• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.18
• /
• pp.27-31
• /
• 2000

Preferences on the change of color and aroma of soybean sprout was surveyed. Negative response of 'bad' or 'very bad' on pink (72%), red (60%), and green (44%) coloring was obtained. However, yellow coloring showed about 55% of positive response of 'good' or 'very good'. Thus yellow is the only color which received highly positive response among altered-color soybean sprouts. Significantly different result was observed when various aroma was added to soybean sprout. 80% of peanut scent-added soybean sprout and 76% of melon scent-added soybean sprout received positive response of 'good' or 'very good' while only 20% of the response was negative. In conclusion, altering color to yellow and addition of peanut scent or melon scent could increase the general preference of soybean sprout.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.183-203
• /
• 2004

Objective : Tension-type headache is the most common headache. The objective of this study is to find the clinical manifestation of tension-type headache and correlation with autonomic bioelectric response. Methods : This observation was carried out on 60 patients with tension-type headache. We used headache questionnaire and the Autonomic Bioelectric Response recoder(ABR-2000) for this study. Results : 1. Distribution of sex & age : male : female=5 : 7, 50s&60s group (28.3%) 2. Duration of onset : over 5years(50%), over one years(83.4%) 3. Causes of illness : stress(58.3%), severe fatigue(53.5%), tension(33.3%) 4. Time of attack : irregular(56.7%), day time(16.7%) 5. Pattern of pain: heavy(31 people), stiffness of occipital region (27 people) tightening around the head(25 people) 6. Curve : 40%, 56.7%, 35.0% SL(Slope low) at peak 1, 2, 3/ SH&SI not found 7. Regulation : 16.7% RR(Regulation reverse) at peak 1, 25% RH(Regulation high) at peak 2, 15% RR(Regulation reverse) at peak 3 8. Graph : Activity-60.0%, 70.0%, 63.3% lowered reaction(L, LR, L!) at peak 1, 2, 3 Reactivity-83.3%, 95.0%, 93.3% lowered reaction at peak 1, 2, 3 Conclusion : We find tension-type headache has remarkable relativeness with autonomic bioelectric response.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
• /
• v.7 no.9
• /
• pp.2797-2806
• /
• 2000

Recently, DDSs(Distributed Database Systems) have been implemented on V AN(V alue Added Network) as we know the amazing expansion of information network. DDS can yield significant cost and response time advantages over centralized systems for geographically distributed organizations. However, inappropriate design can result in high cost and poor response time to maintain the database at each site. In a DDS design, the main problem is how to select proper computer and how to allocate data fragment into a proper site. In this paper, we address DDS design problem of selecting the proper class of computers and the allocating data files on VAN. Also, the formulated model includes two objectives, the waited response time and the investment cost to include their relationship. Specially, the formulation of waited response time is based on M/M/1 queueing system to evaluate more precisely. GA(Genetic Algorithm), a kind of heuristic search method, is developed to search an optimal solution in the proposed design model and we show the simulation result to examine the algorithm performance.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• v.6 no.4
• /
• pp.375-392
• /
• 2014

Time history analyses have been preferred commonly in earthquake engineering area to determine earthquake performances of structures in recent years. Advances in computer technology and structural analysis have led to common usage of time history analyses. Eurocode 8 allows the use of real earthquake records as an input for linear and nonlinear time history analyses of structures. However, real earthquake records with the desired characteristics sometimes may not be found, for example depending on soil classes, in this case artificial and synthetic earthquake records can be used for seismic analyses rather than real records. Selected earthquake records should be scaled to a code design spectrum to reduce record to record variability in structural responses of considered structures. So, scaling of earthquake records is one of the most important procedures of time history analyses. In this paper, four real earthquake records are scaled to Eurocode 8 design spectrums by using SESCAP (Selection and Scaling Program) based on time domain scaling method and developed by using MATLAB, GUI software, and then scaled and real earthquake records are used for linear time history analyses of a six-storied building. This building is modeled as spatial by SAP2000 software. The objectives of this study are to put basic procedures and criteria of selecting and scaling earthquake records in a nutshell, and to compare the effects of scaled earthquake records on structural response with the effects of real earthquake records on structural response in terms of record to record variability of structural response. Seismic analysis results of building show that record to record variability of structural response caused by scaled earthquake records are fewer than ones caused by real earthquake records.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.349-365
• /
• 2020

Since the peak seismic response of a base-isolated building strongly depends on the characteristics of the imposed seismic ground motion, the behavior of a base-isolated building under different seismic ground motions is studied, in order to better assess their effects on its peak seismic response. Specifically, the behavior of a typical steel building is examined as base-isolated with elastomeric bearings, while the effect of near-fault ground motions is studied by imposing 7 pairs of near- and 7 pairs of far-fault seismic records, from the same 7 earthquake events, to the building, under 3 different loading combinations, through three-dimensional (3D) nonlinear dynamic analyses, conducted with SAP2000. The results indicate that near-fault seismic components are more likely to increase the building's peak seismic response than the corresponding far-fault components. Furthermore, the direction of the imposed earthquake excitations is also varied by rotating the imposed pairs of seismic records from 0◦ to 360◦, with respect to the major construction axes. It is observed that the peak seismic responses along the critical incident angles, which in general differ from the major horizontal construction axes of the building, are significantly higher. Moreover, the influence of 5% and 10% accidental mass eccentricities is also studied, revealing that when considering accidental mass eccentricities the peak relative displacements of the base isolated building at the isolation level are substantially increased, while the peak floor accelerations and interstory drifts of its superstructure are only slightly affected.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.117-129
• /
• 2001

Objectives: We compared the therapeutic response, the treatment-related toxicity, and the improvement of subjective symptoms between the chemotherapy alone group and the western-oriental combined treatment group and evaluated the role of oriental medicine for the improvement of chemotherapy-related toxicity in the advanced gastric cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: We evaluated 36 gastric cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma patients(chemotherapy alone group 25 patients, combined treatment group 11 patients) who had been treated in Wonju Christian Hospital and Hana Hospital of Oriental Medicine between June 1999 and October 2000. Enrolled patients' general medical records, results of laboratory and imaging studies, treatment-related toxicities, and subjective symptoms were recorded regularly according to the planned protocol. Therapeutic responses were estimated according to the WHO response criteria and the changes of tumor marker value such as CEA, CA 72-4 and AFP. Results: 1. There was no significant difference of therapeutic response by the WHO response criteria between the two groups(p=.459). 2. There was a significant decrease of tumor marker value in the combined treatment group compared to the chemotherapy alone group(p=.023). 3. There was less comprehensive treatment-related toxicity in the combined treatment group compared to the chemotherapy alone group(p=.037), but there was not a significant difference of comprehensive improvement of subjective symptoms between the two groups(p=.091). Conclusions: Based on the above results, we could expect the possibility of improvements in therapeutic response and treatment-related toxicity with the western-oriental combined anticancer treatment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.15 no.8
• /
• pp.1170-1177
• /
• 2002

An experiment was conducted to assess the interaction between genotypes and dietary lysine content in commercial broiler chicks by measuring growth, and response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) inoculation. Female chicks from four genotypes (A=Anak 2000; B=Hubbard; C=Cobb and D=Synthetic broiler) were fed four levels of lysine in diet from d old till the end of experiment. The lysine content of the diet was 9.61, 10.51, 11.41 and 12.31 g/kg. Body weights at 0, 14, 28 and 42 d of age and pen-wise feed intake till 14, 28 and 42 d of age were recorded. Production of antibody against SRBC and resistance to E.coli were measured at 5 d of post inoculation (PI) at 43 d of age. Also, response to phytohemaglutinin-P (PHA-P) was measured at 12 and 24 h of PI at 48 d of age. Genotype by dietary lysine interaction was significant for body weights at 14 and 28 d of age, but not at 42 d of age. Genotype by dietary lysine interaction was not significant for feed efficiency, for antibody titers against SRBC, and for air sac lesion score, relative bodyweight change, and relative weights of bursa and spleen in response to E.coli inoculation. However, a significant interaction was observed between the levels of lysine and dosage of SRBC for antibody titers. There was significant genotype by dietary lysine interaction for cutaneous basophilic hypersensitivity (CBH) response to PHA-P at 12 and 24 h of PI. It may be concluded that to obtain optimum body weight and immunity in commercial broilers the dietary lysine requirement may be recommended specific to the genotype.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.488-497
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of a postpartum massage program on stress response in the Cesarean section mothers. The study focused on evaluating the effect of postpartum massage program on mood, anxiety, skin temperature and concentration of saliva and breast milk immunoglobulin A in the Cesarean section mothers. This study was designed as a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study. Twenty-eight Cesarean section mothers were selected as experimental group, whereas twenty- seven were control group. The postpartum massage program consisted of 20 minutes of warm-up, massage and ending phases and used once a day. During each program, there were 4 minutes of warm-up, 14 minutes of massage on back, axillary and breasts, and 2 minutes of ending. Massage were used for the experimental group by the same investigator 20 times per minute. The massage technique used were efflurage, petrissage, accupressure, kneading and vibration. Skin temperature was monitored with YSI Tele-thermometer(Simpson electric Co., USA) before and after massage program. The concentration of immunoglobulin A in saliva and breast milk was analyzed by immunoturbididimeter assay(Cobas INTEGRA, Swiss) before and after massage program. Also at this time mood and anxiety were measured by self-report. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 7.5 and hypothesis was tested with ANCOVA analysis and Pearson coefficient correlation. The results were as follows : 1) Score of mood increased significantly after use of postpartum massage program. 2) Level of anxiety decreased significantly after use of postpartum massage program. 3) Skin temperature increased significantly after use of postpartum massage program. 4) Concentration of saliva immunoglobulin A increased significantly after use of postpartum massage program. 5) Concentration of breast milk immunoglobulin A did not change significantly after use of postpartum massage program. 6) After use of postpartum massage program, there was significant correlation between psychological stress response and physiological stress response.The results suggest that postpartum massage program can be effective nursing intervention to reduce stress response in the postpartum mothers under stress.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.117-127
• /
• 2000

The non-ELR-containing CXC chemokines Mig and IP-10 have been shown to function as chemotactic cytokines for activated T lymphocytes. In this study, we examined the potential involvement of Mig and IP-10 in antimycobacterial response of mice immunized or infected with M. bovis BCG. The accumulation of Mig and IP-10 mRNA in resident peritoneal monocytes ($RPM{\Phi}$) was slightly reduced by stimulation with vBCG, and the degree was greater for 24 hr culture even though IFN-${\gamma}$ was added. Expression of Mig, IP-10, and IFN-${\gamma}$ in 24 hr delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response was stronger in vBCG-immune mice than in the non-immune. The increase of DTH measured by foot-pad thickness appears to be clearly related to the levels of chemokines Mig and IP10 messages and those of IFN-${\gamma}$ and IL-12. Stimulation with vBCG for 2 days decreased or completely dropped the levels of Mig message in non-immune or immune splenocytes, respectively, whereas IP-10 message was slightly decreased in 2 days culture. Moreover, messages for IL-12 (p40) showed similar kinetics for Mig. The levels of Mig and IP-10 mRNA during the course of infection with BCG were not readily changed in lungs, livers, and spleens from BCG-infected mice. Although there was no obvious changes of Mig and IP-10 messages in the target organs during infection process, we found that the infection progressed over the first 3 wk before being contained by the emerging immune response suggested from detectable amount of IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA around this time. In view of selectivity of chemokines Mig and IP-10 for activated T cells, these data suggest that chemokine Mig and IP-10, especially in collaboration with IL-12 and IFN-${\gamma}$, may playa role as T cell recruiters in immune response against mycobacterial infection.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.103-113
• /
• 2009

Weighting is a common form of unit nonresponse adjustment in sample surveys where entire questionnaires are missing due to noncontact or refusal to participate. A common approach computes the response weight as the inverse of the response rate within adjustment cells based on covariate information. In this paper, we consider the efficiency and robustness of nonresponse weight adjustment bated on the response propensity and predictive mean. In the simulation study based on 2000 Fishry Census in Korea, the root mean squared errors for assessing the various ways of forming nonresponse adjustment cell s are investigated. The simulation result suggest that the most important feature of variables for inclusion in weighting adjustment is that they are predictive of survey outcomes. Though useful, prediction of the propensity to response is a secondary. Also the result suggest that adjustment cells based on joint classification by the response propensity and predictor of the outcomes is productive.