• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.11 no.6 s.44
• /
• pp.269-277
• /
• 2006

We propose a new expert system for recovering the broken fragments of relics into an original form using computer graphics and image processing. This paper presents a system with an application to tombstones objects of flat plane with letters carved in for assembling the fragments by placing their respective fragments in the right position. The matching process contains three sub-processes: aligning the front and letters of an object, identifying the matching directions, and determining the detailed matching positions. We apply least squares fitting, vector inner product, and geometric and RGB errors to the matching process. It turned out that 2-D translations via fragments-alignment enable us to save the computational load significantly. Based on experimental results from the damaged cultural fragments, the performance of the proposed method is illustrated.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.46-53
• /
• 2015

Visible Light Communication (VLC) is effective way to realize the light device and communication device using a Light Emitting Diode (LED) simultaneously. VLC has high security for Field Of View (FOV) communication area, also which is possible to transmit the high data rate using visible light. In VLC, transmitting the divided data by the RGB channels is higher data rate than transmitting the same data by RGB channels. However, it occurred the burst error by scattering and reflection of visible light which is impossible to restore that. To solve the problem, we proposed the 2-step interleaving scheme that high data rate and improve the performance of BER in VLC. The proposed system implements cyclic interleaving and convolutional interleaving that is able to be standardized the performance of RGB channels and improve the performance of BER using error correction.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.49-55
• /
• 2012

Pacman is one of the world-famous and have been chosen game in the game room at the arcade. In this paper, pacman game gives you the ability to perform by simple hand movement alone. First, we obtain binary RGB image to extract skin color, and convert into binary image YCbCr by minus the luminance in this image. Next, we extract the hand region by the product of an binary RGB image and binary YCbCr image. Finally, the hand region, we obtain the center of gravity by the minimum bounding rectangle and the center of the hand pixel area, and we used to obtain the center of the hand area with an average of two center of gravity. In other words, we presented the game of motion that can take the place of arrow key by using the center coordinates of hand. In addition, these experiments showed the average movement and error rate, and cause of the error type was also investigated.

• Information and Communications Magazine
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.10-14
• /
• 2009

본고에서는 RGB LED전광판을 이용한 가시광 정보 방송시스템에 대하여 기술한다. 현재 상용 RGB LED로 구성된 전광판에 기존의 디스플레이 기능 외에 디지털 데이터 변조기능을 부가하였다. 전광판의 규격은 1단 2열 구조로 설정하였고, 전광판의 모든 RGB LED는 NRZ 10/20 Mbps신호로 동시에 변조가 가능하도록 설계하였다. LED가 공기 중으로 방사한 가시광 신호의 성능은 수신기를 통해 데이터를 검출한 뒤에 비트오율을 측정하여 검증하였다. 전광판 RGB LED를 최대한 활용하여 LED를 10 Mbps 데이터 신호로 변조하여 방송했을 때 에러 없이 5.6m이상 전송이 가능하였고, 전송 속도가 20 Mbps인 경우는 $10^{-6}$비트오율 기준으로 5.6m까지 방송이 가능하였다. 향후 전광판 LED가 통신용으로 설계된 제품으로 대체되어 변조 특성이 좋아지고, 전광판 구조가 커져 전광판이 방출하는 전체 광출력이 증가하면 전송 특성이 보다 향상될 것으로 예상된다.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2001.09a
• /
• pp.151-154
• /
• 2001

본 논문의 목적은 범용 USB 카메라 입력 영상으로부터 실시간으로 얼굴을 추적하는 시스템을 구현하는데 있다. 먼저 USB 카메라로부터 영상을 입력받은 후 2차원 RGB 컬러 모델링으로 추출한 살색 영역을 찾고 가로, 세로 프로젝선 정보를 이용하여 얼굴을 찾는다. 기존의 RGB 컬러 모델을 개선하여 빛에 강인한 모델링을 하였으며, 프로젝션 정보를 이용할 때 일어나는 에러를 최소화하기 위하여 누적 히스토그램 영역 결합 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 구현한 시스템은 움직임이 많은 영상에도 빠른 속도를 보였으며, 특히 영상의 움직임이적은 경우 카메라에서 영상을 보여 주는 것과 동시에 얼굴을 찾아내어, 연속적인 프레임을 처리할 수 있는 성능을 보였다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.422-428
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we propose the robust object detection algorithm with spatial gradient information. To do this, first, we eliminate error values that appear due to complex environment and various illumination change by using prior methods based on hue and intensity from the input video and background. Visible shadows are eliminated from the foreground by using an RGB color model and a qualified RGB color model. And unnecessary values are eliminated by using the HSI color model. The background is removed completely from the foreground leaving a silhouette to be restored using spatial gradient and HSI color model. Finally, we validate the applicability of the proposed method using various indoor and outdoor conditions in a complex environments.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2008.07a
• /
• pp.1905-1906
• /
• 2008

본 논문에서는 spatial gradient를 이용한 강인한 물체 추출 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 먼저 복잡한 환경과 다양한 빛의 변화에 의해 나타나는 에러 값 등을 해결하기 위해 기존에 제안된 입력 영상과 기준 영상에서 밝기와 색 성분을 이용하여 최초 배경을 제거한다. 배경을 제거한 다음, 그림자로 인식되어 전경 영역에 추가된 부분을 RGB 칼라 모델과 정규화 된 RGB 칼라 모델을 이용하여 제거하고, HSI 칼라 모델을 이용하여 불필요한 정보 값을 갖는 영역을 제거한다. 마지막으로, 배경으로 인식되어 전경으로부터 제거된 부분을 입력 영상의 공간상 정보인 spatial gradient와 HSI 칼라 모델을 이용하여 복구하는 방법을 제안한다. 마지막으로, 복잡하고 다양한 실내.외 환경에서의 실험을 통해 그 응용 가능성을 증명한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.731-736
• /
• 2008

In this paper, we propose the movement detection algorithm by using virtual skeleton model. To do this, first, we eliminate error values by using conventioanl method based on RGB color model and eliminate unnecessary values by using the HSI color model. Second, we construct the virtual skeleton model with skeleton information of 10 peoples. After matching this virtual model to original image, we extract the real head silhouette by using the proposed circle searching method. Third, we extract the object by using the mean-shift algorithm and this head information. Finally, we validate the applicability of the proposed method through the various experiments in a complex environments.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.53 no.6
• /
• pp.110-121
• /
• 2016

The primary aim of the color constancy algorithm is to estimate illuminant chromaticity. There are various statistical-based, learning-based and combinational-based color constancy algorithms already exist. However, the statistical-based algorithms can only perform well on images that satisfy certain assumptions, learning-based methods are complex methods that require proper preprocessing and training data, and combinational-based methods depend on either pre-determined or dynamically varying weights, which are difficult to determine and prone to error. Therefore, this paper presents a new optimization based illuminant estimation method which is free from complex preprocessing and can estimate the illuminant under different environmental conditions. A strong color cast always has an odd standard deviation value in one of the RGB channels. Based on this observation, a cost function called the degree of illuminant tinge(DIT) is proposed to determine the quality of illuminant color-calibrated images. This DIT is formulated in such a way that the image scene under standard illuminant (d65) has lower DIT value compared to the same scene under different illuminant. Here, a swarm intelligence based particle swarm optimizer(PSO) is used to find the optimum illuminant of the given image that minimizes the degree of illuminant tinge. The proposed method is evaluated using real-world datasets and the experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.169-176
• /
• 2010

We propose a Z-HBT line coding for a LED-ID system. Z-HBT line coding is defined as follows. First, we apply half bit transition to one bit. Second, we decode encoded bits using difference of bit transition level in one bit duration. As a result, we obtain advantages about synchronization problem and noise effect mitigation at the receiver. We set up outdoor the LED-ID simulation environment. At simulation results, we show 2-3dB gain as compared with existing line coding schemes. The results of the paper can be applied to design and implementation of LED-ID systems for indoor wireless multimedia services.