• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.454-462
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• 2018

Yield and grade are the key factors that affect production value of peanut. The objective of this study was to identify QTLs for pod yield, hundred-seed weight, and total sound mature kernel (TSMK). A total of 90 recombinant inbred lines, derived from Tamrun OL07 and a breeding line Tx964117, were used as a mapping population and planted in Brownfield and Stephenville, Texas. A genetic map was developed using 1,211 SNP markers based on double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD-seq). A total of 10 QTLs were identified above the permutation threshold, three for yield, three for hundred-seed weight and four for TSMK, with LOD score values of 3.7 - 6.9 and phenotypic variance explained of 12.2% - 35.9%. Among those, there were several QTLs that were detected in more than one field experiment. The commonly detected QTLs in this study may be used as potential targets for future breeding program to incorporate yield and grade related traits through molecular breeding.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.153-160
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• 2021

The connection of the steel structure serves to transmit external forces to the main components. The same is true for the behavior of modular systems composed mainly of steel or composite members. In this study, the joint performance of the composite and steel modules proposed was evaluated. The analytical models of the two joint types were constructed and were subjected to cyclic loading to assess the safety and the energy dissipation capacity of the joint types. The analysis results of the joints showed that the joints of the modular systems remain stable when the joint rotation reached the seismic performance limit state of the 0.02 rad required for steel intermediate moment frame. It was also observed that the joint of the composite modular system showed higher energy dissipation capacity compared with the steel modular system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.24 no.4_2
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• pp.443-451
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• 2021

It is essential to examine and analyze the power output and load responses together using real-world turbulent wind speeds. In this paper, the power controller and the drive train damper are simultaneously considered using the NREL 5MW wind turbine model, and the damage equivalent load(DEL) of the low speed shaft torque and power output responses according to the natural frequency of the second order low pass filter are simultaneously investigated. Numerical testing is carried out above rated wind speed using commercially available Bladed software. From the viewpoints of DEL reduction of the drive train shaft torque and power output responses, it is shown that the natural frequency of the low pass filter is appropriately about 6 to 10rad/s. And the reduction ratio of the DEL of the low-speed shaft torque decreases as the wind speed becomes higher, and it is confirmed that the reduction ratio is limited to about 20% at high wind speeds.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.287-292
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• 2021

In this study, the layered structures of immiscible Fe and Cu metals were employed to investigate the interface evolution through solid-state mixing. The pure Fe and Cu powders were cold-consolidated by high-pressure torsion (HPT) to fabricate a layered Cu-Fe-Cu structure. The microstructural evolutions and flow of immiscible Fe and Cu metals were investigated following different iterations of HPT processing. The results indicate that the HPT-processed sample following four iterations showed a sharp chemical boundary between the Fe and Cu layers. In addition, the Cu powders exhibited perfect consolidation through HPT processing. However, the Fe layer contained many microcracks. After 20 iterations of HPT, the shear strain generated by HPT produced interface instability, which caused the initial layered structure to disappear.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.83 no.4
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• pp.537-549
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• 2022

In this paper, a novel multi-feature model predictive control (MPC) framework with real-time and adaptive performances is proposed for intelligent structural control in which some drawbacks of the algorithm including, complex control rule and non-optimality, are alleviated. Hence, Linear Programming (LP) is utilized to simplify the resulted control rule. Afterward, the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is applied to the optimal and adaptive tuning of the LP weights independently at each time step. The stochastic control rule is also achieved using Kalman Filter (KF) to handle noisy measurements. The Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) is then adopted to develop a data-driven and real-time control algorithm. The efficiency of the developed algorithm is then demonstrated by numerical simulation of a twenty-story high-rise benchmark building subjected to earthquake excitations. The competency of the proposed method is proven from the aspects of optimality, stochasticity, and adaptivity compared to the KF-based MPC (KMPC) and constrained MPC (CMPC) algorithms in vibration suppression of building structures. The average value for performance indices in the near-field and far-field (El earthquakes demonstrates a reduction up to 38.3% and 32.5% compared with KMPC and CMPC, respectively.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.307-314
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• 2005

After dental implant are planted into their bony site among the various growth factors associated with bone formation. BMP is expressed in the bone surrounding the implant fixture. By taking a close look at BMP2, BMP4 which are growth factors that take put in bone formation, its histologic features and radiographic bone healing patterns we would like to examine the mechanism of osseointegration. We randomly used 8 male and female house rabbit amd used diameter 5 mm height spiral shaped implants(Ostem, Korea) for animal use handled as a resorbable blast machined(RBM) surface and machined surface. 2group were formed and each group had RBM surface and machined surface implant or a simple bone cavity. After 3, 7, 14 and 28 days post surgery 2 objects were sacrificed from each group and histologic specimens were acquired. RT-PCR analysis was conducted and after H&E staining the extent of osseointegration was measured applying a histologic feature and histomorphometric analysis program. Quanitity one -4.41(Bio-Rad, USA) was used after scanning the PCR product image of the growth factors manifested in each group. According to the histomorphometric features the RBM, Machined surface group showed increased contact between bone and implant surface at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after surgery. The BMP2 level increased in both experiment groups but remained unchanged in the contrast group. BMP4 levels stayed steady after the early post implantation period for RBM but showed decreased in the machined surface group and contrast group. The amount of contact between bone and implant surface increased with the passage of time. BMP2, BMP4 were expressed in both experimental group and contrast group. These growth factors play a role in osseointegration of implant.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.81-90
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• 2003

In this study, we investigated the weathering properties of Korean Rhus lacquers containing tung oil and their potential use as exterior coatings. The finished lacquers were prepared with a raw Korean Rhus lacquer or refined Korean Rhus lacquer content of 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.% (corresponding to ratios of 10/90, 20/80, 30/70 and 40/60 by weight of Korean Rhus lacquer/tung oil, respectively). The curing temperature of the prepared lacquer increased with increasing the content of the raw Korean Rhus lacquer. This increased curing temperature is related to higher proportion of hydroxyl groups in the prepared lacquer, due to the content of the raw Korean Rhus lacquer. In accelerated weathering testing, the changes in the gloss and contact angle of the prepared lacquers showed a similar trend to that of traditional exterior oil stain. In addition, the prepared lacquers containing tung oil showed greater discoloration than traditional exterior oil stain. However, the discoloration of the prepared lacquer with a raw Korean Rhus lacquer content of 40 wt.%, and that of the prepared lacquer with refined Korean Rhus lacquer contents of 30 wt.% and 40 wt.%, showed a similar trend to that of traditional exterior oil stain. Consequentially, these prepared lacquers showed a potential for being used as exterior coatings.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2000

In order to develop an appropriate cultural practice for a newly bred 2-rowed, waxy, naked barley cultivar 'Duwonchapssalbori' in the southern region, 2 varieties, 3 seeding dates, 4 seeding rates were designed with 2 replications. The heading and maturity dates of 'Duwonchapssalbori' were' earlier than 'Saessalbori by 2-5 and 4 days, respectively. Culm length of 'Duwonchapssalbori' was 60 to 66cm with lodging resistance. Grain yields of both varieties were 4.28-4.33 ton/ha in the plot of Oct. 20 seeding, 4.11-4.18 ton in the plot of Oct. 28 seeding, and 3.7-13.89 ton/ha in the Nov. 5 seeding. Grain yield with different seeding rates highly significantly fitted with secondary polynomial equations in the plots of Oct. 20 and Oct. 28 seedings ($R^2$=0.84-0.85), showing the greatest yield with seeding rate of 140kg per ha. However, the grain yield with various seeding rates in the plot of Nov. 5 seeding showed simple linear regression ($R^2$=0.71), showing the seeding rate over 160kg in the case of later seeding to be optimal. Number of spikes per $m^2$ significantly contributed to grain yield, and fitted to simple linear regression ($R^2$=0.881-0.891), suggesting that plenty of early stands should be established at early seedling stage for high grain yield. Young spikes of 'Duwonchapssalbori' in the plot of Oct. 20 seeding elongated with linear increments since Feb. 10 (6.7mm), and showed rapid increment since March 7 (15.1mm). However, elongation of young spikes of 'Saessalbori' began from March 15 with slow increments. From these studies, the optimum seeding date and seeding rate in 'Duwonchapssalbori' were Oct. 20-28 and 140kg per ha for high grain yield in the southern regions.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.213-222
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• 1975

Immobilization of the second-cycle radioactive liquid wastes from a Purex process was developed with the blown asphalt (manufactured by Kukdong Shell Oil Company Ltd) to eliminate the possibility that the radioactive materials will be redispersed into the environment. Attempts to incorporate these wastes directly into the asphalt martrices without any pretreatment were not successful, as it was observed that the sulphuric acid in the waste oxidised the asphalt. Hence, the waste was treated with caustic soda and made alkaline prior to bituminization, so that it was found that this pretreatment made the waste compatible to the asphalt matrices. The pure blown asphalt samples irradiated with doses of 4.0$\times$10$^{7}$ rad showed no evidence of volume increase. The suitable temperature for incorporation of the alkaline wastes into blown asphalt was 180-20$0^{\circ}C$. The Products containing 50 wt% salts represented the following good properties viz., volume reduction (about 1.4), homogeneity, teachability etc. During the period of 131 day $s^{l37}$Cs from products containing 40wt% salts was leached at rates ranging from 2.70$\times$10-4 to 8.27$\times$10-4g/cm2_day but the rate for $^{90}$ Sr was lower by one to two orders of magnitude by distilled water. The leaching rates for $^{137}$ Cs and $^{90}$ Sr by sea water were slightly lower than by distilled water. Both of the leaching rates decreased with increasing pH.H.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2010

This paper describes the design, construction, and fundamental testing of a precision rotational device that utilizes piezoelectric elements as a source of driving force and impact drive mechanism as a driving principle. A novel device structure is designed and the numerical simulations about the static displacement, stress distribution, and mode shape of the designed structure are performed. A fabricated rotational device has been rotated successfully by applying saw-shaped voltages to the piezoelectric elements. The one-step rotational angle was $0.44{\times}10^{-3}$ rad at the applied voltages of 80V. The angular velocities of the device were revealed to be increased as the driving frequency and voltage were respectively increased and the preload was decreased. The device has a feature that it can be translated as well as rotated. An experimental result shows that the device was translated by ${\pm}4.56{\mu}m$ maximum when the 120V sinusoidal voltages with a phase difference of $180^{\circ}$ were respectively supplied to two piezoelectric elements.