• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.555-567
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• 1992

In this study gene encoding structural proteins of a CPV isolate was cloned and sequenced to elucidate the molecular genetical properties of the canine parvoviruses isolated from the field. Six recombinant plasmids of pEP3, p1471, p2070, pEP069, pEP338 and p14711p were constructed from the map positions 22 to 98 of RF DNA to clone the VP1 and VP2 genes of CPV-V20. Sequentialy the gene comprising 3780 nucleotides were sequenced by dideoxy chain termination method. When nucleotide sequence of gene encoding the structural proteins of CPV-V20 was compared with those of other strains, CPV-N, CPV-d and CPV-780929 published previously, DNA, homologies to CPV-V20 were 99.87% with CPV-N, 99.73% with CPV-d, 96.85% with CPV-780929 and 98.4% with FPLV-Carl, respectively. The DNA sequence data of CPV-V20 showed seven point mutations and also deletion of 135 nucleotides from the nucleotide position 4745 to 4879 located in the 3'-noncoding region of CPV-N.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2011

Clinical arthritis is typically divided into rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Arthritis-induced muscle weakness is a major problem in aged people, leading to a disturbance of balance during the gait cycle and frequent falls. The purposes of the present study were to confirm fiber type-dependent expression of muscle atrophy markers induced by arthritis and to identify the relationship between clinical signs and expression of muscle atrophy markers. Mice were divided into four experimental groups as follows: (1) negative control (normal), (2) positive control (CFA+acetic acid), (3) RA group (CFA+acetic acid+type II collagen), and (4) aging-induced OA group. DBQA/1J mice (8 weeks of age) were injected with collagen (50 ${\mu}g/kg$), and physiological (body weight) and pathological (arthritis score and paw thickness) parameters were measured once per week. The gastrocnemius muscle from animals in each group was removed, and the expression of muscle atrophy markers (MAFbx and MuRF1) and myosin heavy chain isoforms were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. No significant change in body weight occurred between control groups and collagen-induced RA mice at week 10. However, bovine type II collagen induced a dramatic increase in clinical score or paw thickness at week 10 (p<0.01). Concomitantly, the expression of the muscle atrophy marker MAFbx was upregulated in the RA and OA groups (p<0.01). A dramatic reduction in myosin heavy chain (MHC)-$I{\beta}$ was seen in the gastrocnemius muscles from RA and OA mice, while only a slight decrease in MHC-IIb was seen. These results suggest that muscle atrophy gene expression occurred in a fiber type-specific manner in both RA- and OA-induced mice. The present study suggests evidence regarding why different therapeutic interventions are required between RA and OA.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권12A호
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• pp.925-932
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• 2009

최근에 온도관리가 필수조건인 신선식품의 유통관리 분야에서 전지 지원 수동형 센서태그에 대한 요구가 크게 증대되고 있다. ISO/IEC18000-6REV1은 산업체에서 널리 사용되고 있는 EPCglobal Class1 Generation2 규격의 RFID 태그와 호환되는 전지 지원 수동형 센서태그를 지원하는 표준을 규정하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 전지 지원 수동형 센서태그를 지원하는 리더 모뎀을 FPGA로 설계하였으며, ISO/IEC18000-6REV1에서 정의하는 센서 데이터 처리기능을 개발하였다. 모뎀의 송신 블록은 표준에서 규정하는 성형필터(pulse shaping filter)를 지원하며, RF출력 신호는 표준에서 권고하는 스펙트럼 마스크를 만족한다. 태그의 신호를 수신하는 모뎀의 수신 블록은 심벌 타이밍 동기에 널리 사용되는 Gardner TED(Timing Error Detection) 방법을 이용하였으며, 동기 방식으로 설계된 수신기는 FM0, Miller-2, Miller-4, 그리고 Miller-8 신호를 모두 수신할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 표준화가 진행중인 ISO/IEC18000-6REV1 규격을 만족하는 모뎀과 센서태그용 리더 시스템을 개발하여 센서태그 및 수동형 태그를 무선 환경에서 안정적으로 인식하였으며, 임베디드 리눅스 기반 플랫폼에서 센서 프로토콜을 구현하여 센서 데이터를 실시간으로 처리하였다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2020

Objectives : Glucoraphanin is one of the well-known natural glucosinolates found in cruciferous plants. In the present study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanism of glucoraphanin in dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in vitro model. Methods : The cytotoxic effects of glucoraphanin on C2C12 myoblasts or myotubes were evaluated by MTT assay. The glucoraphanin was evaluated effects in dexamethasone-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes using a real-time PCR, western blots analysis, and immunofluorescence staining of myosin heavy chain. Result : Glucoraphanin had no cytotoxicity on both C2C12 myoblasts or myotubes. Dexamethasone markedly induced muscle atrophy by up-regulating muscle-specific ubiquitin E3 ligase markers, atrogin-1 and MuRF1, and down-regulating MyoD, a myogenic regulatory factor whereas co-treatment of glucoraphanin and dexamethasone dose-dependently inhibited it. Furthermore, decreased expressions of p-Akt, p-FOXO1, and p-FOXO3a induced by dexamethasone were reversed by co-treatment with glucoraphanin and dexamethasone. In addition, dexamethasone obviously reduced myotube diameters, while co-treatment of glucoraphanin and dexamethasone increased those to a similar level as control. Conclusions : These results show that glucoraphanin suppresses dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes through activation of Akt/FOXO signaling pathway.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2013

Quantitative analyses of naturally occurring methanol were performed for the alcoholic beverages commonly consumed in Jecheon, Chungbuk province, South Korea. The headspace analysis method was optimized for the low and high alcoholic beverages. The external standard method was applied due to the overlapping of 2-propanol and 2-butanol (the internal standard candidates) with target sample matrix peaks. The target samples were selected based on the retail sales amounts of alcoholic beverages in the largest retailer food-mart chain, Jecheon, Chungbuk province, South Korea. There was no sample containing methanol over 0.5 $mg/m{\ell}$, the Korean maximum level of methanol in alcoholic beverages (1.0 $mg/m{\ell}$ for fruit originated liquor etc). The total exposure amount of methanol via alcoholic beverages was estimated based on the daily alcohol consumption of 40 g. The hazard indices calculated by methanol RfD 0.5 mg/kg bw day (US EPA) and ADI 20 mg/kg bw day (proposed by Lachenmeier etc.) were 0.301 and 0.008, respectively. As with the hazard index, aggregate exposures below a HI of 1.0 will likely not result in adverse noncancer health effects over a lifetime of exposure. Then the methanol exposure via the alcoholic liquours might not hazard to Jecheon citizen.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.594-599
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• 2007

In this study, we evaluated whether the oral administration of chondroitin from the cartilage of Raja kenojei is effective on the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), using collagen-induced arthritic (CIA) mice. Arthritis development was delayed dose-dependently in the chondroitin-treated groups. The pre- and late-treated groups receiving 1,000 mg/kg of chondroitin had clinical scores that were reduced significantly by 56.9 (p<0.05) and 43.3% (p<0.05), respectively, compared to the vehicle-treated groups. Hematoxylin eosin staining and X-ray radiography showed that the chondroitins reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells and prevented joint destruction of the knee and paw. Reverse transcription-polyerase chain reaction analysis revealed that chondroitin administration inhibited the expressions of tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), $interlukin-1{\beta}$ ($IL-1{\beta}$), and $interferon-{\gamma}$ ($IFN-{\gamma}$) in joints more than the administration of vehicle. Chondroitin treatment also decreased the production of rheumatoid factors (RF), IgG and IgM, in the serum of CIA mice. These results indicate that chrondroitin administration has a protective effect involving the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine production in CIA mice.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.602-614
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• 2023

본 연구는 근생성 및 근위축 완화효능을 가진 유효소재 발굴의 필요성에 의해 polygalacin D가 근원세포 분화 및 미토콘드리아에 미치는 영향과 항암제 유도 근위축에 대한 완화효과를 각각 세포 및 동물실험을 통해 확인하고자 하였다. 그 결과, polygalacin D는 다핵을 지닌 근관세포의 수와 분화 종결인자인 MHC isoforms의 발현량을 증가시켰고 근육 내 단백질 분해 인자인 MuRF1, Smad2/3의 발현량은 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 또한 미토콘드리아 생합성 조절인자인 Pgc1α의 발현은 증가시키고 미토콘드리아 분열인자인 Drp1과 Fis1의 발현은 감소시켰다. 한편 zebrafish 동물모델을 통해 항암제 유도 근위축에 대한 개선효과를 확인한 결과, polygalacin D는 항암제에 의해 유도된 근위축과 미토콘드리아 손상을 완화시켰다. 이상의 결과들은 polygalacin D가 미토콘드리아 기능 증진을 매개로 근원세포 분화 촉진 및 근육 단백질 분해 저하 효과를 지닐 뿐만 아니라, 미토콘드리아 손상을 개선하여 항암제로 유도된 근위축에 대한 완화 효과를 나타냄을 시사한다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 polygalacin D가 근생성 및 근위축 예방과 치료를 위한 잠재적인 유효소재로서의 가능성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2024

본 연구는 근생성 효능을 가진 천연화합물을 발굴하고자 oxypeucedanin hydrate가 근생성과 미토콘드리아에 미치는 영향 및 항암제 유도 미토콘드리아 손상에 대한 완화효과를 C2C12 근원세포와 zebrafish 모델을 통해 각각 확인하였다. 그 결과, oxypeucedanin hydrate는 다핵의 근관세포의 수와 분화말기 표지자인 Myh4의 발현량을 증가시켰고 근육단백질 분해 인자인 MuRF1과 MAFbx의 발현량은 감소시켰다. 또한 미토콘드리아 생합성 조절인자인 Pgc1α, Tfam과 전자전달계 구성인자인 Sdha, Cox1의 발현은 증가시키고, 미토콘드리아 융합인자인 Opa1의 발현 또한 증가시킴과 동시에 미토콘드리아 분열을 표지하는 Drp1의 발현은 감소시켰다. 한편 zebrafish 모델을 통해 항암제 유도 미토콘드리아 손상에 대한 개선효과를 확인한 결과, oxypeucedanin hydrate는 항암제에 의해 유도된 미토콘드리아 손상을 완화시켰다. 이상의 결과들은 oxypeucedanin hydrate가 미토콘드리아 기능 증진을 매개로 근원세포 분화 촉진 및 근육 단백질 분해 저하 효과를 나타냄을 시사한다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 oxypeucedanin hydrate가 근생성 효과를 나타낼 수 있는 잠재적인 유효소재로서의 가능성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.332-340
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• 2013

In this study, gamma rays were used to irradiate embryogenic calli induced from cotyledon explants of Panax ginseng Meyer. After the embryogenic calli were irradiated, they were transferred to adventitious roots using an induction medium; next, mutated adventitious root (MAR) lines with a high frequency of adventitious root formations were selected. Two MAR lines (MAR 5-2 and MAR 5-9) from the calli treated with 50 Gy of gamma rays were cultured on an $NH_4NO_3$-free Murashige and Skoog medium with indole-3-butyric acid 3 mg/L. The expression of genes related to ginsenoside biosynthesis was analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction with RNA prepared from native ginseng (NG), non-irradiated adventitious root (NAR) and 2 MAR lines. The expression of the squalene epoxidase and dammarenediol synthase genes was increased in the MAR 5-2 line, whereas the phytosterol synthase was increased in the MAR 5-9 line. The content and pattern of major ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, and Rg1) were analyzed in the NG, NAR, and 2 MAR lines (MAR 5-2 and MAR 5-9) using TLC and HPLC. In the TLC analysis, the ginsenoside patterns in the NG, NAR, and 2 MAR lines were similar; in contrast, the MAR 5-9 line showed strong bands of primary ginsenosides. In the HPLC analysis, compared with the NG, one new type of ginsenoside was observed in the NAR and 2 MAR lines, and another new type of ginsenoside was observed in the 2 MAR lines irradiated with gamma rays. The ginsenoside content of the MAR 5-9 line was significantly greater in comparison to the NG.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.402-408
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• 2013

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface properties and in vitro bioactivity to osteoblasts of magnesium and magnesium-hydroxyapatite coated titanium. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Themagnesium (Mg) and magnesium-hydroxyapatite (Mg-HA) coatings on titanium (Ti) substrates were prepared by radio frequency (RF) and direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering.The samples were divided into non-coated smooth Ti (Ti-S group), Mg coatinggroup (Ti-Mg group), and Mg-HA coating group (Ti-MgHA group).The surface properties were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surface roughness was evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Cell adhesion, cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were evaluated using MC3T3-E1 cells. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was performed. RESULTS. Cross-sectional SEM images showed that Mg and Mg-HA depositionson titanium substrates were performed successfully. The surface roughness appeared to be similaramong the three groups. Ti-MgHA and Ti-Mg group had improved cellular responses with regard to the proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and bone-associated markers, such as bone sialoprotein (BSP) and osteocalcin (OCN) mRNA compared to those of Ti-S group. However, the differences between Ti-Mg group and Ti-MgHA group were not significant, in spite of the tendency of higher proliferation, ALP activity and BSP expression in Ti-MgHA group. CONCLUSION. Mg and Mg-HAcoatings could stimulate the differentiation into osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, potentially contributing to rapid osseointegration.