• 대한화학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.659-666
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• 1991

질소를 함유한 흥분제와 마약성 진통제 18종류의 약물들을 gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphorus detector(GC-NPD)를 사용하여 human urine으로부터 동시에 신속하게 분석할 수 있는 최적조건을 찾기 위하여 pH 변화와 추출용매 변화에 따른 회수율을 조사하였다. pH 8.5에서 에테르를 추출용매로 사용하였을 때 가장 적은 방해영향과 가장 좋은 회수율을 나타냈다. NPD에 대한 각 약물들의 상대 감응인자를 구하였고, 이 상대감응인자는 약물이 가지고 있는 질소원자의 갯수가 증가할수록 작은 값을 나타냈다. 생체시료 중의 약물들을 신속하게 검정하기 위하여 내부표준물질인 diphenylamine에 대한 relative retention time(RRT)을 작성하였다. 상대머무름 시간은 0.1% 이하의 정밀도를 나타냈다.

• 약학회지
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2015

Analytical method for related substances can be categorized into two methods depending on the necessity of reference standard (RS). The analytical method of related substances with RS is fast and accurate, but it's very expensive and technically difficult to synthesize RS due to their complicated structure. Another method is using relative retention time (RRT) and relative response factor (RRF) which are already validated with RS. Validation of this method is not easy and time consuming, but once it has been developed, it can save cost and time. In this study, we developed the analytical method for related substances of fenofibrate using RRT and RRF. We validated the method by evaluating specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision according to the "Manual for Guideline Application for Validation of Analytical Procedures" of MFDS. Also, we calculated RRT and RRF between fenofibrate and fenofibrate related substances. The results of this study showed high specificity for fenofibrate and fenofibrate related substances. Correlation coefficient(r) of all substances were more than 0.99, and the recovery of fenofibrate, fenofibrate related substance I, II and III were 99.44%, 100.84%, 99.14% and 101.58%, respectively. Precision of fenofibrate and its related substances were ranged between RSD 0.29% and 0.93%. Quantification limits of fenofibrate, fenofibrate related substance I, II and III were determined to be $0.03{\mu}g/ml$, $0.05{\mu}g/ml$, $0.04{\mu}g/ml$ and $0.02{\mu}g/ml$, respectively by confirming signal to noise ratio of each chromatogram. The RRT for fenofibrate related substance I, II and III were determined to be 0.35, 0.41 and 1.34, respectively. Also, the RRF for fenofibrate related substance I, II and III were determined to be 1.28, 0.98 and 0.79, respectively. The developed method was applied to determine contents for fenofibrate related substances in commercial fenofibrate (active pharmaceutical ingredient). As a result, developed analytical methods of related substances will be used for revising the monograph of fenofibrate in Korean Pharmacopoeia revision and contribute quality control of drugs by improving cost and time consuming problem of RS.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.595-606
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• 2000

In order to compare analytical conditions for measuring PAHs(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in ambient air, a series of experiment were conducted using three different types of extraction methods that include:(1) accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), (2) soxhlet, and (3) sonification methods. Efficiency and relevant analytixal parameters for each of these methods were examined on five different types of solvents that include:(1) 10% diethyl ether in n-hexane(v/v), (2) dichloromethane, (3)cyclohexane.(4) toluene, and (5) Benzene: ethanol (4:1). Comparison of extraction efficiency for various combinations between methods and solvents was made through an application of both internal and external standard calibration techniques. The extraction efficiency tests, when checked using both internal and external standards, allowed us to derive meaningful comparison among different techniques and among solvents.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.469-485
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• 2018

On September 26, 2017, South Korean government has established the Particulate Matter Comprehensive Plan to improve Korean air quality by 2022, which aims to reduce annual mean surface $PM_{2.5}$ concentration to $18{\mu}g/m^3$. This study demonstrates quantitative assessment of predicted $PM_{2.5}$ concentrations over 17 South Korean regions with the enforcement of the comprehensive plan. We utilize the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system with CAPSS 2013 and CREATE 2015 emissions inventories. Simulations are conducted for 2015 with the base emissions and the planned emissions, and impacts from model biases are minimized using the RRF (Relative Response Factor). With effective emission reduction scenario suggested by the comprehensive plan, the model demonstrates that the surface $PM_{2.5}$ concentration may decrease by $6{\mu}g/m^3$ ($23{\mu}g/m^3{\rightarrow}17{\mu}g/m^3$) and $7{\mu}g/m^3$ ($25{\mu}g/m^3{\rightarrow}18{\mu}g/m^3$) for Seoul and South Korea, respectively. The number of high $PM_{2.5}$ days(daily mean>$25{\mu}g/m^3$) also decreases from 21 days to 4 days.