gy 정도의 저선량에서부터 높은 상승을 보인 반면, OCa-l기에서는 천혀 발현되지 않았다. 결론 : 마우스 종양의 일부에서 0.05 Gy의 저선량이 고선량 방사선에 의한 apoptosis 유도에 대하여 adaptive response를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 Bcl-2, Bax의 발현 수준과 BcI-X 등이 관련되는 것으로 보였다. 본 연구는 방사선에 의한 apoptosis에서 adaptive response의 관련성이 일정치 않다는 것을 마우스 종양에서 보여주었다.

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Radiation Hormesis: Incredible or Inevitable\ulcorner

  • Ducoff, Howard-S
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.187-193
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    • 2002
  • It has long been recognized that exposure to low levels of toxic chemicals could have beneficial effects, such as increased resistance to related chemicals or stimulation of growth or development. The notion of radiation hormesis, that exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation could produce beneficial effects, developed seriously in the late 1950’s, and was, to most radiation scientists, incredible. This was due in pan to the then prevailing ideas of radiobiological mechanisms, in part to the sweeping generalizations made by the leading proponents of the radiation hormesis concept, and in pan to the many failures to confirm reports of beneficial effects. More recent understanding of the mechanisms of radiation damage and repair, and discoveries of induction of gene expression by radiation and other genotoxic agents [the adaptive response] make it seem inevitable that under suitable conditions, irradiation will produce beneficial effects.

Early treatment volume reduction rate as a prognostic factor in patients treated with chemoradiotherapy for limited stage small cell lung cancer

  • Lee, Joohwan;Lee, Jeongshim;Choi, Jinhyun;Kim, Jun Won;Cho, Jaeho;Lee, Chang Geol
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.117-125
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: To investigate the relationship between early treatment response to definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and survival outcome in patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 47 patients with LS-SCLC who received definitive CRT between January 2009 and December 2012. Patients were treated with systemic chemotherapy regimen of etoposide/carboplatin (n = 15) or etoposide/cisplatin (n = 32) and concurrent thoracic radiotherapy at a median dose of 54 Gy (range, 46 to 64 Gy). Early treatment volume reduction rate (ETVRR) was defined as the percentage change in gross tumor volume between diagnostic computed tomography (CT) and simulation CT for adaptive RT planning and was used as a parameter for early treatment response. The median dose at adaptive RT planning was 36 Gy (range, 30 to 43 Gy), and adaptive CT was performed in 30 patients (63.8%). Results: With a median follow-up of 27.7 months (range, 5.9 to 75.8 months), the 2-year locoregional progression-free survival (LRPFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 74.2% and 56.5%, respectively. The mean diagnostic and adaptive gross tumor volumes were 117.9 mL (range, 5.9 to 447 mL) and 36.8 mL (range, 0.3 to 230.6 mL), respectively. The median ETVRR was 71.4% (range, 30 to 97.6%) and the ETVRR >45% group showed significantly better OS (p < 0.0001) and LRPFS (p = 0.009) than the other group. Conclusion: ETVRR as a parameter for early treatment response may be a useful prognostic factor to predict treatment outcome in LS-SCLC patients treated with CRT.

Effects of Inhibitors on Cross-Adaptive Response to Ultraviolet Radiation or Ethyl methanesulfonate in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells

  • Lee, Dong-Wook;Shin, Eun-Joo;Kim, Seon-Young;Um, Kyung-Il
    • 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회지
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.83-87
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    • 1996
  • This study was performed by the sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) to investigate the effects of Aphidicolin (APC) or 2, 4-dinitrophenoi (DNP) on cross-adaptive response to ultraviolet radiation (UV) or ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The pretreatment with 1 J/m$^2$ UV decreased the yield of SCEs induced by subsequent treatment with 8 mM EMS in CHO cells. And the treatment with 10 $\mu$g/ml APC or 50 $\mu$M DNP during incubation after pretreatment with 1 J/m$^2$ UV increased the yield of SCEs induced by 8 mM EMS. The pretreatment with 2 mM EMS decreased the yield of SCEs induced by subsequent treatment with 5 J/m$^2$ UV. The treatment with 10 $\mu$g/ml APC during incubation after 2 mM EMS increased the yield of SCEs induced by 5 J/m$^2$ UV. These results suggest that APC and DNP inhibit cross-adaptive response to pretreatment with UV and subsequent treatment with EMS, and also cross-adaptive response to pretreatment with EMS and subsequent treatment with UV is inhibited by APC in CHO cells.

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인체 말초 혈액 림프구에서 저선량 방사선 조사에 의해 유도되는 적응 반응 (Adaptive Response Induced by Low Dose Ionizing Radiation in Human Lymphocytes)

  • 김정희;이경종;조철구;류성렬;김태환;김성호
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.97-102
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    • 1995
  • 인체 말초 혈액 림프구에서 저선량의 감마선에 의해 유도되는 적응 반응을 관찰하였다. 인체 림프구를 저선량의 감마선(priming dose 0.01Gy) 을 조사한 후 여러 시간 간격 후 고선량 (challenging dose, 1.5Gy) 을 조사하였다. 저선량을 미리 조사한 림프구와 조사하지 않은 림프구에서 발생된 미세핵의 빈도를 계수하였다. 비세핵 발생 빈도는 저선량 조사 4시간 후 고선량을 조사하였을 때 최대 감소치를 보였다. 저선량과 고선량 조사 시간차가 7시간 또는 20시간이었을 때 미세핵 발생 빈도는 약간 감소하였으나 유의성은 없었다. 본 연구에서는 $G_0$상태의 세포주기에서 저선량을 조사하였을 경우 적응 반응이 나타나는 것이 관찰 되었다. 미세핵 분석법은 실험 방법이 비교적 간단하고, 기타 염색체 분석법에 비하여 빠른 시간내 결과를 도출 할 수 있어 추후 방사선에 대한 적응 반응의 연구에 유용한 지표가 될 수 있을 것이다.

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인체임파양세포에서 저선량의 감마선에 의해서 유도되는 적응 반응 (Adaptive Response to ionizing Radiation Induced by Low Doses of Gamma Rays in Human Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines)

  • 성진실;서창옥;김귀언
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 1994
  • 미량의 변이 유발소에 노출된 세포는 그 다음에 투여되는 다량의 변이 유발소에 대하여 내성을 갖게 된다. 이같은 적응 반응(adaptive response)은 대장균에서 처음으로 밝혀진 이후 주로 인체 말초 혈액 임파구에서 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 그러나 적응 반응이 세포 종류를 막론하고 존재하는 일반적인 현상인지에 대하여, 또한 세포의 고유한 방사선 감수성과의 관계나 그 기전 등에 대하여도 규명되어야 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 이같은 의문에 보다 접근하기 위하여 방사선에 매우 민감한 ataxia telangiectasia hemozygote, ataxia telangiectasia heterozygote, 그리고 정상인에서 유래한 인체 임파양세포주를 대상으로 1 cGy의 감마선을 조사하고 일정 시간이 지난 후 다시 50 cGy의 감마선을 조사하여, 감마선에 의해 유도되는 염색체 손상을 측정하였다. 그 결과 1 cGy 전처치시 그 다음 50 cGy에 의한 염색체 손상이 50 cGy 단독 대조군에 비하여 의의 있게 감소하여 적응 반응이 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 세가지 세포주의 방사선 감수성이 각기 달랐으나 적응 반응의 표현 양상은 이와 무관하게 유사하였다. 또한 염색체 손상의 복구에 필수적인 poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase를 억제하는 3-aminobenzamide를 50 cGy 직후에 투여한 실험에서는 적응 반응이 완전히 소실됨을 관찰하여 적응 반응이 어떤 종류의 방사선 손상의 복구 기전과 관계 있음을 추측케하였다. 따라서 임파양세포에서도 적응 반응이 존재함을 본 연구를 통하여 최초로 알 수 있었다. 이는 세포의 방사선 감수성과는 무관한 것으로 나타났으며 그 기전에 있어서는 아직 잘 알려지지 않은 손상 복구 기전을 유도하는 것으로 생각된다.반림프절 비대가 국소치유율, 무병생존율, 생존율에 영향을 미치는 인자이었고 이들 세가지 인자와 전산화단층촬영상의 대동맥림프절 비대가 생존율에 영향을 미치는 인자이었다. 조사선량이 많았으나 치료실패율이 현저하게 높았다. 따라서 이들 환자들을 효과적으로 치료하기 위하여 단순히 치료선량을 증가시키는 것보다 다른 보조적치료, 즉 약물치료와의 병용치료 등이 절실히 요구되며, 또한 국소재발의 억제가 원격전이를 감소시킬 수 있는 한 방법일 수 있다. 따라서 자궁경부암 환자의 방사선 치료에 가장 적합한 방법은 외부조사와 강내 치료를 병행하는 것이나 강내 치료가 불가능한 환자군에 대해서는 적극적 수술방법의 도입을 고려해야하겠다. 합병증의 증가가 관찰되지 않는 점으로 보아 본 연구를 계속 진행함으로써 더 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.기 혈색소 수치 (p<0.0001), 강내 조사(p<0.0004)였고, 조직학적 소견(p<0.29), 유도 화학요법과의 병행치료(p<0.87)는 통계학적으로 유의하지 않았다..0093{\pm}0.0047)\;D^2+(13.31{\pm}7.309$) 였었다. 감마선에 대한 중성자선의 상대적 생물학적 효과비 (RBE)는 y=aD+$bD^2$+c를 다음과 같은 식으로 변형시켜 계산하였다. $$\frac{[-a{pm}\sqrt{a^2-4b\;(c-y}}]}{2{\times}6}$$ 미세핵 발생빈도가 세포당 0.05와 0.8사이에서의 중성자선의 상대적 생물학적 효과비는 $2.37{\pm}0.17$ 이었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 선량에 따른 미세핵 발생빈도는 기존의 방사선 감수성 test의 결과와 대동소이하여, 앞으로 방사선 감수성을 측정하는 방법으로 이용할 수 있으며, 또한

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Adaptive Response Induced by Low Dose Ionizing Raditation in Human Cervical Carcinoma Cells

  • Kim, Jeong -Hee;Lee, Kyung -Jong;Cho, Chul -Koo;Yoo, Seong -Yul;Kim, Tae -Hwan;Ji, Young -Hoon;Kim, Sung -Ho
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.410-414
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    • 1995
  • Adaptive response induced by low dese .gamma.-ray irradiation in human cervical carcinoma cells was examined. Cells were exposured to low dose of .gamma.-ray irradiation in human cervical carcinoma cells was examined. Cells were exposured to low dose of .gamma.-ray (1-cGy) followed by high doses of r-ray irradiation (0,1,2,3,5,7 and 9Gy for chlnogenic assay or 1.5Gy for micronucleus assay) with various time intervals. Survival fractions of cells in both low dose-irradiated and unirrated groups were analyzed by clonogenic assay. Surviva fractions of low dose-irradiated in cell survival was maximum when low and high dose irradiation time interval was 4 hr. Frequencies of micronuclei which is an indicative of chromosome aberration were also enutained from survival fractions analyzed by clonogenic assay, maximum when low and high dose irradiation time interval was 4hr. Frequencies of micronuclei which is an indicative of chromosome aberration were also enumerated in both low dose-irradiated and unirradiated groups. In consiststent with the result obtained from survival fractions analyzed by clonogenic assay, maximum reduction in frquencies of micronuclei was observed when low dose radiation was given 4 hr prior to high response to subsequent high dose .gamma.-ray irradiation in human cervical carcinomal cells. Our data suggest that one of the possible mechanisms of adaptive response induced by low dose rediation is the increase in repair of DNA double strand breaks in low dose radiation-adapted cells.

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