• 대한수학회보
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.343-349
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• 1999

In this paper we apply the notion of $\rhd$$\mu$ and $\lhd$$\mu$ to fuzzy BCK-algebra, and show that $\lhd$$\mu$ is cogradient to a partial order of the BCK-algebra.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2009

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) is caused by RHD virus (RHDV) and is one of the most fatal diseases of rabbits. Acute death of rabbits occurred in a farm located in the Gyeonggi province of South Korea. The virus was isolated and confirmed as RHDV based on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and hemagglutination assay (HA), and the isolate was designated as KV0801. The nucleotide sequence of the complete VP60 gene of KV0801 was determined and the corresponding amino acid sequence was deduced. Molecular analysis showed that the KV0801 isolate can be classified as a pandemic antigenic variant strain, RHDVa. The VP60 nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid homology between KV0801 and other Korean isolate, RHF89, which was isolated in 1988, were 92.1 and 94.3%, respectively. The pathogenicity of the KV0801 isolate at an HA titer ranging from 16,384 to 0.16 HA units was evaluated in five-month-old SFP rabbits. The rabbits inoculated with KV0801 isolate containing more than 1.63 HA units died within six days of inoculation. These results suggest that a highly pathogenic RHDVa is circulating in the rabbit populations of Korea.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2019

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 우반구 손상인에게 대조 초점의 중의성 문장에 대한 운율 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 본 연구는 본 연구는 초점 운율을 조사하기 위해서 강도, F0, 지속시간 등의 음향학적 매개변수를 검사하였다. 정상인과 우반구 손상인의 모든 구어 샘플은 Praat 4.3.14로 분석하였으며 SPSS 18.0을 사용하여 독립 t-test를 통해 자료를 분석하였다. 결과: 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 첫음절의 강도는 집단 간 유의미한 차이를 나타내었다. 둘째, F0은 모든 집단에서 유의미한 차이를 나타내었다. 셋째, 지속시간은 모든 집단에서 유의미한 차이를 나타내었다. 결론: 강도, 지속시간, F0는 모두 구조적 화용적 의미를 강조하는 데 있어서 운율의 요소로써 사용되지만, 초점에 따라서 강도와 지속시간은 F0와 연관성이 있었다. 그에 비해 F0는 언어학적으로도 유의미한 차이가 있었지만 손상인과 정상인 간에도 유의미한 차이가 있었기 때문에 F0는 우반구 손상인의 운율적 평가의 변별 요인이 될 수 있으며 차후의 연구를 통해 더 강력한 증거를 축적할 필요가 있을 것이다.

• 정보와 통신
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2008

미래 유비쿼터스 사회 실현을 위한 핵심기반 기술로 RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)와 HSN (Ubiquitous Sensor Network)의 중요성이 날로 부각되고 있다. 세계 각국은 물류 유통, 의료, 국방, 교통 등 다양한 분야에 이를 시범적으로 도입하는 등 유비쿼터스 산업화에 박차를 가하고 있다. 우리 정부는 RHD/USN의 전략적 중요성을 인식하여 04년도부터 정부 주도의 시범 확산사업 및 기술개발, 관련 법 제도화를 추진해왔다. RFID/USN의 본격 확산을 위해서는 RFID 칩 제조 등 핵심기술 개발뿐만 아니라, 태그 부착 자동화 같은 실제 업무현장에 활용할 수 있는 응용기술 개발이 필요하며 민간의 도입 활성화를 위해서는 수요활성화 정책을 통한 저가 태그 보급 정책도 병행되어야 한다. 본고에서는 그간 국가 사회 전체에 유비쿼터스 기술을 본격 확산하기위하여 추진된 국내 RFID/USN 사업 추진현황 및 향후 정책방향에 대해 서술하고자 한다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2018

To artificially enhance antimicrobial peptide expression in Bombyx mori, we constructed genetically engineered silkworms overexpressing Rel family transcription factor. The truncated BmRelish1 (BmRelish1t) gene contained a Rel homolog domain (RHD), nuclear localization signal (NLS), acidic and hydrophobic amino acid (AHAA)-rich region, and death domain (DD), but no ankyrin-repeat (ANK) domain. The BmRelish1t gene was controlled by B. mori cytoplasmic actin 3 promoter in the PiggyBac transposon vector. Chromosome analysis of G1 generations of a transgenic silkworm with EGFP expression confirmed stable insertion of BmRelish1t. BmRelish1t gene overexpression in transgenic silkworms resulted in higher mRNA expression levels of B. mori antimicrobial peptides such as lebocin(~20.5-fold), moricin(~8.7-fold), and nuecin(~17.4-fold) than those in normal silkworms.

• 천문학회보
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.84.3-84.3
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• 2019

We investigate 3D radiation-hydrodynamics (RHD) for surface convection of the solar-type low-mass stars (M = 0.8, 0.9, and 1.0 Msun). The outer convection zone (CZ) of low-mass stars is an extremely turbulent region composed of partly ionized compressible gases at high temperature. Particularly, the super-adiabatic layer (SAL), the top of the CZ is the transition region where the transport of energy changes drastically from convection to radiation. In order to accurately describe physical processes, a realistic treatment of radiation should be considered as well as convection. As a starting model, the initial stratification in the outer envelope calculated using the solar calibrations in the context of the standard stellar theory. When the numerical fluid becomes thermally relaxed, the thermodynamic structure of the steady-state turbulent flow was explicitly collected. In this presentation, we compared thermodynamic properties of turbulent convection of the solar-type low-mass stars.

• 천문학회보
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.55.1-55.1
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• 2020

In an attempt to investigate the nonlinear dynamics such as shock, shear, and turbulence associated with ultra-relativistic jets, we develop a new relativistic hydrodynamics (RHD) code based on the weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) scheme. It is a 5th-order accurate, finite-difference scheme, which has been widely used for solving hyperbolic systems of conservation equations. The code is parallelized with MPI and OpenMP. Through an extensive set of tests, the accuracy and efficiency of different WENO reconstructions, and different time discretizations are assessed. Different implementations of the equation of state (EOS) for relativistic fluid are incorporated, As the fiducial setup for simulations of ultra-relativistic jets, we adopt the EOS in Ryu et al. (2006) to treat arbitrary adiabatic index of relativistic fluid, the WENO-Z reconstructions to minimize numerical dissipation without loss of stability, and the strong stability preserving Runge-Kutta (SSPRK) method to achieve stable time stepping with large CFL numbers. In addition, the code includes a high-order flux averaging along the transverse directions for multi-dimensional problems, and the modified eigenvalues for the acoustic modes to effectively control the carbuncle instability. We find that the new code performs satisfactorily simulations of ultra-relativistic jets.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.39.2-39.2
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• 2021

To investigate the acceleration of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) in relativistic jets of FR-II galaxies, we simulate high-power jets with jet powers of Q~10^46erg/s in a stratified galaxy cluster halo using a state-of-art relativistic hydrodynamic (RHD) code we have recently developed. With the simulated jet-induced flow profiles, we then perform Monte-Carlo simulations, where the transport of high-energy particles is followed assuming large-angle scatterings in the flow-rest frame. We estimate the energy gains and acceleration times in the acceleration processes by shocks, shear, and turbulence. We present the results and discuss implications on the acceleration of UHECRs in FR II radio jets.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.269-275
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• 1993

토끼의 바이러스성 간염, 소위 토끼 출혈병의 원인체에 대한 각종 세포주들에 바이러스증식을 유도하고 한편 실험적 감염예에 대한 면역형광항체법과 immunoperoxidase 방법에 의한 원인체의 조직내에 분포상황을 조사하기 위하여 감염된 토끼를 폐사직후 부검하여 간장, 비장, 신장, 폐 및 뇌조직을 절제하여 동결절편하거나 또는 포르말린고정 파라핀 포매 절편을 $5{\sim}7{\mu}m$로 작제하여 면역반응에 공시하였다. 공시된 각종 세포주에 대한 원인체의 세포배양성은 인정되지 않았으며 면역조직화학적방법을 이용한 면역반응에서는 간장에서 강한 양성반응을 보였으며, 비장과 신장에서는 소수예에서 백색수주변 대식세포와 신사구체에서 양성반응을 각각 나타내었다. 그러나 기타 장기에서는 특이한 양성반응이 인정되지 않았다. ABC immunoperoxidase 방법을 이용한 간장의 포르말린고정 파라핀포매 절편에서 portal triad를 중심으로한 소엽주변부 간세포에서 강한 양성반응을 나타내었으며, 이들 양성반응은 간세포 및 동양혈관세포의 세포질내에 미세과립상으로 미만성 및 세포질주변성으로 관찰되었다. 그리고 감염세포와 비감염세포와의 구별이 명확히 인정되었고 양성반응을 보이는 부위는 H-E 염색상 변성괴사된 간세포에 일치되었다. 이상의 결과에서 본 질병의 표적기관은 간장이며 포르말린고정 파라핀포매 간조직의 immunoperoxidase 방법에 의한 면역조직화학적방법이 본병 진단에 크게 활용되리라 본다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.257-273
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• 2008

A number of passive aerodynamic drag reduction methods were applied separately and then in different combinations on an intercity bus model, through wind tunnel studies on a 1:20 scale model of a Mercedes Benz Tourismo 15 RHD intercity bus. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling was also conducted in parallel to assist with flow visualisation. The commercial CFD package $CFX^{TM}$ was used. It has been found that dramatic reductions in coefficient of drag ($C_D$) of up to 70% can be achieved on the model using tapered and rounded top and side leading edges, and a truncated rear boat-tail. The curved front section allows the airflow to adhere to the bus surfaces for the full length of the vehicle, while the boat-tails reduce the size of the low pressure region at the base of the bus and more importantly, additional pressure recovery occurs and the base pressures rise, reducing drag. It is found that the CFD results show remarkable agreement with experimental results, both in the magnitude of the force coefficients as well as in their trends. An analysis shows that such a reduction in aerodynamic drag could lead to a significant 28% reduction in fuel consumption for a typical bus on intercity or interstate operation. This could translate to a massive dollar savings as well as significant emissions reductions across a fleet. On road tests are recommended.